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 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "vienna-led-smart-lighting",
  "title": "LED it Shine: Citywide Smart Street Lighting Retrofit",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/vienna-led-smart-lighting/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-22T21:13:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-07-22",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 11 claims and 6 source dossiers.",
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   },
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    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
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    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
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     "status": "unreviewed",
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    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2017,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "City of Vienna (Stadt Wien)",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
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     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-40f7591f097dfbec",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Vienna's LED it shine retrofit dims streetlights on preconfigured night schedules",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-402bf635e776a9f2",
       "src-ea5239b39d0cb96d"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The luminaire manufacturer's case study on the Vienna programme states that the Vienna Round luminaire \"integrates a driver that is compatible with the city's own management system. The lighting is dimmed according to preconfigured scenarios to reduce energy consumption while guaranteeing visibility during the night.\" The city's own technical page independently confirms that scheduled night dimming is in use, listing among the advantages of the technology a \"Halbnachtschaltung zur Anpassung des Helligkeitsniveaus in den Nachtstunden durch Dimmung\" (part-night switching that adjusts brightness during the night hours by dimming) and noting that LED degradation \"kann durch die Software in modernen Treibern gut kompensiert werden\" (can be compensated by the software in modern drivers).",
      "caveat": "Only the manufacturer's case study mentions a central lighting-management system; none of the four City of Vienna pages names one. What the city itself describes is a dimming schedule set in the luminaire's driver, which needs no central control link. The programme name \"LED it shine\" is used by both the city and the manufacturer.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-578ed916611c57da",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "are built to add vehicle or pedestrian sensors later",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-402bf635e776a9f2"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The manufacturer's case study states that the luminaire \"has also been developed to integrate sensors that detect vehicles and people so that the lighting can be automatically adapted to what is really needed.\"",
      "caveat": "This describes a design capability, not an installation: no source says any sensor has been fitted in Vienna, and no City of Vienna page mentions vehicle or pedestrian detection at all. The statement comes from the company that sells the luminaire.",
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-be81445f73225523",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The 60,000-fixture catenary phase",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-402bf635e776a9f2"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The manufacturer's case study says the first phase \"involved installing around 60,000 catenary fixtures\". The city itself gives a lower figure: its technical page states \"Seit 2017 wurden rund 50.000 LED-Seilhängeleuchten in der ganzen Stadt eingesetzt\" (since 2017 around 50,000 LED catenary luminaires have been installed across the city), and the city's 2016 programme page had announced \"By the end of 2020, 50,000 catenary luminaires across the city will have been converted to LED.\" The operator's own count is therefore about a sixth lower than the supplier's.",
      "caveat": null,
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       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-34a0c0e7cfbadead",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "finished in 2020",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f60ded0eb8ebdcc3"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The city's rollout page states: \"Von 2017 bis 2020 wurden die alten Seilhängeleuchten gegen effiziente LED-Leuchten getauscht\" (from 2017 to 2020 the old catenary luminaires were exchanged for efficient LED luminaires).",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-01e5e5200c3d9081",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "by October 2025, 108,000+ of ~133,000 streetlights",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-236cd97fd9b412a7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Austrian daily reported on 31 October 2025: \"Schon mehr als 108.000 der insgesamt rund 133.000 Straßenleuchten wurden auf moderne LED-Technik umgerüstet\" (more than 108,000 of the roughly 133,000 street lights in total have already been converted to modern LED technology).",
      "caveat": "The denominator is the newspaper's, and it is not the figure the city publishes: the City of Vienna's own inventory page counts about 160,000 lighting fixtures, a wider category than street lights alone. The manufacturer's case study also describes the programme as covering 160,000 fixtures.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
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     {
      "id": "clm-77701604fd0acef9",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "with mast-mounted lights due by end 2026",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-236cd97fd9b412a7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The newspaper states \"Bis Ende 2026 sollen alle Mastleuchten auf LED umgerüstet sein\" (all mast lights are to be converted to LED by the end of 2026). The city's own rollout page names a later target for the same work: \"Bis 2027 werden die Mastansatzleuchten ausgetauscht\" (the mast-mounted luminaires will be exchanged by 2027). The two dates published on the same programme differ by a year.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-0a52d952f6037dda",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "and ~3,500 heritage fixtures by 2028",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-236cd97fd9b412a7",
       "src-f60ded0eb8ebdcc3"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The newspaper gives the count and the date: \"Dann bleiben noch etwa 3.500 Vintageleuchten, die bis 2028 ebenfalls mit den Wiener Standardeinsätzen ausgerüstet werden\" (about 3,500 vintage luminaires will then remain, which will likewise be fitted with the Viennese standard inserts by 2028). The city's rollout page confirms the deadline without a count: \"Bis 2028 werden auch jenen Leuchten getauscht, bei denen das historische Erscheinungsbild in Schutzzonen und Altstadtbereichen erhalten bleiben soll\" (by 2028 those luminaires will also be exchanged whose historic appearance is to be preserved in protected zones and old-town areas).",
      "caveat": "The count of about 3,500 appears only in the newspaper; the city names the 2028 deadline but publishes no number for these fixtures.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-ad83b1eb38dd8e79",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "City pages state modern LED fixtures cut per-fixture energy use 'over 50%'",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      ],
      "supportNote": "The city's rollout page states: \"Moderne LED-Leuchten verbrauchen über 50 Prozent weniger Energie als alte, konventionelle Modelle\" (modern LED luminaires consume over 50 per cent less energy than old, conventional models). The comparison is explicitly fixture against fixture.",
      "caveat": "The page names no measurement, no baseline year and no old fixture type against which the comparison was made, and it does not say what the figure means for the city's total lighting bill.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     },
     {
      "id": "clm-61036b4ba667a87e",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "Austrian press (heute.at, Oct 2025) cites 'more than 60%'",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-236cd97fd9b412a7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The newspaper writes: \"Mehr als 60 Prozent des bisherigen Stromverbrauchs fallen durch die LED-Leuchten weg\" (more than 60 per cent of the previous electricity consumption is eliminated by the LED luminaires).",
      "caveat": "The paper states the figure flatly, without naming who measured it or what period it covers, and it refers to total electricity use rather than the per-fixture comparison the city publishes. The article carries quotes from the planning councillor and the head of the municipal lighting department, so the number reads as the city's own.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     },
     {
      "id": "clm-114d4a8632660e7c",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "plus roughly 1,000 tons of CO2 avoided per year",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-236cd97fd9b412a7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The same article states: \"Durch den Umstieg spart Wien jedes Jahr rund 1.000 Tonnen CO2\" (through the switch Vienna saves around 1,000 tonnes of CO2 every year), illustrating it with a comparison to more than 800 one-way flights from Vienna to New York.",
      "caveat": "The newspaper gives no emission factor, no baseline and no source for the calculation, and no City of Vienna page reached from this entry publishes the figure.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-3e734d217997299f",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "the luminaire manufacturer Schréder claims 65% program-wide savings",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-402bf635e776a9f2"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The manufacturer's case study states, immediately after describing the preconfigured dimming scenarios: \"Indeed, the city has managed to reduce its energy consumption by 65%.\"",
      "caveat": "The sentence names no baseline, no period and no measurement, and it says \"its energy consumption\" without stating that only lighting is meant. It appears in a marketing case study by the company that supplied the luminaires, and it is the highest of the three savings figures in this entry.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-90ab3ff64503874c",
      "title": "Smart City Wien — LED it shine (authority)",
      "url": "https://smartcity.wien.gv.at/en/led-it-shine/",
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       "domain": "smartcity.wien.gv.at",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
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      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2016-04-03",
       "updatedAt": "2020-10-22",
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-22",
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      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Program overview: two-phase catenary/pole-mounted rollout, driver-based scheduled dimming, sensor-ready luminaire design.",
       "exact": false
      },
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     {
      "id": "src-f60ded0eb8ebdcc3",
      "title": "Stadt Wien — Tausch der Straßenbeleuchtung (authority)",
      "url": "https://www.wien.gv.at/verkehr/strassen/einrichtungen/beleuchtung/led-tausch/index.html",
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       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Official rollout timeline: catenary lights swapped 2017-2020; mast-mounted target 2027; heritage-style fixtures target 2028.",
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      },
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     {
      "id": "src-ee9304a40555e022",
      "title": "Stadt Wien — Zahlen und Daten zur Wiener Straßenbeleuchtung (authority)",
      "url": "https://www.wien.gv.at/verkehr/strassen/einrichtungen/beleuchtung/zahlen.html",
      "publisher": {
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       "domain": "wien.gv.at",
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      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Citywide lighting inventory: ~160,000 fixtures, 94,500 poles, ~2,800km of lit streets.",
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      },
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      "id": "src-ea5239b39d0cb96d",
      "title": "Stadt Wien — LED-Technik in der öffentlichen Beleuchtung (authority)",
      "url": "https://www.wien.gv.at/verkehr/strassen/einrichtungen/beleuchtung/led-tausch/technik/led.html",
      "publisher": {
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       "domain": "wien.gv.at",
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       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": "2025-09-23",
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-22",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
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      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Confirms driver-integrated dimming and part-night dimming schedule.",
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      "title": "Heute.at — Fertigstellung Ende 2026 (established Austrian press, 31 Oct 2025)",
      "url": "https://www.heute.at/s/wien-auf-zielgerade-zur-vollstaendigen-led-beleuchtung-120141025",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
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       "publishedAt": "2025-10-31",
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-22",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
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      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "108,000+ of ~133,000 streetlights (81%) converted as of Oct 2025; cites >60% electricity-use cut and ~1,000t CO2/year avoided.",
       "exact": false
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      "id": "src-402bf635e776a9f2",
      "title": "Schréder (vendor/trade press)",
      "url": "https://schreder.com/en/projects/customised-lighting-solution-help-vienna-achieve-smart-city-goals",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "schreder.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Luminaire manufacturer case study: 160,000-fixture program, preconfigured dimming scenarios, sensor-ready luminaires.",
       "exact": false
      },
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    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 11,
     "claimsMapped": 11,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 4,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 2,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}