1001 Smart Cities

Permanent project revision

ShotSpotter Under a Federally Funded Evaluation

Revision 2026-08-19-baseline · effective 2026-08-19

Superseded. A later revision exists: 2026-08-20-source-dates →

unreviewed

Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 9 claims and 4 source dossiers.

sha256:4825a8e75999532fe9deae35870fefa565c9da28b7a0211f008b0a7d583eab41
All revisions → Current entity page →

Change set

  • add /evidencePassport — Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers.
  • add /revisionHistory — Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision.
9
of 9 claims mapped
4
source dossiers
0
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Claims, one by one

The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.

Claim 1 clm-fc16f031042d4a0a quantitative
Kansas City has run ShotSpotter acoustic gunshot detection since 2012, covering about 3.5 square miles on the east side of Troost Avenue
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
KCUR reports ShotSpotter was implemented in Kansas City in 2012, covering 3.5 square miles, primarily on the east side of Troost Avenue.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. KCUR — ShotSpotter gunshot detection system fails to reduce violent crime in Kansas City, study says
Claim 2 clm-95fb6cb04956379e quantitative
used over 15 years of data from Chicago and Kansas City, comparing ShotSpotter target areas with similar control areas not covered
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
Piza describes the study design in his own account: over 15 years of data from both cities, with ShotSpotter target areas compared against similar control areas not covered by the sensors.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. The Conversation — Eric Piza on studying ShotSpotter in Chicago and Kansas City
  2. National Institute of Justice — The Impact of Gunshot Detection Technology on Gun Violence in Kansas City and Chicago: A Multi-Pronged Evaluation
Claim 3 clm-2318fe82a5f0b731 descriptive
reported through five peer-reviewed journal articles
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
Piza states the National Institute of Justice-funded work was reported in a technical report and five peer-reviewed journal articles.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. The Conversation — Eric Piza on studying ShotSpotter in Chicago and Kansas City
Claim 4 clm-8cbcd0fcf61cb831 quantitative
since 1939 Kansas City's police have answered to a Board of Police Commissioners whose members are appointed by the governor of Missouri, with the mayor as the fifth commissioner
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
KCUR sets out the history: the state took control of the department again in 1939 under Governor Lloyd Crow Stark, establishing the governor-appointed Board of Police Commissioners that governs KCPD today, with the mayor serving as the fifth commissioner.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. KCUR — When did Kansas City police come under state control?
Claim 5 clm-6e933454a37e9da4 quantitative
The police department took over the funding in 2017 and has spent a total of $1.3 million on it, renewing most recently at nearly $200,000 for a one-year term
Published field
snippet · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
KCUR reports that since KCPD took over funding in 2017 it has spent a total of $1.3 million, and that the Board approved nearly $200,000 for a one-year renewal running October 2023 to September 2024.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. KCUR — ShotSpotter gunshot detection system fails to reduce violent crime in Kansas City, study says
Claim 6 clm-f579a96a19506dba quantitative
In Kansas City ShotSpotter alerts went off 93 seconds before the first 911 call reporting the same incident on average, nearly 12% of the overall police response, EMS response and hospital transport travel times
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
Piza gives both figures directly for Kansas City: an average 93-second lead over the first 911 call, amounting to nearly 12% of the combined police response, EMS response and hospital transport travel times.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. The Conversation — Eric Piza on studying ShotSpotter in Chicago and Kansas City
Claim 7 clm-9f812de33ba6d19c descriptive
the collection of ballistic evidence and recovery of firearms was substantially higher in the ShotSpotter target area than the controls
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
Piza states this for Kansas City specifically, without attaching a percentage; the entry therefore reports it qualitatively rather than importing a figure from elsewhere in the coverage.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. The Conversation — Eric Piza on studying ShotSpotter in Chicago and Kansas City
Claim 8 clm-87f440c322114c83 descriptive
in both Chicago and Kansas City, ShotSpotter did not reduce the occurrence of fatal shootings, nonfatal shootings or other violent felonies committed with firearms, and did not increase the clearance rates for either
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
Piza states both null findings in these terms: no reduction in fatal shootings, nonfatal shootings or other violent felonies committed with firearms, and no increase in clearance rates in either city.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. The Conversation — Eric Piza on studying ShotSpotter in Chicago and Kansas City
  2. National Institute of Justice — The Impact of Gunshot Detection Technology on Gun Violence in Kansas City and Chicago: A Multi-Pronged Evaluation
Claim 9 clm-eed8039c16157848 quantitative
Alerts were 15% more likely than 911 calls to be classified as unfounded
Published field
impact · verbatim
Mapping
mapped · no interpretation or interpolation added by this passport
What the mapping says
Piza reports that incidents were 15% more likely than 911 calls to be classified as unfounded, meaning evidence of gunfire could not be confirmed.
Caveat
No claim-specific caveat recorded

Sources carrying this claim

  1. The Conversation — Eric Piza on studying ShotSpotter in Chicago and Kansas City

Source dossiers and revision state

This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.

unreviewed Revision 2026-08-19-baseline effective 2026-08-19 · created 2026-08-19

Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.

sha256:4825a8e75999532fe9deae35870fefa565c9da28b7a0211f008b0a7d583eab41
Revision history → Permanent version link → Machine-readable record → Evidence Constitution →
9
of 9 claims mapped
4
source dossiers
0
publication dates recorded
0
archives linked
0
exact locators
0
content captures hashed

Governance facts carried by the record

Operator
Kansas City, Missouri Police Department, under a Board of Police Commissioners appointed by the Governor of Missouri; sensors supplied by SoundThinking (formerly ShotSpotter)
Actor types
regional-government, national-government, research
Funding model
public
Funding description
Kansas City Police Department budget since 2017; previously federally supported
Cost
Not recorded
Ownership
Not recorded
Decision rights
Not recorded
Exit conditions
Not recorded

4 source dossiers

The Conversation — Eric Piza on studying ShotSpotter in Chicago and Kansas City theconversation.com · 6 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-22d31562f409d2ea
Publisher
Name not classified · theconversation.com
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-19
Dossier created
2026-08-19
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
Open the recorded source note

Written by the principal investigator, summarising the findings of the peer-reviewed articles.

Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
National Institute of Justice — The Impact of Gunshot Detection Technology on Gun Violence in Kansas City and Chicago: A Multi-Pronged Evaluation nij.ojp.gov · 2 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-e94b7add9160654d
Publisher
Name not classified · nij.ojp.gov
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-19
Dossier created
2026-08-19
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
No locator recordedDescriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
KCUR — ShotSpotter gunshot detection system fails to reduce violent crime in Kansas City, study says kcur.org · 2 linked claims

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-13e71bdef6657083
Publisher
Name not classified · kcur.org
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-19
Dossier created
2026-08-19
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
No locator recordedDescriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
KCUR — When did Kansas City police come under state control? kcur.org · 1 linked claim

Open original source ↗

Stable source ID
src-0c8b40610416d45e
Publisher
Name not classified · kcur.org
Type / language
web-page · language not classified
Published
Not recorded
Updated
Not recorded
Source last checked
No source-level check date
Record last verified
2026-08-19
Dossier created
2026-08-19
Retrieved copy
No local capture recorded
Archive
No archived copy linked
Content hash
No captured content hash
Locator
No locator recordedDescriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Claims linked
Known limits of this passport
  • Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.
  • Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.
  • A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.
  • The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim.