clm-e16bc95ff70d458c
quantitative
a 2023 peer-reviewed survey of 111 peri-urban households (Chiumya & Gumbo, World Water Policy) found 98.2% satisfaction and no income-based affordability gap
Permanent project revision
E-Madzi Automated Water Kiosks
Revision 2026-08-20-source-dates · effective 2026-08-07
Current revision. This is the snapshot used by the live entity page.
unreviewed
Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 1 claim and 4 source dossiers.
sha256:91e095a0ca46144020ee862db5fdddfd3c8538dd1922b28d54287337d2270379
Change set
add/evidencePassport— Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers.add/revisionHistory— Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision.
- 1
- of 1 claims mapped
- 4
- source dossiers
- 3
- publication dates recorded
- 0
- archives linked
- 0
- exact locators
- 0
- content captures hashed
Claims, one by one
The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.
Source dossiers and revision state
This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.
unreviewed
Revision 2026-08-20-source-dates
effective 2026-08-07 · created 2026-08-20
Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.
sha256:91e095a0ca46144020ee862db5fdddfd3c8538dd1922b28d54287337d2270379
- 1
- of 1 claims mapped
- 4
- source dossiers
- 3
- publication dates recorded
- 0
- archives linked
- 0
- exact locators
- 0
- content captures hashed
Governance facts carried by the record
- Operator
- Lilongwe Water Board
- Actor types
- city-government
- Funding model
- grant
- Funding description
- World Bank (Lilongwe Water and Sanitation Project + COVID-19 response financing)
- Cost
- Not recorded
- Ownership
- Not recorded
- Decision rights
- Not recorded
- Exit conditions
- Not recorded
4 source dossiers
Lilongwe Water Board - E-Madzi Facility (operator)
- Stable source ID
src-e8df434f3e865b01- Publisher
- Name not classified · lwb.mw
- Type / language
- web-page · language not classified
- Published
- Not recorded
- Updated
- Not recorded
- Source last checked
- No source-level check date
- Record last verified
- 2026-08-07
- Dossier created
- 2026-08-20
- Retrieved copy
- No local capture recorded
- Archive
- No archived copy linked
- Content hash
- No captured content hash
- Locator
- Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Open the recorded source note
How the smart-card kiosks work; 91 kiosks equipped with E-Madzi units, 28 under construction (current operator page, abgerufen 2026-08-07)
- Claims linked
- Background source; no baseline claim points here
World Bank - Automated Water Kiosks Provide Continuous Water for Malawians During COVID-19 (Sept 2020)
- Stable source ID
src-15dde476b86f20aa- Publisher
- Name not classified · worldbank.org
- Type / language
- web-page · language not classified
- Published
- 2020-09-09
- Updated
- Not recorded
- Source last checked
- No source-level check date
- Record last verified
- 2026-08-07
- Dossier created
- 2026-08-20
- Retrieved copy
- No local capture recorded
- Archive
- No archived copy linked
- Content hash
- No captured content hash
- Locator
- Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Open the recorded source note
2019 pilot with 4 kiosks, expansion to 35 more; RFID card + dispenser + web-based monitoring dashboard; 65% cost reduction; ~8,750 customers; financed under LWSP plus COVID-19 response package
- Claims linked
- Background source; no baseline claim points here
World Bank - Improved Access to Potable Water in Malawi's Capital (May 2023)
- Stable source ID
src-6473b1c8cde329b3- Publisher
- Name not classified · worldbank.org
- Type / language
- web-page · language not classified
- Published
- 2023-05-04
- Updated
- Not recorded
- Source last checked
- No source-level check date
- Record last verified
- 2026-08-07
- Dossier created
- 2026-08-20
- Retrieved copy
- No local capture recorded
- Archive
- No archived copy linked
- Content hash
- No captured content hash
- Locator
- Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Open the recorded source note
LWSP running since 2017: ~350,000 beneficiaries, 60 new kiosks; confirms attendant-run kiosks continue alongside E-Madzi (tap operators earn ~K44,000/month)
- Claims linked
- Background source; no baseline claim points here
Chiumya & Gumbo (2023) - Investigating the impact of prepaid meters on communal water points in Malawi, World Water Policy (peer-reviewed)
- Stable source ID
src-87a637333029523d- Publisher
- Name not classified · doi.org
- Type / language
- web-page · language not classified
- Published
- 2023-08-13
- Updated
- Not recorded
- Source last checked
- No source-level check date
- Record last verified
- 2026-08-07
- Dossier created
- 2026-08-20
- Retrieved copy
- No local capture recorded
- Archive
- No archived copy linked
- Content hash
- No captured content hash
- Locator
- Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Open the recorded source note
111 sampled households in Lilongwe peri-urban areas: 98.2% satisfaction, chi-square shows no income-based preference gap (p=0.956), LWB reports higher revenue; low pressure at water points during cloudy weather (abstract via Crossref verifiziert)
- Claims linked
Known limits of this passport
- Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.
- Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.
- A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.
- The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim.