Smart-city projects run by a private company

Run by a private company: vendor, concessionaire or commercial operator. State-owned corporations do not belong here.

State-owned corporations are not on this page, however corporate their names look. That exclusion is what makes the group readable: what is left is genuinely commercial operation, most of it under contract to a public body that remains the client. These entries carry a failed or scaled-back outcome at 17.1%, against 5.4% for utilities — worth knowing, and worth not over-reading. A concession ends on a date and says so; a utility programme just carries on, and an ending nobody announces never becomes a recorded failure.

Membership here is decided by the data, not by an editor: every published entry whose recorded operator is of this kind appears below. An entry can name more than one kind of operator, so it can appear on more than one of these pages.

✔ Every published entry is checked against the public sources it cites before publication.

All 175 entries

The rest of the record

Each of these is the same kind of page — a slice of the atlas whose membership is decided by a field rather than by an editor.