Permanent project revision
Revision 2026-08-27-claims-and-sources · effective 2026-08-27
Superseded. A later revision exists: 2026-08-27-correction-run →
Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 8 claims and 2 source dossiers.
sha256:06a7156e6f5a5db2ada9806857f3f0db2b211af00e9dcf5d6b4c9fdd6caf5ac7
add /evidencePassport — Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers.add /revisionHistory — Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision.The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.
clm-e97065bd429af605
quantitative
In September 2014 the City of Milan and the utility A2A announced that all 141,000 city-managed street lights would carry LEDs by August 2015, with 80% of them done by the opening of the Milan Expo that May
clm-ef72a0cebe6cec20
descriptive
the first large Italian city to be lit entirely by LED, as the announcement put it
clm-f6c2616354ee0b40
quantitative
A2A's own project page reports the retrofit as 136,000 luminaires, at a colour temperature of 4000K, a rated life of 50,000 hours and 100 lumens per watt, with no light emitted upwards
clm-7530ac5fbdba1abb
quantitative
A2A, the utility that carried out the retrofit and the only party to have published a result, reports that it cut electricity consumption for public lighting by more than 50%, equivalent to more than 11,000 tonnes of oil equivalent saved a year, and avoided more than 23,000 tonnes of CO2
clm-9131873ff4cb347a
descriptive
No baseline year, measurement method or independent check is given with those figures
clm-05780029bc7a9a85
quantitative
The per-capita consumption falling from 87 to 42 kilowatt hours, the €10 million the city stood to save in the first year, the €38 million A2A would invest over two years: all of it was said in September 2014, before a single lamp was counted, and all of it is written in the future tense in the report it comes from
clm-dd45365272210ac0
quantitative
the two accounts do not even agree on how many lights there are: 141,000 planned, 136,000 reported
clm-70422ffb86c9e64e
descriptive
It sets out the lamp, its colour temperature, its life and its efficiency, and the energy that saves; there is nothing about dimming, scheduling or fault detection
This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.
Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.
Erratum on this revision's envelope. The snapshot, its hash and its permanent link are untouched.
sha256:06a7156e6f5a5db2ada9806857f3f0db2b211af00e9dcf5d6b4c9fdd6caf5ac7
src-8f0164d26d1bb741Press: 141,000 lights, A2A €38M over two years, 80% done by Expo May 2015 / full completion Aug 2015, 'first large Italian city', per-capita 87→42 kWh, ~€10M/yr saved.
src-23856d8f0340e08aOperator/official: >140,000 points to LED with remote control, ~500 control boards, ~52% consumption reduction, ~23,000 t CO2/yr avoided. (Returned 503 at fetch time; verified via cached search snippet — editor should re-open before publish.)