1001 Smart Cities
🇳🇴 Oslo

Klemetsrud Waste-to-Energy Carbon Capture (CCS)

🤖 AI-generated summary · ◆ 20 sourced claims · 🔎 Last verified

This overview was generated with AI from the public sources listed below and checked against them before publication. It has not had a complete human fact-check — treat it as a starting point and follow the sources.

20 sourced claims on this page, none individually verified yet — turn on “Sources in the text” to see each one.

How this atlas is made · What “last verified” means · What “source-checked” means · The full record behind this page

A carbon-capture retrofit for Oslo's single biggest emitter was paused in 2023 when costs spiked. It restarted in 2025 — but the CO2 won't actually be captured until 2029.

Outcome🔄 Ongoing
Evidence🏛️ Official
what does this mean?The strongest source is the operator's or the city's own reporting — an official report, dataset or press release. It grades who did the looking — not how well the project went. All four grades →
Run byHafslund Oslo Celsio (formerly Fortum Oslo Varme; owned by Hafslund Eco 60%, Infranode 20%, HitecVision 20%)
Scale🏙️ City-wide
Cost≈NOK 9.5bn (2024 value, P85 budget)
FundingNorwegian state 'Longship' (Langskip) programme (~NOK 2.5bn capex support + ~NOK 4.4bn over 10 years for opex/transport/storage) + Oslo Municipality (NOK 2.6bn via preference shares) + Hafslund Celsio equity (NOK 4.3bn) — no confirmed EU funding for this specific project (an EU Innovation Fund application was unsuccessful in 2021)

Part of 1001 Smart Cities — 1,216 documented projects · 🏙️ 7 more in Oslo · 🌡️ Heat & cooling guide · ⚡ Energy projects

Hafslund Celsio (formerly Hafslund Oslo Celsio) is fitting its Klemetsrud waste-to-energy plant — Oslo's single largest greenhouse-gas emitter, source of 17% of the city's direct emissions, whose heat goes into district heating — with carbon capture. Paused in 2023 over rising costs, the project restarted after a January 2025 investment decision; civil works are under way, construction of the capture facility itself was scheduled to start in spring 2026, and operation is targeted for the third quarter of 2029, with captured CO2 shipped to offshore storage.

In build 📅 since 2022

📊 Impact

Designed to capture 350,000 tonnes of CO2 a year — about 90% of the flue-gas CO2 from the plant, roughly 200,000 tonnes of it biogenic and so counted as negative emissions — once construction finishes; this is a planned/design capacity, not yet a measured operating result, since the capture facility itself has not been built. Captured CO2 is to be taken to the Port of Oslo and shipped to the Northern Lights terminal in Øygarden for permanent storage beneath the North Sea seabed.

🎓 Lesson

Klemetsrud's pause was a budget problem, and so was its fix: work stopped in 2023 when cost estimates exceeded the ceiling in the state funding agreement, and resumed only after a cost-reduction phase and a revised deal under which the state carries no further overrun risk and pays NOK 900 million of its support only once the plant is completed.

⚡ EnergyHeat & coolingWaste & recycling

Sources

↗ CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project pageOfficial state programme page: current owner, construction status, 350,000 t/yr capacity, Q3 2029 target, 2023 pause.
↗ Hafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB)Published 27 January 2025Operator's own release: 24 Jan 2025 FID, capacity, full funding breakdown by state/municipality/company.
↗ Gassnova — Klemetsrud carbon capture agreement signedPublished 30 June 2022State agency page confirming Klemetsrud's place in the Longship programme and the Northern Lights transport/storage link.
↗ City of Oslo — Klima Oslo (city climate agency)Published 13 June 2022 · updated 13 March 2024City of Oslo's own account of the plant's 17% share of the city's direct emissions and the 2023 delay.
↗ CCS Norway — 'Celsio puts Klemetsrud carbon capture project on hold'Published 28 April 2023Documents the spring 2023 pause over rising cost estimates.
Show 1 more sourcesShow fewer
↗ CCS Norway (Gassnova) — Langskip: Gjenopptar CO₂-fangstprosjektet i Oslo (27 Jan 2025)Gassnova news item on the restart: under the revised support agreement the state gives no further grants or risk relief if costs overrun, and NOK 900 million of the state support is paid as a start-up grant on completion.

📅 How old is the evidence?

Two clocks, kept apart: when this entry’s sources were published, and what has happened to its record in the atlas. Documented span: since 2022. 5 of 6 sources carry a publication date, from 13 June 2022 to 27 January 2025.

When the sources were published

  1. Klimaetaten, Oslo kommune (Klima Oslo) · city governmentCity of Oslo — Klima Oslo (city climate agency) · updated 13 March 2024
  2. Gassnova · national governmentGassnova — Klemetsrud carbon capture agreement signed
  3. Gassnova · national governmentCCS Norway — 'Celsio puts Klemetsrud carbon capture project on hold'
  4. NTB Kommunikasjon · platformHafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB)
  5. CCS Norway (Gassnova) — Langskip: Gjenopptar CO₂-fangstprosjektet i Oslo (27 Jan 2025)

Every source, with links ↑

What happened to this record

  1. Entered the record
  2. Sources last read

Every revision, permanent →

Show your work What this page rests on and what it can’t tell you · all 20 claims with their sources · the forensic record

Evidence file · public beta 20 addressable claims, 6 source dossiers, one permanent baseline. The file is unreviewed — an AI-assisted structural migration, not a human or expert endorsement. Every revision keeps a permanent copy under revision history.

Inspect the claims, one by one — verbatim text, sources and caveats for all 20

The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.

Claim 1 clm-2ff4dfe11feea738 descriptive
Hafslund Celsio (formerly Hafslund Oslo Celsio)
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The state programme page names the company 'Hafslund Celsio (earlier Hafslund Oslo Celsio)'.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
Claim 2 clm-fc8e823c2c6d17b6 descriptive
is fitting its Klemetsrud waste-to-energy plant
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Both describe a carbon capture facility being built at the Klemetsrud waste-to-energy plant in Oslo.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
  2. Hafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB)
Claim 3 clm-a9d91578b2e3a612 descriptive
Oslo's single largest greenhouse-gas emitter
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Oslo's climate agency calls the Klemetsrud waste-to-energy plant the single largest greenhouse-gas emitter in the city.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. City of Oslo — Klima Oslo (city climate agency)
Claim 4 clm-2e8780d3a04a1a6a quantitative
source of 17% of the city's direct emissions
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Klima Oslo: seventeen percent of Oslo's direct greenhouse-gas emissions come from waste incineration at Klemetsrud; Gassnova's 2022 item gives the same 17%.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. City of Oslo — Klima Oslo (city climate agency)
  2. Gassnova — Klemetsrud carbon capture agreement signed
Claim 6 clm-4a27bdb2d781a3b5 quantitative
Paused in 2023 over rising costs
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Gassnova reported on 28 April 2023 that an updated cost estimate exceeded the funding agreement's maximum budget and the project would be put on hold; the project page says it was put on hold in spring 2023 due to increased cost estimates.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway — 'Celsio puts Klemetsrud carbon capture project on hold'
  2. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
Claim 7 clm-0dd1cb3766da6d1a quantitative
the project restarted after a January 2025 investment decision
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The operator's release states that on Friday 24 January the board made the final investment decision, and on 27 January the state support and supplier agreements were signed.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Hafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB)
Claim 8 clm-fd83b4ff8a6f51fe descriptive
civil works are under way
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The state programme page says civil work is progressing as planned.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
Claim 9 clm-723c57a9c698d9bd quantitative
construction of the capture facility itself was scheduled to start in spring 2026
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The page states that construction of the capture facility will start in spring 2026.
Caveat
Schedule as stated by the state CCS programme in early 2026; a confirmed start date was not found.

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
Claim 10 clm-38f0a0fd1435c037 quantitative
operation is targeted for the third quarter of 2029
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Both state the plant is scheduled to be in operation by the third quarter of 2029.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
  2. Hafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB)
Claim 11 clm-9a9444f77d683e77 quantitative
with captured CO2 shipped to offshore storage
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The captured CO2 will be shipped to Northern Lights' receiving terminal in Øygarden and permanently stored beneath the seabed.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
Claim 13 clm-76aed0bf193de674 quantitative
about 90% of the flue-gas CO2 from the plant
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The operator says the facility will capture 90% of all CO2 in the flue gas from the waste-to-energy plant.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Hafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB)
Claim 14 clm-1470993a351307f5 quantitative
roughly 200,000 tonnes of it biogenic and so counted as negative emissions
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The project page says about 60% of the plant's roughly 400,000 tonnes of annual CO2 is biogenic, so the project will remove around 200,000 tonnes of biogenic CO2 from the carbon cycle each year, presented as negative emissions (BECCS).
Caveat
The operator's own release puts the split at roughly half permanent removal and half fossil reduction.

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
Claim 15 clm-f13a2aa51ec70fe4 descriptive
since the capture facility itself has not been built
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The page says construction of the capture facility was to start in spring 2026 and operation is scheduled for Q3 2029.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
Claim 16 clm-92ba25f198255084 quantitative
Captured CO2 is to be taken to the Port of Oslo and shipped to the Northern Lights terminal in Øygarden for permanent storage beneath the North Sea seabed.
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The operator describes a local logistics solution taking captured CO2 to a new CO2 terminal at the Port of Oslo, where Northern Lights collects it and transports it to its terminal in Øygarden for permanent storage below the North Sea seabed.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Hafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB)
  2. CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page
Claim 17 clm-02d85206d7d41034 quantitative
work stopped in 2023 when cost estimates exceeded the ceiling in the state funding agreement
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Gassnova: the updated cost estimate showed the project would exceed the maximum budget stipulated in its government funding agreement, and Celsio put it on hold.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway — 'Celsio puts Klemetsrud carbon capture project on hold'
Claim 18 clm-551a468e741ad6ae descriptive
resumed only after a cost-reduction phase
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The operator says the project entered a cost-reduction phase in April 2023 and reduced costs by about NOK 1 billion before the January 2025 decision.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Hafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB)
  2. CCS Norway — 'Celsio puts Klemetsrud carbon capture project on hold'
Claim 19 clm-18cab717d7d18e54 descriptive
a revised deal under which the state carries no further overrun risk
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Gassnova says that under the revised support agreement the state will not contribute further grants or risk relief in the event of cost overruns.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway (Gassnova) — Langskip: Gjenopptar CO₂-fangstprosjektet i Oslo (27 Jan 2025)
Claim 20 clm-28ad4c0f3c333469 quantitative
pays NOK 900 million of its support only once the plant is completed
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Gassnova says NOK 900 million of the state support will be paid as a start-up grant when the plant is completed, to strengthen incentives and reduce the state's financial risk.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CCS Norway (Gassnova) — Langskip: Gjenopptar CO₂-fangstprosjektet i Oslo (27 Jan 2025)
Forensic record — source dossiers, gaps, hashes and the exact revision this page renders

This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.

unreviewed Revision 2026-10-05-baseline effective 2026-10-05 · created 2026-10-05

Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.

sha256:6009803554d9d79968aa7889250e4548c5a347a5fd3f456bdd0afa63e57e60b0
Revision history → Permanent version link → Machine-readable record → Evidence Constitution →
20
of 20 claims mapped
6
source dossiers
5
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Governance facts carried by the record

Operator
Hafslund Oslo Celsio (formerly Fortum Oslo Varme; owned by Hafslund Eco 60%, Infranode 20%, HitecVision 20%)
Actor types
utility, private, national-government, city-government
Funding model
Not recorded
Funding description
Norwegian state 'Longship' (Langskip) programme (~NOK 2.5bn capex support + ~NOK 4.4bn over 10 years for opex/transport/storage) + Oslo Municipality (NOK 2.6bn via preference shares) + Hafslund Celsio equity (NOK 4.3bn) — no confirmed EU funding for this specific project (an EU Innovation Fund application was unsuccessful in 2021)
Cost
≈NOK 9.5bn (2024 value, P85 budget)
Ownership
Not recorded
Decision rights
Not recorded
Exit conditions
Not recorded

6 source dossiers

CCS Norway / Gassnova (Norwegian state CCS programme) — Klemetsrud project page ccsnorway.com · 12 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-d860998c97e2689b
Publisher
Name not classified · ccsnorway.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-05
Dossier created
2026-10-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Official state programme page: current owner, construction status, 350,000 t/yr capacity, Q3 2029 target, 2023 pause.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Hafslund Oslo Celsio — final investment decision announcement (via NTB) kommunikasjon.ntb.no · 7 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-7a816c75d4f6c84b
Publisher
Name not classified · kommunikasjon.ntb.no
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2025-01-27
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-05
Dossier created
2026-10-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Operator's own release: 24 Jan 2025 FID, capacity, full funding breakdown by state/municipality/company.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Gassnova — Klemetsrud carbon capture agreement signed gassnova.no · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-8f02e70c12d101f9
Publisher
Name not classified · gassnova.no
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2022-06-30
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-05
Dossier created
2026-10-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

State agency page confirming Klemetsrud's place in the Longship programme and the Northern Lights transport/storage link.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
City of Oslo — Klima Oslo (city climate agency) klimaoslo.no · 3 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-79e40c9bbb28725c
Publisher
Name not classified · klimaoslo.no
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2022-06-13
Updated
2024-03-13
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-05
Dossier created
2026-10-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

City of Oslo's own account of the plant's 17% share of the city's direct emissions and the 2023 delay.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
CCS Norway — 'Celsio puts Klemetsrud carbon capture project on hold' ccsnorway.com · 3 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-51d75243fd19fb4e
Publisher
Name not classified · ccsnorway.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2023-04-28
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-05
Dossier created
2026-10-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Documents the spring 2023 pause over rising cost estimates.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
CCS Norway (Gassnova) — Langskip: Gjenopptar CO₂-fangstprosjektet i Oslo (27 Jan 2025) ccsnorway.com · 2 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-85beb9d1ee4bdb29
Publisher
Name not classified · ccsnorway.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2025-01-27
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-05
Dossier created
2026-10-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Gassnova news item on the restart: under the revised support agreement the state gives no further grants or risk relief if costs overrun, and NOK 900 million of the state support is paid as a start-up grant on completion.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Known limits of this file
  • Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.
  • Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.
  • A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.
  • The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim.

Continue exploring

Compare this project

🇳🇴 Optical Waste Sorting by Bag Colour (Haraldrud & Klemetsrud) · Oslo Same site, different layer: this sorts recyclables from bags before the rest is burned next door for heat, now with carbon capture. 🇳🇴 Oslo Climate Budget · Oslo The climate budget is the accountability tool that will track whether Klemetsrud's captured tonnes ever materialize by 2030. 🇬🇧 Bristol Heat Network — District Heating the Council Built and Sold · Bristol Two district-heating decarbonisation bets whose delivery hangs on who owns the plant when the capital call arrives.

Explore the wider context

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📎 Cite this project

1001 Smart Cities (2026). “Klemetsrud Waste-to-Energy Carbon Capture (CCS)” — Oslo, Norway. The Smart City Atlas. https://1001smartcities.org/projects/oslo-klemetsrud-carbon-capture/ (last verified 2026-10-05). Data: CC BY 4.0.

The underlying data is free to reuse with attribution — see the open data page.

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