1001 Smart Cities

Permanent project revision

Seine Bathing-Water Sensing & Public Swimming Return

Revision 2026-08-27-claims-and-sources · effective 2026-08-27

Superseded. A later revision exists: 2026-08-27-source-dating →

unreviewed

Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 8 claims and 5 source dossiers.

sha256:c9d4063982bf14ad901d5d60c9d66910dd14e72cb1beed95610eeb241b90cafb
All revisions → Current entity page →

Change set

  • add /evidencePassport — Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers.
  • add /revisionHistory — Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision.
8
of 8 claims mapped
5
source dossiers
1
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Claims, one by one

The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.

Claim 1 clm-1ba7a30a0268a540 quantitative
Paris reopened the Seine to public swimming in the summer of 2025, the first legal bathing in the river in central Paris after a ban lasting more than a century
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The report covers the reopening on 5 July 2025 and the length of the ban it ended.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Al Jazeera — River Seine reopens to Paris swimmers after Olympics and a century-long ban (5 July 2025)
Claim 2 clm-587845a3ba4c4982 quantitative
in 2026 at the bras Marie, at Grenelle and at Bercy, open from 4 July to 30 August, free to enter
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The city dossier names the three 2026 pools, the season dates and free entry.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Ville de Paris — Baignade dans la Seine: what to know before swimming this summer (authority)
Claim 3 clm-9436e9e56f9f4d9c descriptive
Samples are taken from the river every day and analysed in a laboratory for Escherichia coli and enterococci against the thresholds recommended by the regional health authority under the European bathing-water directive
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The city's explanation of the daily check names both bacteria, the laboratory analysis and the ARS thresholds under the European directive.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Ville de Paris — how the water quality of the Seine is analysed, with the published bulletins (authority)
Claim 4 clm-ecb6759ecac3869f descriptive
automated real-time measurement, field observation at and around the sites and hydro-meteorological tracking sit around that laboratory result
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The city lists real-time automated measurement, field observation on and near the sites and pollution-source checks alongside the laboratory results; the 2026 press release adds sensors installed upstream of the Seine sites and hydro-meteorological monitoring, under the health authority's control.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Ville de Paris — how the water quality of the Seine is analysed, with the published bulletins (authority)
  2. Ville de Paris press office — eight bathing sites for the 2026 season, with the review of the 2025 season (authority)
Claim 5 clm-fd0ca1cc69bc5ff8 quantitative
Across July and August 2025, the first season, the three Paris sites were open on about two thirds of the days and drew close to 100,000 swimmers, in weather the city itself calls unfavourable for July
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The season review gives the opening rate, the number of bathers and the July weather in the same sentence.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Ville de Paris press office — eight bathing sites for the 2026 season, with the review of the 2025 season (authority)
Claim 6 clm-37751bd1ec576027 quantitative
Île-de-France ran seven permanent bathing sites on the Seine and the Marne that year and eight in 2026
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
Stated in the release's own headline and repeated in the season review.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Ville de Paris press office — eight bathing sites for the 2026 season, with the review of the 2025 season (authority)
Claim 7 clm-529c122ffc942213 descriptive
the results posted at the entrance to each site are the health authority's own regulatory sampling, run in parallel with the city's
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The city states that a regulatory monitoring programme is carried out directly by the ARS and that it is those results that are displayed at the entrance to each bathing site.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Ville de Paris — how the water quality of the Seine is analysed, with the published bulletins (authority)
Claim 8 clm-0b601da93bdaadd0 quantitative
sewer works under the bathing plan launched in 2016 — network upgrades, connecting the Paris river ports and the boats moored there to the sewer, wet-weather storage basins and the correction of wrong connections — came to a total commitment of close to €1.3 billion
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The release lists the categories of work and gives the total commitment since the plan began.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Ville de Paris press office — eight bathing sites for the 2026 season, with the review of the 2025 season (authority)

Source dossiers and revision state

This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.

unreviewed Revision 2026-08-27-claims-and-sources effective 2026-08-27 · created 2026-08-27

Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.

Erratum on this revision's envelope. The snapshot, its hash and its permanent link are untouched.

  • createdAt previously read 2026-09-05T09:00:00Z. The batching script that produced this revision advanced createdAt into the future to satisfy the strictly-increasing order the validator requires per entity. The value never recorded a real event; the corrected value is the moment the revision provably existed in the repository. Corrected to 2026-08-27T05:08:04Z on 2026-08-27; evidence: first appears in commit 9d2e71d171, committed 2026-08-27T05:08:04Z.
sha256:c9d4063982bf14ad901d5d60c9d66910dd14e72cb1beed95610eeb241b90cafb
Revision history → Permanent version link → Machine-readable record → Evidence Constitution →
8
of 8 claims mapped
5
source dossiers
1
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Governance facts carried by the record

Operator
Ville de Paris
Actor types
city-government
Funding model
public
Funding description
Not recorded
Cost
Not recorded
Ownership
Not recorded
Decision rights
Not recorded
Exit conditions
Not recorded

5 source dossiers

Ville de Paris — Baignade dans la Seine: what to know before swimming this summer (authority) paris.fr · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-a3c45512fa30db51
Publisher
Name not classified · paris.fr
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-27
Dossier created
2026-09-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Official dossier: sites, daily testing, upstream sensors, ARS oversight, flag system.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Fluidion — Monitoring the Seine River in Paris (vendor case study) fluidion.com · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-e0bc97eb4cb19b3e
Publisher
Name not classified · fluidion.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-27
Dossier created
2026-09-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

In-situ automated ALERT E. coli/enterococci sensors and Seine open-data initiative.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Background source; no baseline claim points here
Al Jazeera — River Seine reopens to Paris swimmers after Olympics and a century-long ban (5 July 2025) aljazeera.com · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-60c4d47654d66bd2
Publisher
Name not classified · aljazeera.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2025-07-05
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-27
Dossier created
2026-09-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Reopening after century-long ban; ~€1.4bn cleanup investment; daily sensor + sample testing.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Ville de Paris — how the water quality of the Seine is analysed, with the published bulletins (authority) paris.fr · 3 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-de8d9452cfbaa8a8
Publisher
Name not classified · paris.fr
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
2026-08-19
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-27
Dossier created
2026-09-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Daily sampling analysed in a laboratory for Escherichia coli and enterococci against the regional health authority's thresholds under the European bathing-water directive; the health authority's own parallel regulatory sampling is what is displayed at each site entrance; real-time automated measurement, field observation and hydro-meteorological tracking alongside; the published water-quality bulletins.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Ville de Paris press office — eight bathing sites for the 2026 season, with the review of the 2025 season (authority) presse.paris.fr · 4 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-dbe3b29e6c3eb67d
Publisher
Name not classified · presse.paris.fr
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
2026-06-05
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-27
Dossier created
2026-09-05
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Review of the 2025 season: the three Paris sites open on average two thirds of the days in July and August, close to 100,000 bathers, unfavourable July weather; seven permanent bathing sites on the Seine and Marne in 2025 and eight in 2026; sewer works under the bathing plan launched in 2016 totalling close to €1.3 billion.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Known limits of this passport
  • Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.
  • Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.
  • A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.
  • The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim.