S-DoT — Smart Seoul Data of Things Sensor Network
This overview was generated with AI from the public sources listed below and checked against them before publication. It has not had a complete human fact-check — treat it as a starting point and follow the sources.
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✎ Updated 26 Aug 2026 7 claims added. What changed →
S-DoT is a citywide IoT network of about 1,100 monitoring stations across Seoul's streets, mountains and riversides recording 17 types of urban-environment data — temperature, humidity, illuminance, noise and fine particulate matter — every two minutes. The city uses the feeds for data-based policy and streams readings to residents through the Smart Seoul Map; a peer-reviewed quality-management study documents the network's operation.
what does this mean?
The strongest source behind this entry is an independent peer-reviewed or academic study. It grades who did the looking — not how well the project went. All four grades →📊 Impact
A peer-reviewed quality-management study of the network found its readings run systematically warm against Seoul's single ASOS reference station — on the sampled heatwave day 89% of S-DoT stations recorded a higher daily mean temperature, on the coldwave day 91% — and that data loss is substantial: missing ratios 'at most stations fell within the range of 10-20%', reaching up to 80% in April 2021. Part of the bias is placement: of the downtown stations, 25 are mounted on building walls, and the study finds that 'the sensors installed on the wall could not represent the surrounding areas', because sunlight heats the wall and the wall heats the sensor.
🎓 Lesson
Density and accuracy are different purchases. Seoul has exactly one national reference station inside the city, and S-DoT gives it a 0.75 km grid against the 4.5 km of the national automated network — that is the gain, and it is real. What it does not give is agreement: nine stations in ten read warmer than the reference on both the hot and the cold sampled day, one in five readings is missing at a typical station, and two dozen boxes are bolted to sunlit walls. The paper's answer is not to distrust the network but to build a quality-management system for it. A cheap sensor network is an instrument that needs a second instrument.
Sources
📅 How old is the evidence?
Two clocks, kept apart: when this entry’s sources were published, and what has happened to its record in the atlas. Documented span: since 2019. 3 of 3 sources carry a publication date, from 3 June 2021 to 31 May 2025.
When the sources were published
- Seoul Metropolitan Government · city governmentSeoul Metropolitan Government (authority)
- MDPI · researchMDPI Sensors 23(5):2384, 2023 (peer-reviewed)
- Seoul Metropolitan Government IoT policy · city governmentSeoul Metropolitan Government IoT policy (authority)
What happened to this record
- Sources last read
- Entered the record
- 7 claims added
Show your work What this page rests on and what it can’t tell you · all 7 claims with their sources · the forensic record
Evidence Passport · public beta 7 addressable claims, 3 source dossiers, one permanent baseline. The passport is unreviewed — an AI-assisted structural migration, not a human or expert endorsement. Every revision keeps a permanent copy under revision history.
Inspect the claims, one by one — verbatim text, sources and caveats for all 7
The text below is copied verbatim from the published record. Each claim names the source dossiers that carry it; caveats stay attached to the claim they qualify.
clm-7eebb44ef7df09a8
quantitative
S-DoT is a citywide IoT network of about 1,100 monitoring stations across Seoul's streets, mountains and riversides recording 17 types of urban-environment data — temperature, humidity, illuminance, noise and fine particulate matter — every two minutes
Sources carrying this claim
clm-65cab3bcf0a65047
descriptive
The city uses the feeds for data-based policy and streams readings to residents through the Smart Seoul Map
Sources carrying this claim
clm-0441e00399c732a9
quantitative
on the sampled heatwave day 89% of S-DoT stations recorded a higher daily mean temperature, on the coldwave day 91%
Sources carrying this claim
clm-86445c92648bc757
quantitative
missing ratios 'at most stations fell within the range of 10-20%', reaching up to 80% in April 2021
Sources carrying this claim
clm-63ad15b237c1c6f1
quantitative
of the downtown stations, 25 are mounted on building walls, and the study finds that 'the sensors installed on the wall could not represent the surrounding areas', because sunlight heats the wall and the wall heats the sensor
Sources carrying this claim
clm-ff9851d9b0f08a6a
quantitative
Seoul has exactly one national reference station inside the city, and S-DoT gives it a 0.75 km grid against the 4.5 km of the national automated network
Sources carrying this claim
clm-4e79f639c3f65535
descriptive
The paper's answer is not to distrust the network but to build a quality-management system for it
Sources carrying this claim
Forensic record — source dossiers, gaps, hashes and the exact revision this page renders
This layer records what is known about each source, what is still missing, and the exact snapshot this page is rendering. A missing date, archive or hash stays visible as missing.
Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither.
sha256:ba92e494c08f6f41af9246886fe07629731b9f55b1206010ed27e4a60eeeaba4
- 7
- of 7 claims mapped
- 3
- source dossiers
- 3
- publication dates recorded
- 0
- archives linked
- 0
- exact locators
- 0
- content captures hashed
Governance facts carried by the record
- Operator
- Seoul Metropolitan Government
- Actor types
- city-government
- Funding model
- public
- Funding description
- Not recorded
- Cost
- Not recorded
- Ownership
- Not recorded
- Decision rights
- Not recorded
- Exit conditions
- Not recorded
3 source dossiers
Seoul Metropolitan Government (authority)
- Stable source ID
src-a4f0bbd2409eb299- Publisher
- Name not classified · english.seoul.go.kr
- Type / language
- web-page · language not classified
- Published
- 2021-06-03
- Updated
- Not recorded
- Source last checked
- No source-level check date
- Record last verified
- 2026-07-21
- Dossier created
- 2026-08-26
- Retrieved copy
- No local capture recorded
- Archive
- No archived copy linked
- Content hash
- No captured content hash
- Locator
- Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Open the recorded source note
1,100 sensors, 17 data types every 2 minutes, public release, Smart Seoul Map streaming.
- Claims linked
MDPI Sensors 23(5):2384, 2023 (peer-reviewed)
- Stable source ID
src-b8caf001cc45767e- Publisher
- Name not classified · mdpi.com
- Type / language
- web-page · language not classified
- Published
- 2023-02-21
- Updated
- Not recorded
- Source last checked
- No source-level check date
- Record last verified
- 2026-07-21
- Dossier created
- 2026-08-26
- Retrieved copy
- No local capture recorded
- Archive
- No archived copy linked
- Content hash
- No captured content hash
- Locator
- Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Open the recorded source note
Peer-reviewed quality-management study of the S-DoT network: 850 stations installed in 2019 and 220 in 2020, a 0.75 km horizontal resolution against 4.5 km for the national automated network, and only one ASOS station in Seoul. Carries the warm-bias percentages for the sampled heatwave and coldwave days, the missing-data ratios, and the finding on wall-mounted sensor boxes. MDPI blocks retrieval; the full text was read through the Europe PMC mirror of the same article (PMC10037411).
Seoul Metropolitan Government IoT policy (authority)
- Stable source ID
src-12ddd32040876c11- Publisher
- Name not classified · world.seoul.go.kr
- Type / language
- web-page · language not classified
- Published
- 2025-05-31
- Updated
- Not recorded
- Source last checked
- No source-level check date
- Record last verified
- 2026-07-21
- Dossier created
- 2026-08-26
- Retrieved copy
- No local capture recorded
- Archive
- No archived copy linked
- Content hash
- No captured content hash
- Locator
- Descriptive only — not page/paragraph exact
Open the recorded source note
S-DoT scale and role within Seoul's smart-city IoT strategy; Open Data Plaza access.
- Claims linked
Known limits of this passport
- Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.
- Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.
- A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.
- The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim.
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📎 Cite this project
1001 Smart Cities (2026). “S-DoT — Smart Seoul Data of Things Sensor Network” — Seoul, South Korea. The Smart City Atlas. https://1001smartcities.org/projects/seoul-sdot-sensors/ (last verified 2026-07-21). Data: CC BY 4.0.
The underlying data is free to reuse with attribution — see the open data page.