Permanent project revision

bip! — Santiago's Fare Card and Its Published Evasion Index

Revision 2026-08-20-evidence-baseline · effective 2026-07-26

Current revision. This is the snapshot used by the live entity page.

unreviewed

Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 5 claims and 11 source dossiers.

sha256:c38804536b477e7f74bc32f6486e0b4822740f6f6b51913d8f75698b0d67d3b4

All revisions → Current entity page →

Change set

add /evidencePassport — Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers.
add /revisionHistory — Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision.

5: of 5 claims mapped
11: source dossiers
5: publication dates recorded
0: archives linked
0: exact locators
0: content captures hashed

Claims, one by one

The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.

Claim 1 clm-6179ee08c26d15b6 quantitative

It put unpaid boardings at 45.8 percent in the first half of 2023 and 34.9 percent in the second half of 2025

Published field: snippet · verbatim
Mapping: mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says: The authority's notice announces the fifth consecutive fall in the evasion index; the index page itself publishes the semiannual series the entry reads the two figures from.
Caveat: Authority self-measurement under a method the ministry fixed itself.

Sources carrying this claim

Red Movilidad / MTT — fifth consecutive fall in evasion (authority)
DTPM — Indice de Evasion (authority)

Claim 2 clm-5deca3166ecb3434 quantitative

since 13 February 2026 contactless Visa and Mastercard cards, wallets and smartwatches open Metro and Tren Nos gates

Published field: snippet · verbatim
Mapping: mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says: The state rail operator's notice dates the start of bank-card payment on the Metro and Tren Nos to Friday 13 February 2026, and says buses follow in a second stage at the end of the year.
Caveat: No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

EFE Trenes de Chile — bank card payment begins on Metro and Tren Nos (state rail operator)

Claim 3 clm-a998022049eec3bc quantitative

DTPM's semiannual index of unpaid boardings on Red Movilidad buses fell from 45.8 percent in the first half of 2023 to 37.5 percent in the second half of 2024 and 34.9 percent in the second half of 2025, the fifth consecutive fall

Published field: impact · verbatim
Mapping: mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says: The authority's index page publishes each semester as its own release, including the second half of 2025 the entry ends the series on; the ministry notice supplies the 'fifth consecutive fall' framing.
Caveat: No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

DTPM — Indice de Evasion (authority)
Red Movilidad / MTT — fifth consecutive fall in evasion (authority)

Claim 4 clm-52c3cb30610bb5e1 quantitative

Diario Financiero reported on 19 July 2026 that bip! had fallen to 63 percent of validations from 93 percent in 2022, with QR at 29 percent and bank cards at 8 percent

Published field: impact · verbatim
Mapping: mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says: All three shares stand in one sentence of the 19 July 2026 report.
Caveat: No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

Diario Financiero — the slow retreat of the bip! card (19 July 2026)

Claim 5 clm-02ffbe51fd17593d descriptive

The authority's answer is to measure the gap by a separate published method rather than infer ridership from the card alone

Published field: lesson · verbatim
Mapping: mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says: The origin-destination tables state their own method and limits, and the evasion index is published separately from them — the two-track approach the lesson describes.
Caveat: No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

DTPM — Matrices de Viaje (authority, the data layer)
DTPM — Indice de Evasion (authority)

Source dossiers and revision state

This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.

unreviewed Revision 2026-08-20-evidence-baseline effective 2026-07-26 · created 2026-08-20

Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.

sha256:c38804536b477e7f74bc32f6486e0b4822740f6f6b51913d8f75698b0d67d3b4

Revision history → Permanent version link → Machine-readable record → Evidence Constitution →

5: of 5 claims mapped
11: source dossiers
5: publication dates recorded
0: archives linked
0: exact locators
0: content captures hashed

Governance facts carried by the record

Operator: Directorio de Transporte Publico Metropolitano (DTPM), Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications
Actor types: utility
Funding model: public
Funding description: Not recorded
Cost: Not recorded
Ownership: Not recorded
Decision rights: Not recorded
Exit conditions: Not recorded

11 source dossiers

DTPM — Indice de Evasion (authority) dtpm.cl · 3 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-b27fba65a65da144
Publisher: Name not classified · dtpm.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: Not recorded
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
The load-bearing source for the spine. Lists the semiannual evasion reports from the first half of 2022 through the second half of 2025 and names the methodology as fixed by Ministry of Transport resolutions 2853/2022 and 2658/2023. The report title confirms the index covers buses only. The underlying PDF (dtpm.cl/archivos/Evasion 2023.pdf) downloaded but could not be parsed by the fetch tool, so no sampling or field-method detail is claimed here.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: clm-6179ee08c26d15b6
clm-a998022049eec3bc
clm-02ffbe51fd17593d

Red Movilidad / MTT — fifth consecutive fall in evasion (authority) red.cl · 2 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-b310d397cf5017af
Publisher: Name not classified · red.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: 2026-01-22
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Source of the 34.9 percent figure for the second half of 2025, the fifth consecutive decrease, and the 45.8 percent 2023 baseline. Also the enforcement figures: roughly 520,000 evasion checks in 2025, more than 400 monitored paid zones, 1,000 extra rear-door validators extending the June 2024 pilot of 615 buses toward 28 percent of the fleet by March 2026, and a bill sent to Congress. The parallel MTT page at mtt.gob.cl/archivos/38283 returned 503.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: clm-6179ee08c26d15b6
clm-a998022049eec3bc

