1001 Smart Cities

Permanent project revision

Triangulum: Manchester's EU Smart-Energy Demonstrator on Oxford Road

Revision 2026-10-16-baseline · effective 2026-10-16

Current revision. This is the snapshot used by the live entity page.

unreviewed

Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 24 claims and 7 source dossiers.

sha256:46c80e7ed132122d43e9ccb55191bb00e7bddd7960ebf952781d9dee7900fbff
All revisions → Current entity page →

Change set

  • add /evidencePassport — Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers.
  • add /revisionHistory — Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision.
24
of 24 claims mapped
7
source dossiers
3
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Claims, one by one

The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.

Claim 1 clm-1c27f5ea86989276 quantitative
Triangulum was an EU Horizon 2020 smart-city "lighthouse" project that ran from February 2015 to January 2020
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The EU fact sheet gives the project's start and end dates and its funding under Horizon 2020's societal challenges.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum project fact sheet, grant 646578
Claim 2 clm-8dab29186d007315 descriptive
with Manchester, Eindhoven and Stavanger as its three test cities
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The project objective names the three lighthouse cities.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum project fact sheet, grant 646578
Claim 3 clm-dee002e766f718d9 descriptive
In Manchester a consortium led by the city council, with Siemens as technical partner and both universities, worked on the Oxford Road Corridor.
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The technical partner's announcement names the council as Manchester lead, the two universities and Siemens, working along the city's Oxford Road Corridor.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Siemens UK — €30 Million Triangulum sustainable cities project reaches successful completion (25 Sep 2019)
Claim 4 clm-3041ec8ac746510d quantitative
Early research found that renewables could at best supply 25 per cent of the area's energy, so the work turned to storage and building controls.
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The case study says the first stage researched whether the area could be taken off the grid with renewables, found 25 per cent at best, and turned instead to energy storage and smart building controls.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Association for Project Management — Case study: Triangulum, Manchester moves towards smart zero carbon
Claim 5 clm-5b58706d0db3e376 descriptive
A cloud-based Siemens controller switched heating and cooling on and off in council and university buildings in response to demand on the grid
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
Siemens describes the cloud-based central controller working with the building management systems at the Central Library and Town Hall Extension and three University of Manchester buildings; the impact report dates its installation at the council (November 2017) and the university (April 2018).
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Siemens UK — €30 Million Triangulum sustainable cities project reaches successful completion (25 Sep 2019)
  2. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 6 clm-e096aa07cb2de3a3 quantitative
Manchester Metropolitan University's Birley campus got 595 solar panels and a lithium-ion battery under a microgrid controller
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The university's announcement describes the battery, the panels on the Brooks Building and the microgrid controller that chooses the energy source and whether the battery stores or releases energy.
Caveat
The partners' announcements call the battery 400 kWh; the project's impact report gives a maximum storage of 484 kWh at 420 kW.

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Manchester Metropolitan University — Low-carbon smart city project Triangulum reaches successful conclusion (30 Sep 2019)
Claim 7 clm-64251943bc997b33 descriptive
the universities added electric vehicles and four electric cargo bikes
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The Commission summary reports electric vehicles deployed and four eCargo bikes in Manchester; Manchester Met says it added two electric cars to its pool car scheme.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum periodic report summary, period 4 (2019–2020)
  2. Manchester Metropolitan University — Low-carbon smart city project Triangulum reaches successful conclusion (30 Sep 2019)
Claim 8 clm-df30e6f02d782252 quantitative
the University of Manchester launched a data hub, Manchester-I, on 29 November 2017
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The impact report dates the launch of the data platform; Research IT describes it as a single hub bringing together urban data from across the city and the university.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
  2. University of Manchester Research IT — Manchester-I: your urban data hub for research and teaching (30 Apr 2018)
Claim 9 clm-900639119feb62be descriptive
The project's own final impact report, led by the University of Manchester, gives the measured results
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The deliverable is the project's final impact report; its cover sheet names the University of Manchester (P6-UNIMAN) as lead beneficiary.
Caveat
The report was written by a project partner; it is the consortium's own evaluation.

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 10 clm-81917dbedad9ec7a quantitative
Smart energy controllers across five building assets produced a 15% demand reduction, saving 21 tCO2e per year.
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report's Manchester case study states the controller result in five building assets.
Caveat
The report bases this section on results at year four of the project and does not state the baseline in the passage.

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 11 clm-7ef0bcefc936f7a0 quantitative
The solar panels at Manchester Metropolitan University generated 100,000 kWh a year, meeting 3% of energy demand and saving 3 tCO2e.
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The same case study gives the PV generation at MMU, its share of demand and the avoided emissions.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 12 clm-9672c79223267a7a quantitative
The Birley battery's first trial began on 17 December 2019
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report dates the first battery trial at Birley Fields.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 13 clm-a677b26a0fded693 quantitative
the project ended on 31 January 2020
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The EU fact sheet gives the end date.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum project fact sheet, grant 646578
Claim 14 clm-61af72be0964a392 quantitative
so its savings of £24,777 a year are an estimate
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report's battery table gives yearly estimated savings of £24,777 (€27,814) from tariff and Triad savings, calculated from the trial's charge and discharge pattern.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 15 clm-1c8272980d7fae1d quantitative
The four cargo bikes made 4,493 journeys over three years and saved 820 kgCO2e
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report's summary of Manchester module results gives the cargo-bike journeys, distance and avoided emissions.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 16 clm-318bdad48bfdc6c6 quantitative
by the final report 307 users had downloaded data from Manchester-I 427 times
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report's summary gives the platform's users and downloads.
Caveat
The Commission's period-four summary gives different figures (13 feeds, 172 users, 189 downloads).

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 17 clm-51d203d0c38f71a2 quantitative
the report multiplied the controller result across 20,000 commercial premises in the city centre to reach 42,000 tCO2e a year
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report states that if the 15% demand reduction were rolled out across 20,000 commercial premises in the city centre it would equate to 42,000 tCO2e a year; the Commission summary repeats the 42,000t as a demonstrated potential.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
  2. CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum periodic report summary, period 4 (2019–2020)
Claim 18 clm-a6137a748cfc150a quantitative
Siemens' announcement put the citywide potential of its controller at approximately 57,000t
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The technical partner's announcement gives its own scaled figure; it does not state the calculation.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Siemens UK — €30 Million Triangulum sustainable cities project reaches successful completion (25 Sep 2019)
Claim 19 clm-ee9e2e05db4c3ae6 quantitative
The project had set targets of a reduction of more than 65% in building energy consumption and a 75% shift of demand to renewable sources.
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The summary lists the project's main objectives, including the >65% building-energy reduction and the 'Shift of 75% in energy demand to renewable energy sources'.
Caveat
These were project-wide targets across the three lighthouse cities.

Sources carrying this claim

  1. CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum periodic report summary, period 4 (2019–2020)
Claim 20 clm-d606c1213db1d8bd quantitative
The number that travelled from Manchester was not the 21 tCO2e the controllers saved but the 42,000 tCO2e that 20,000 hypothetical premises would save.
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report derives the 42,000 tCO2e from the 21 tCO2e controller result scaled to 20,000 premises; the Commission's summary of the project carries the 42,000t figure.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
  2. CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum periodic report summary, period 4 (2019–2020)
Claim 21 clm-5f4366ce2e671209 descriptive
the trials at the council were halted for months by technical challenges
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report records that the controller trials at Manchester City Council stopped in September 2018 for technical challenges and restarted in late November 2018.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 22 clm-905aa6a8e079ad66 descriptive
laboratory users in one university building withdrew so often that it was dropped
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report says the trials faced many retractions by building stakeholders in the laboratory-heavy Alan Gilbert building, which was de-scoped.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 23 clm-68bac571553c7b1d descriptive
fitting new controls onto existing building management systems is "a social challenge rather than a technical one"
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report's partner-learning section describes the challenges of integrating technology into existing building management systems as a social rather than technical challenge.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)
Claim 24 clm-1346618fdb0e50d9 descriptive
What outlasted the trials was the data hub, which the Urban Observatory and CityVerve went on to use.
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this file
What the mapping says
The report says Manchester-I is used by other projects, including the Urban Observatory and CityVerve, and calls it a project legacy.
Caveat
No source after 2020 confirms whether Manchester-I, the controller or the Birley battery still operate.

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020)

Source dossiers and revision state

This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.

unreviewed Revision 2026-10-16-baseline effective 2026-10-16 · created 2026-10-16

Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.

sha256:46c80e7ed132122d43e9ccb55191bb00e7bddd7960ebf952781d9dee7900fbff
Revision history → Permanent version link → Machine-readable record → Evidence Constitution →
24
of 24 claims mapped
7
source dossiers
3
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Governance facts carried by the record

Operator
Manchester City Council (Manchester lead) with Siemens PLC (technical partner), the University of Manchester, Manchester Metropolitan University and Pixelmill; EU project coordinated by Fraunhofer IAO
Actor types
city-government, private, research
Funding model
grant
Funding description
EU Horizon 2020 (grant 646578): €29,507,946.58 total cost and €25,420,602.29 EU contribution across all six Triangulum cities. Manchester partners' net EU contributions on CORDIS: Siemens PLC €4,190,600.40, University of Manchester €978,907.81, Manchester City Council €972,120.50, Pixelmill €400,426.25, Manchester Metropolitan University €291,471.88.
Cost
Not recorded
Ownership
Not recorded
Decision rights
Not recorded
Exit conditions
Not recorded

7 source dossiers

CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum project fact sheet, grant 646578 cordis.europa.eu · 3 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-ed35fee09dbf86b5
Publisher
Name not classified · cordis.europa.eu
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-16
Dossier created
2026-10-16
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

The EU's project fact sheet: start 1 February 2015, end 31 January 2020; total cost €29,507,946.58, EU contribution €25,420,602.29; coordinated by Fraunhofer; lighthouse cities Manchester, Eindhoven and Stavanger, follower cities Prague, Leipzig and Sabadell. Its participant table lists Siemens PLC's net EU contribution at €4,190,600.40, Manchester City Council's at €972,120.50, the University of Manchester's at €978,907.81, Manchester Metropolitan University's at €291,471.88 and Pixelmill's at €400,426.25.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
CORDIS (European Commission) — Triangulum periodic report summary, period 4 (2019–2020) cordis.europa.eu · 4 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-e153e8590e8a0dd6
Publisher
Name not classified · cordis.europa.eu
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
2020-08-27
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-16
Dossier created
2026-10-16
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

The consortium's final-period summary as published by the Commission. Lists the project's main objectives (a reduction of more than 65% in building energy consumption, a 75% shift in energy demand to renewables, more electric vehicles, an ICT data hub); for Manchester it reports a potential to save 42,000t CO2 a year from optimising buildings, PV and storage saving €34,000 a year, and four eCargo bikes; it names City Verve in Manchester as one of the projects for which Triangulum was a stepping stone.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Triangulum consortium — D2.6 Final Impact Report M60 (January 2020) ec.europa.eu · 15 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-c87e7ae012c9152a
Publisher
Name not classified · ec.europa.eu
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-16
Dossier created
2026-10-16
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Deliverable D2.6, the project's final impact report, led by the University of Manchester (cover dated January 2020). Reports the Manchester trials module by module: controller trials at the Town Hall Extension, Central Library and two university buildings, halted at the council for months in 2018 and dropped at the Alan Gilbert building; the Birley battery (420 kW, 484 kWh maximum storage) first trialled on 17 December 2019 with yearly savings estimated at £24,777; 15% demand reduction and 21 tCO2e a year from controllers in five building assets, scaled to 42,000 tCO2e across 20,000 commercial premises; PV generating 100,000 kWh a year, 3% of demand; cargo bikes and the Manchester-I data platform. Lists CityVerve as a spin-off and says Manchester-I is used by the Urban Observatory and CityVerve.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Siemens UK — €30 Million Triangulum sustainable cities project reaches successful completion (25 Sep 2019) news.siemens.co.uk · 3 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-de257ab7f251d04a
Publisher
Name not classified · news.siemens.co.uk
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2019-09-25
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-16
Dossier created
2026-10-16
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

The technical partner's closing announcement. Describes the cloud-based central controller working as a virtual power plant with building management systems at the Central Library and Town Hall Extension and three University of Manchester buildings, the Birley battery and solar panels, and states that scaled citywide the controller could potentially save approximately 57,000t CO2 a year.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Manchester Metropolitan University — Low-carbon smart city project Triangulum reaches successful conclusion (30 Sep 2019) www2.mmu.ac.uk · 2 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-b6a4b977cfc9a4e4
Publisher
Name not classified · www2.mmu.ac.uk
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2019-09-30
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-16
Dossier created
2026-10-16
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

The Birley partner's announcement: a 400kWh lithium-ion battery and 595 solar panels on the Brooks Building, managed with the existing combined heat and power plant by a microgrid controller, can supply electricity to 900 student rooms and the academic building; the university added two electric cars to its pool.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Association for Project Management — Case study: Triangulum, Manchester moves towards smart zero carbon apm.org.uk · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-7337f6f69e9b34bb
Publisher
Name not classified · apm.org.uk
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-16
Dossier created
2026-10-16
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Case study with interviews of the council's programme manager and Siemens' project manager, written as the lighthouse phase was closing. States that research found renewables could at best generate 25 per cent of the area's energy needs, so the team turned to storage and smart building controls, and that some technologies proposed in the bid were not feasible when it came to delivering them.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
University of Manchester Research IT — Manchester-I: your urban data hub for research and teaching (30 Apr 2018) research-it.manchester.ac.uk · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-70721cba91a695a6
Publisher
Name not classified · research-it.manchester.ac.uk
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2018-04-30
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-10-16
Dossier created
2026-10-16
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

The Triangulum team's introduction of Manchester-I, a single hub bringing together urban data from across the city and the university (mobility in the Corridor, building energy, air quality, weather, water levels), with the ambition of becoming a city-level data portal and a legacy beyond individual projects.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Known limits of this file
  • Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.
  • Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.
  • A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.
  • The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim.