Permanent project revision
Revision 2026-08-20-source-dates · effective 2026-08-07
Current revision. This is the snapshot used by the live entity page.
Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 1 claim and 10 source dossiers.
sha256:54c5b6f4fcf1c85c053735b44cd90ca5fa84a66fae4e63c340afa9bb604990e6
add /evidencePassport — Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers.add /revisionHistory — Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision.The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.
clm-fcf7ba2da6785d71
quantitative
A peer-reviewed study of RAMP monitors in Kigali put the ambient average PM2.5 at 52 ug/m3 over March 2017-July 2018, well above the WHO's Interim Target 1, on 88% hourly data coverage (an average of 634 hourly values per month).
This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.
Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.
sha256:54c5b6f4fcf1c85c053735b44cd90ca5fa84a66fae4e63c340afa9bb604990e6
src-2a2977c8d533885eLaunch date 7 September 2021, on the International Day of Clean Air; real-time data for 23 sites nationwide via the website https://aq.rema.gov.rw/ and an Android app, each station flagging its dominant pollutant. Carries the yearStart.
src-afaa2963a56eeee1Operator's own live portal, verified loading 7 Aug 2026. Station pages include the Kigali sites Gisozi, Gacuriro, Gikomero, Rebero, Kimihurura, Kiyovu, Jali, Gikondo-Mburabuturo, Kimironko, Mont Kigali and Rusororo, plus a Kigali mobile unit; around 30 station pages nationwide. Carries the claim that the stations exist and are in Kigali.
src-22eb0daffc7efe44Six parameters at each station (ozone, PM2.5, PM10, NO, NO2, SO2); series run through 7 August 2026, the day of checking - the currency evidence that the network is live. Also carries the openness caveat: 'You are not logged in!. Please login to download the data', with a fallback of emailing [email protected]. Longest series listed starts July 2013 (Kigali Laboratory).
src-167fca43de0706bfPeer-reviewed. Four RAMP monitors in Kigali (Gacuriro, Belle Vue Estate, CMU-Africa, University of Rwanda CST) run by Carnegie Mellon with the University of Rwanda and the Rwanda Climate Observatory, March 2017-July 2018; ambient average PM2.5 52 ug/m3, 'significantly higher than World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 1'; 298-744 hours of data per month, averaging 634 hourly values (88% coverage); gases collocated against reference CO/O3 monitors at Mt Mugogo, and 'as we do not have local verification for NO, NO2, or SO2, these data are not presented here' - the calibration caveat in the lesson.
src-791100b54070d52bPeer-reviewed, 2022-2024. Two Kigali stations 10-20 m from restricted roads: a FEM-designated beta attenuation monitor at the US embassy and a RAMP in Gasabo. PM2.5 14.8% lower during the 7-11 a.m. window and 34.7% lower afterwards with no rebound; ozone shows no significant difference. States the schedule plainly - 'Between 7:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. on the first and third Sunday of each month, motorized vehicles are restricted' - which is what puts this on rung 2 rather than 5. Also names the coverage limit: only two fixed stations.
src-e73f0def9a7e7989Peer-reviewed. Real-time PM2.5, NO2 and O3 from 11 stations across Gasabo, Kicukiro and Nyarugenge, 2021-2024, all from RAMP low-cost sensors 'validated with data from a reference-grade Beta Attenuation Mass Monitor (BAM)'; annual NO2 18.6-22.9, peak hourly 173 at roadside; 8-hour ozone maxima near 58 ppb; described as the first comprehensive long-term citywide air quality study in Rwanda. Carries the station count of eleven. NOTE FOR THE EDITOR: publisher blocked automated fetch of both the landing page and the PDF (403); the abstract was read through the publisher's own indexed listing. Worth re-opening by hand before sealing.
src-55bc12a1f0c26509Operator-reported, therefore attributed rather than asserted. Ten stations across Kigali (Gacuriro, Rusororo, Mont Kigali, Gikondo, Nyarutarama, Kibagabaga, Kimironko, Nyabugogo, RDB/Kimihurura); PM2.5 down up to 45% on closed routes and 30-35% on alternative routes, below 30 ug/m3 at midday against typical averages of 47-50, little change off-route. Points readers to aq.rema.gov.rw. Shows the network being used to evaluate an event, not to trigger one.
src-17fbbbd39f713575REMA's own count in January 2025: 16 operating stations across 13 districts, with at least 26 more planned. Kept in the sources rather than the snippet because it counts the national network, not the Kigali cluster, and the target date has since passed without a published confirmation.
src-15c0dea8fa6674bdThe other lever: emissions testing separated from mechanical testing at the Contrôle Technique from May 2025, motorbikes included for the first time. No ambient threshold is named as a trigger; the page directs the public to aq.rema.gov.rw for information only. Carries the lesson's claim that the enforcement route is per-vehicle.
src-3f3fd7f5921e80b9Third-party confirmation that Rwandan ground stations report: Gikondo-Mburabuturo, Kigali_Rwanda, Gacuriro and the US embassy monitor showed current values on 7 Aug 2026, while Jali, Mount Mugogo, Gicumbi, Rusizi, Byimana and Lake Kivu/Rubavu showed none - a hint that coverage on the map is not the same as coverage in the data.