Sochitran — fare evasion in metropolitan public transport (29 May 2025) sochitran.cl · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-e87a00ee5db3ad07
Publisher: Name not classified · sochitran.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: Not recorded
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Chilean transport engineering society. Gives 37.5 percent for the second half of 2024 and states it is 8.3 points below the index for the first half of 2023, which is how the 45.8 percent figure is placed in the first half of 2023 rather than the year as a whole. Confirms the semiannual reporting interval. Does not describe the field methodology.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: Background source; no baseline claim points here

DTPM — validations rose 4.7 percent in the first half of 2025 (authority) dtpm.cl · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-e6905f90c1f31b1b
Publisher: Name not classified · dtpm.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: Not recorded
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Announced by the transport minister on 7 July 2025. Source of the 330 million bus validations for January to June 2025 and the 4.7 percent year-on-year rise, plus more than 283,000 controls carried out with Carabineros and about 27,000 citations to local police courts for non-payment. The period the control figures cover is stated loosely in the original, so the entry attributes them to the July 2025 report rather than to a fixed period.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: Background source; no baseline claim points here

DTPM — Matrices de Viaje (authority, the data layer) dtpm.cl · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-58756e2d203f493b
Publisher: Name not classified · dtpm.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: Not recorded
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Confirms the published data layer is real and derived from the card: trip tables, stage tables and boarding/alighting tables by stop or station in 30-minute periods, built from GPS and from 'uso del medio de acceso (tarjeta bip! y otros medios de pago)', covering 2011 to the week of 11-17 April 2026. Also carries the entry's key admission that the tables exclude unregistered, that is evaded, journeys. The dtpm.gob.cl mirror of this page returned 503; dtpm.cl serves it.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: clm-02ffbe51fd17593d

EFE Trenes de Chile — bank card payment begins on Metro and Tren Nos (state rail operator) efe.cl · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-1d8bf50019745a47
Publisher: Name not classified · efe.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: 2026-02-12
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Primary source for the open-loop launch: Pago Agil live 13 February 2026 on Metro de Santiago and Tren Nos-Estacion Central, 48 turnstiles across 10 stations, Visa and Mastercard debit, credit and prepaid in physical, digital wallet and smartwatch form, same fares as bip!, transfers preserved only if the same device is used, buses in a second phase at year-end, and the minister's statement that benefit fares are not included for now. The Ministry of Transport's own page on the same launch (mtt.gob.cl) returned 503.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: clm-5deca3166ecb3434

Red Movilidad — all accepted means of payment (operator) red.cl · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-8df5c0fbb1a3b378
Publisher: Name not classified · red.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: 2023-07-28
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Confirms the fare products in force in 2026: bip!, the student card TNE and senior card TAM, QR payment through mobile apps and a BancoEstado virtual ticket, and the rule that one fare covers bus, Metro and Tren Nos with transfers within two hours. Also lists the 19 recharge channels, including the Metro MUV wallet.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: Background source; no baseline claim points here

Diario Financiero — the slow retreat of the bip! card (19 July 2026) df.cl · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-9f45745a0857fa6f
Publisher: Name not classified · df.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: 2026-07-19
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Press, and the only source located for the payment-mix shares: bip! 63 percent of validations, QR 29 percent, bank cards 8 percent in 2026, against bip! 93 percent and QR 7 percent in 2022; 2,153,005 cards manufactured in 2025 against 2,168,000 sold in 2024. Also the source for AFT's shareholding (BancoEstado 21 percent, Banco de Chile 20, BCI 20, Santander 20, Sonda 9.5, CMR Falabella 9.5) and for the statement that a 2022 retendering of Red Movilidad's collection system ended the AFT-led model. It does not name the current collection contractor.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: clm-52c3cb30610bb5e1

DTPM — Historia del Sistema (authority) dtpm.cl · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-020b118dc6a0b7e4
Publisher: Name not classified · dtpm.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: Not recorded
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Basis for yearStart: the system began operating in February 2007, integrating urban buses with Metro under one electronic payment system, with bip! as the single means of access, and records that financial administration services were tendered in 2005.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: Background source; no baseline claim points here

DTPM — AFT contract file (authority) dtpm.cl · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-b943124fe2d0f182
Publisher: Name not classified · dtpm.cl
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: Not recorded
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
The contract file itself, listing the AFT contract and its resolutions and modifications from 2012 to 2023. It does not state a termination date or name a successor, which is why the entry attributes the end of the AFT model to Diario Financiero rather than asserting it as an official fact.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: Background source; no baseline claim points here

Al Jazeera — what prompted the Chile protests (30 October 2019) aljazeera.com · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID: src-4d99742b3348eb90
Publisher: Name not classified · aljazeera.com
Type / language: web-page · language not classified
Published: 2019-10-30
Updated: Not recorded
Source last checked: No source-level check date
Record last verified: 2026-07-26
Dossier created: 2026-08-20
Retrieved copy: No local capture recorded
Archive: No archived copy linked
Content hash: No captured content hash
Locator: Open the recorded source note
Context only, kept short and factual: a 30-peso rise in the peak Metro fare in early October 2019 was met by organised mass turnstile-jumping by students, and the escalation led to a state of emergency. Used for the fare rise and the evasion protests; no station damage count is claimed, as this source gives none.
Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked: Background source; no baseline claim points here

Known limits of this passport

Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.
Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.
A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.
The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim.