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quantitative
CREA counted 10 reference-grade and 110 low-cost government sensors plus 5 open-source private sensors for 2024, and Jabodetabek PM2.5 at 30-55 µg/m3, six to eleven times the WHO guideline of 5 µg/m3.
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sha256:77c0503006778393462de01e0cc432b2901258e9ac5b15fd8ad7ea99ce332545
src-f44f5a2c18a3c8f6Supports the filing by 32 citizens, the seven defendants, the Central Jakarta District Court finding of an unlawful act on 16 September 2021, and the itemised orders: the president to tighten national ambient air quality standards, and the Jakarta governor's eight mandates covering compliance supervision, sanctions, publishing monitoring results, a stricter provincial standard, an emissions inventory with public participation and an annual public air-status announcement.
src-4cd5cb2cf6f2322aSupports the second stage: the Jakarta High Court rejected the government's appeal and affirmed the 16 September 2021 district court ruling.
src-eb6c020602d81197Supports the final outcome: cassation filed by the president and the environment and forestry minister rejected by the Supreme Court on 13 November 2023 (case 2560 K/Pdt/2023), upholding both lower courts and making the judgment binding.
src-64e8f059dacc451bOperator source for the current network: 111 active monitoring stations combining reference stations and low-cost sensors, all feeding the public portal udara.jakarta.go.id, built with the environment ministry, the meteorological agency, universities, civil society and private partners. The agency's accompanying claim to run Indonesia's widest system is not independently verified and is not used.
src-07715d5d453b47e1The public readings themselves, run by the Jakarta Environment Agency. Confirmed live on 26 July 2026 (Menteng, ISPU 108, PM2.5 62.3 µg/m3). Historical readings per station are separately downloadable as CSV.
src-9e8329853aaea978Supports the baseline and growth: 5 stations from 2011, 9 added in 2023 and 4 in 2024 for a total of 18, with the agency naming 25 as the ideal number.
src-5adb41441437ea0fIndependent counterweight and the origin of the sensor breakdown in the impact field: 10 reference-grade government sensors, 110 low-cost government sensors and 5 open-source private sensors; Jabodetabek PM2.5 of 30 to 55 µg/m3, six to eleven-fold the WHO guideline of 5 µg/m3; national commitments at a years-long standstill.
src-644f87409a490135Supports the currency counterweight: in a 26 June 2025 audience with the environment ministry the plaintiffs' coalition said the ruling, final since 2023, remains uncarried out, above all the tightening of ambient air quality standards. Site blocks automated fetching; outlet, date and claim confirmed via search.
src-1b13477adf70178eSupports the suspended-enforcement claim: roadside emission checks continue but fines were stopped, the air pollution task force citing ticketing as police authority.
src-49ecb67acf6024d3Attribution only, not asserted by this atlas: IQAir, a company that sells air sensors and purifiers, puts Jakarta at 41.7 µg/m3 PM2.5 for 2024, 8.3 times the WHO guideline, and repeatedly ranks it among the world's most polluted major cities.