{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "paris-seine-bathing-monitoring",
  "title": "Seine Bathing-Water Sensing & Public Swimming Return",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/paris-seine-bathing-monitoring/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-27-source-dating",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-27-claims-and-sources",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-27T05:08:04Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-27",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 8 claims and 5 source dossiers.",
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   },
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    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
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      "schema",
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    },
    "projectState": {
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     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
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      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Ville de Paris",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government"
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     "exitConditions": null
    },
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      "text": "Paris reopened the Seine to public swimming in the summer of 2025, the first legal bathing in the river in central Paris after a ban lasting more than a century",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      ],
      "supportNote": "The report covers the reopening on 5 July 2025 and the length of the ban it ended.",
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      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-587845a3ba4c4982",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "in 2026 at the bras Marie, at Grenelle and at Bercy, open from 4 July to 30 August, free to enter",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
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      "supportNote": "The city dossier names the three 2026 pools, the season dates and free entry.",
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       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-9436e9e56f9f4d9c",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Samples are taken from the river every day and analysed in a laboratory for Escherichia coli and enterococci against the thresholds recommended by the regional health authority under the European bathing-water directive",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
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      "supportNote": "The city's explanation of the daily check names both bacteria, the laboratory analysis and the ARS thresholds under the European directive.",
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     {
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      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "automated real-time measurement, field observation at and around the sites and hydro-meteorological tracking sit around that laboratory result",
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      "text": "Across July and August 2025, the first season, the three Paris sites were open on about two thirds of the days and drew close to 100,000 swimmers, in weather the city itself calls unfavourable for July",
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      "supportNote": "The season review gives the opening rate, the number of bathers and the July weather in the same sentence.",
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       "added": false,
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      "field": "impact",
      "text": "Île-de-France ran seven permanent bathing sites on the Seine and the Marne that year and eight in 2026",
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      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "the results posted at the entrance to each site are the health authority's own regulatory sampling, run in parallel with the city's",
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      "supportNote": "The city states that a regulatory monitoring programme is carried out directly by the ARS and that it is those results that are displayed at the entrance to each bathing site.",
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       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-0b601da93bdaadd0",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "sewer works under the bathing plan launched in 2016 — network upgrades, connecting the Paris river ports and the boats moored there to the sewer, wet-weather storage basins and the correction of wrong connections — came to a total commitment of close to €1.3 billion",
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "src-a3c45512fa30db51",
      "title": "Ville de Paris — Baignade dans la Seine: what to know before swimming this summer (authority)",
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      "id": "src-e0bc97eb4cb19b3e",
      "title": "Fluidion — Monitoring the Seine River in Paris (vendor case study)",
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      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "In-situ automated ALERT E. coli/enterococci sensors and Seine open-data initiative.",
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     {
      "id": "src-60c4d47654d66bd2",
      "title": "Al Jazeera — River Seine reopens to Paris swimmers after Olympics and a century-long ban (5 July 2025)",
      "url": "https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/7/5/river-seine-reopens-to-paris-swimmers-after-olympics-century-long-ban",
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       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Reopening after century-long ban; ~€1.4bn cleanup investment; daily sensor + sample testing.",
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-de8d9452cfbaa8a8",
      "title": "Ville de Paris — how the water quality of the Seine is analysed, with the published bulletins (authority)",
      "url": "https://www.paris.fr/pages/baignade-dans-la-seine-consultez-les-chiffres-detailles-lies-a-la-qualite-de-l-eau-32052",
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       "name": null,
       "domain": "paris.fr",
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       "updatedAt": "2026-08-19",
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       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Daily sampling analysed in a laboratory for Escherichia coli and enterococci against the regional health authority's thresholds under the European bathing-water directive; the health authority's own parallel regulatory sampling is what is displayed at each site entrance; real-time automated measurement, field observation and hydro-meteorological tracking alongside; the published water-quality bulletins.",
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      "title": "Ville de Paris press office — eight bathing sites for the 2026 season, with the review of the 2025 season (authority)",
      "url": "https://presse.paris.fr/communiques/reouverture-des-sites-de-baignade-en-ile-de-france-8-sites-ouverts-pour-la-saison-2026",
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       "name": null,
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      "language": "und",
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       "updatedAt": "2026-06-05",
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      "locator": {
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       "value": "Review of the 2025 season: the three Paris sites open on average two thirds of the days in July and August, close to 100,000 bathers, unfavourable July weather; seven permanent bathing sites on the Seine and Marne in 2025 and eight in 2026; sewer works under the bathing plan launched in 2016 totalling close to €1.3 billion.",
       "exact": false
      },
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       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
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    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 8,
     "claimsMapped": 8,
     "sourcesTotal": 5,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 4,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 1,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-27-source-dating",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-27T13:37:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-27",
   "changeType": "correction",
   "summary": "Every source on this entry now carries a date key: a publication date where the publisher states one, otherwise an explicit null with the reason on the record.",
   "preparedBy": {
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    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
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    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/sources",
     "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record."
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   ],
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   "snapshot": {
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    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
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    },
    "projectState": {
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     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
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      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Ville de Paris",
     "actorTypes": [
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     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": null,
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    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-1ba7a30a0268a540",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Paris reopened the Seine to public swimming in the summer of 2025, the first legal bathing in the river in central Paris after a ban lasting more than a century",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      ],
      "supportNote": "The report covers the reopening on 5 July 2025 and the length of the ban it ended.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-587845a3ba4c4982",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "in 2026 at the bras Marie, at Grenelle and at Bercy, open from 4 July to 30 August, free to enter",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "The city dossier names the three 2026 pools, the season dates and free entry.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-9436e9e56f9f4d9c",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Samples are taken from the river every day and analysed in a laboratory for Escherichia coli and enterococci against the thresholds recommended by the regional health authority under the European bathing-water directive",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-de8d9452cfbaa8a8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The city's explanation of the daily check names both bacteria, the laboratory analysis and the ARS thresholds under the European directive.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-ecb6759ecac3869f",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "automated real-time measurement, field observation at and around the sites and hydro-meteorological tracking sit around that laboratory result",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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       "src-dbe3b29e6c3eb67d"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The city lists real-time automated measurement, field observation on and near the sites and pollution-source checks alongside the laboratory results; the 2026 press release adds sensors installed upstream of the Seine sites and hydro-meteorological monitoring, under the health authority's control.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-fd0ca1cc69bc5ff8",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "Across July and August 2025, the first season, the three Paris sites were open on about two thirds of the days and drew close to 100,000 swimmers, in weather the city itself calls unfavourable for July",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-dbe3b29e6c3eb67d"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The season review gives the opening rate, the number of bathers and the July weather in the same sentence.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-37751bd1ec576027",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "Île-de-France ran seven permanent bathing sites on the Seine and the Marne that year and eight in 2026",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-dbe3b29e6c3eb67d"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Stated in the release's own headline and repeated in the season review.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-529c122ffc942213",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "the results posted at the entrance to each site are the health authority's own regulatory sampling, run in parallel with the city's",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-de8d9452cfbaa8a8"
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      "supportNote": "The city states that a regulatory monitoring programme is carried out directly by the ARS and that it is those results that are displayed at the entrance to each bathing site.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-0b601da93bdaadd0",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "sewer works under the bathing plan launched in 2016 — network upgrades, connecting the Paris river ports and the boats moored there to the sewer, wet-weather storage basins and the correction of wrong connections — came to a total commitment of close to €1.3 billion",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
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       "value": "Review of the 2025 season: the three Paris sites open on average two thirds of the days in July and August, close to 100,000 bathers, unfavourable July weather; seven permanent bathing sites on the Seine and Marne in 2025 and eight in 2026; sewer works under the bathing plan launched in 2016 totalling close to €1.3 billion.",
       "exact": false
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     "claimsMapped": 8,
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     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 4,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 1,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
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     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
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     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
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 ]
}