1001 Smart Cities

Permanent project revision

Bengaluru Urban Flood Early-Warning Network

Revision 2026-08-27-claims-and-sources · effective 2026-07-26

Current revision. This is the snapshot used by the live entity page.

unreviewed

Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 8 claims and 5 source dossiers.

sha256:5c426c7459363253b87148c6f2bfe37843476d620c50d6558db0424295b8a27f
All revisions → Current entity page →

Change set

  • add /evidencePassport — Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers.
  • add /revisionHistory — Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision.
8
of 8 claims mapped
5
source dossiers
4
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Claims, one by one

The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.

Claim 1 clm-bf835c6e9056c623 quantitative
about 100 telemetric rain gauges reporting every 15 minutes, 12 weather stations
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The 2025 field report lists 100 telemetric rain gauge stations collecting rain volume every 15 minutes and 12 telemetric weather stations; the 2020 launch report describes the same 100 gauges as installed and maintained by KSNDMC under the Urban Flood Model project.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention
  2. The News Minute — Govt launches two apps for real-time rainfall and urban flooding info
Claim 2 clm-dd08c7757783d80c quantitative
105 radar water-level sensors bolted to the retaining walls of storm-water drains at the 201 flood-prone spots the two agencies mapped, with IP cameras beside them to tell whether a reading means water or floating rubbish
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The report describes 105 telemetric water-level sensors fixed to the retaining walls of primary and secondary storm-water drains in low-lying areas, using radar-based technology, with IP cameras also placed in the drains to monitor mixed solid waste; the sensors show an error when solid waste floats under them and the cameras are used to identify the cause.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention
Claim 3 clm-30d1aa562a927337 quantitative
were declared fully operational in 2021
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The report states that the disaster monitoring centre started developing urban flood early warning and preparedness measures in 2018 and made these fully operational in 2021.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention
Claim 4 clm-f2055f572549f9c6 quantitative
the drains hold roughly 80 mm of rain, so the network helps crews position for rescue more than it prevents flooding
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
An assistant executive engineer in the corporation's storm-water drain department is quoted saying the drains are built to hold a maximum of 80 mm of rainfall, that beyond that it will flood regardless, and that they can then only focus on rescue and management.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention
Claim 5 clm-57ac62e9693871f0 quantitative
A sensor at 80% of drain depth is a red alert, and the centre and the corporation then position the responding departments for rescue and evacuation, with zonal offices and executive engineers meant to be told 6-8 hours ahead
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The report gives the colour codes as yellow at 25% or less, orange at 50% and red at 80%, states that as soon as a drain reaches 80% both agencies alert all stakeholder departments to be positioned for rescue and evacuation, and adds that alerts are supposed to reach the zonal office and executive engineers 6-8 hours in advance.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention
Claim 6 clm-a97676e5cd2950d4 quantitative
in February 2025 sensors read 80% in the Nagarbhavi drain during only mild rain, the IP cameras showed the cause was a blockage, and crews cleared it before the area flooded
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The report gives this example: 'this February' the water-level sensors detected 80% water in the Nagarbhavi rajakaluve during mild rainfall because the drain was blocked with garbage, and the alert enabled zonal officers to clear it before the area flooded.
Caveat
The report says 'this February' and was published on 25 July 2025; the year is read from that, not stated in the source.

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention
Claim 7 clm-303be5d7441ca8fe quantitative
the two apps drew about 10,000 downloads in five years, on the account of a hydrologist at WELL Labs
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The report quotes Shashank Palur, senior hydrologist at WELL Labs: the apps have only about 10,000 downloads within five years of launch.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention
Claim 8 clm-93c3b4400bd746db descriptive
a residents' association member on a drain that has sensors says the people living beside it neither know about them nor receive alerts
Published field
lesson · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
The report quotes Raghu Rajagopal of the Koramangala 4th Block Residents' Welfare Association saying that people living close to the drains with the flood alert system are neither aware of them nor receive alerts.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention

Source dossiers and revision state

This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.

unreviewed Revision 2026-08-27-claims-and-sources effective 2026-07-26 · created 2026-08-27

Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.

Erratum on this revision's envelope. The snapshot, its hash and its permanent link are untouched.

  • createdAt previously read 2026-08-28T13:00:00Z. The batching script that produced this revision advanced createdAt into the future to satisfy the strictly-increasing order the validator requires per entity. The value never recorded a real event; the corrected value is the moment the revision provably existed in the repository. Corrected to 2026-08-27T01:42:12Z on 2026-08-27; evidence: first appears in commit a148f4f45c, committed 2026-08-27T01:42:12Z.
sha256:5c426c7459363253b87148c6f2bfe37843476d620c50d6558db0424295b8a27f
Revision history → Permanent version link → Machine-readable record → Evidence Constitution →
8
of 8 claims mapped
5
source dossiers
4
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Governance facts carried by the record

Operator
Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre with IISc Bangalore; alerts routed to the municipal corporation
Actor types
regional-government, research
Funding model
public
Funding description
Not recorded
Cost
Not recorded
Ownership
Not recorded
Decision rights
Not recorded
Exit conditions
Not recorded

5 source dossiers

Citizen Matters — Bengaluru's flood alert system: good for rescue, not prevention citizenmatters.in · 8 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-45760b34df4f6d44
Publisher
Name not classified · citizenmatters.in
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2025-07-25
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-07-26
Dossier created
2026-08-28
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Field report: 100 telemetric rain gauges every 15 minutes, 12 weather stations, 105 radar water-level sensors on drain retaining walls with IP cameras beside them, 201 flood-prone areas mapped, development from 2018 and fully operational in 2021; colour codes at 25/50/80% of drain depth; alerts to zonal offices 6-8 hours ahead; drains built for about 80 mm of rain; a blocked drain in Nagarbhavi cleared before it flooded; about 10,000 app downloads in five years.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
The News Minute — Govt launches two apps for real-time rainfall and urban flooding info thenewsminute.com · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-601c9b2de20ced33
Publisher
Name not classified · thenewsminute.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2020-06-07
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-07-26
Dossier created
2026-08-28
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Launch of the two public apps on 7 June 2020, built by KSNDMC with the Indian Institute of Science under the Urban Flood Model project, drawing on 100 telemetric rain gauges installed and maintained by KSNDMC.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
IISc Bangalore — Urban Flood Model for Bangalore City (project partner) sites.google.com · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-63b8d6228e9e55e4
Publisher
Name not classified · sites.google.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-07-26
Dossier created
2026-08-28
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Academic partner's own project page for the Urban Flood Model for Bangalore City.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Background source; no baseline claim points here
OpenCity — What rainfall data says about Bengaluru's rainfall patterns opencity.in · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-d95956d8a2ffed10
Publisher
Name not classified · opencity.in
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2022-10-21
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-07-26
Dossier created
2026-08-28
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Analysis of published KSNDMC data: 180 automated weather stations across Bengaluru Urban and 17 in Bengaluru Rural; taluk-level data public since 2017, hobli-level only since 2020.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Background source; no baseline claim points here
Mongabay India — As Bengaluru loses lakes and green cover, urban floods take a toll india.mongabay.com · background

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-ac218f342816f158
Publisher
Name not classified · india.mongabay.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
2022-09-23
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-07-26
Dossier created
2026-08-28
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Counterweight on the September 2022 floods: 131.6 mm of rain breaking the records of the previous 34 years, and a disaster risk map counting 134 flood-prone points in the city.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Background source; no baseline claim points here
Known limits of this passport
  • Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.
  • Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.
  • A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.
  • The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim.