{ "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0", "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z", "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.", "entity": { "type": "project", "id": "sao-paulo-metro-driverless", "title": "São Paulo Metro: the lines built to run with nobody aboard", "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/sao-paulo-metro-driverless/" }, "currentRevisionId": "2026-11-04-evidence-baseline", "revisions": [ { "id": "2026-11-04-evidence-baseline", "createdAt": "2026-11-04T05:37:35Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-11-03", "changeType": "baseline", "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 18 claims and 16 source dossiers.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "add", "path": "/evidencePassport", "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers." }, { "operation": "add", "path": "/revisionHistory", "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:a227776973c57046a99c9492dc92326ad20dbbb2c41200837ee78707aa17e533", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-11-03", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:ff2431d0e575647e88cfe7a80a4ac920699fdfe317880ce0a56f55bb3cd7529d", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "live", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "official", "timeline": { "started": 2010, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": "Companhia do Metropolitano de São Paulo (Metro, state-owned) for Line 15; Motiva Linha 4 (former ViaQuatro) for Line 4 under a state PPP concession", "actorTypes": [ "utility", "private" ], "fundingModel": "mixed", "fundingDescription": "State of Sao Paulo: Line 4 publicly built and operated under a 30-year PPP concession, Line 15 publicly built and operated by the state Metro company", "cost": null, "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-3350912bd4d81495", "field": "snippet", "text": "Line 4 (Yellow) has run without a driver since 2010", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-33af7b4863e9b170" ], "supportNote": "The operator says its trains run without a driver and dates partial commercial service to June 2010.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-a2a033937e5acded", "field": "snippet", "text": "was designed for unattended (UTO) operation", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-af5c849dd526d5ca", "src-9de768c40c0c2446" ], "supportNote": "Both peer-reviewed articles by the same researcher state that Line 4 was conceived for unattended train operation, with nobody aboard.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-00fba64c3f0a16a5", "field": "snippet", "text": "a 2021 peer-reviewed ethnography found the concessionaire keeping an assistance agent aboard its trains, trained to take manual control", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-9de768c40c0c2446" ], "supportNote": "The ethnography describes assistance and maintenance agents posted at the front of the automatic trains, trained on a simulator to drive manually in an emergency.", "caveat": "The fieldwork predates 2021; no later source says whether the practice continues.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-d16294d76ec583aa", "field": "snippet", "text": "a concessionaire, today Motiva Linha 4, operates it under a 30-year state PPP signed in 2006", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-33af7b4863e9b170" ], "supportNote": "The operator page states the 2006 contract with the state government and its 30-year term.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-2091004d8d7da5d5", "field": "snippet", "text": "The state-owned Metro's Line 15 monorail opened in 2014", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d9c88973a4658079" ], "supportNote": "The rolling-stock supplier's anniversary release dates the line's inauguration to 30 August 2014.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-b8316eee95a7dcff", "field": "snippet", "text": "with an operator on every train", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-49c3e30f24b79341" ], "supportNote": "The 2024 report says the monorail's trains would no longer carry operators, i.e. they had until then.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-b50f05ba8fa460c2", "field": "snippet", "text": "began automatic GoA4 running in August 2024 with the operators still aboard", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2619c5170b251638", "src-49c3e30f24b79341" ], "supportNote": "Automatic operation began on Sundays from 18 August 2024, and in that transition the operators stayed aboard.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-60ad69d58e28a969", "field": "snippet", "text": "started running with no operator aboard in March 2025, at weekends first", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d67e8e48bc650fdf" ], "supportNote": "The report dates the start of operator-free running to the weekend of 15–16 March 2025, at first on weekends only.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-233140e59f867812", "field": "snippet", "text": "a labour judge ordered the operators back in August 2025", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-f4938d9d7b3ea8d7" ], "supportNote": "The labour court's newsroom reports the 22 August 2025 ruling ordering operators back on every Line 15 train.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-cb2c158b4f539f9d", "field": "snippet", "text": "the labour court suspended that order on the Metro's appeal on 2 September 2025", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-4015d83e36d4edfa" ], "supportNote": "The report says the regional labour court accepted the Metro's appeal on 2 September 2025 and suspended the order to put operators back aboard.", "caveat": "The date of the appeal ruling is not stated in the sources listed here.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-c7c203d6c93b9a02", "field": "snippet", "text": "Line 5 is automatic but staffed", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-263637616ceebefc" ], "supportNote": "The operator explains that Line 5 trains are automatic under CBTC but carry train operators, and could only drop them once platform doors work.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-cf75d308a74831c6", "field": "snippet", "text": "the six Line 6 stations opened in July 2026 make no driverless claim", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d25d3e4c0a809b18" ], "supportNote": "The opening report describes six stations in assisted operation from 3 July 2026 and says nothing about driverless running.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-6c907f92f3a6c5b5", "field": "snippet", "text": "the Line 17 monorail, opened in March 2026 for unattended running, carried staff on its trips during its transitional phase", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-4171dd8223b978f6" ], "supportNote": "The report dates the opening to 31 March 2026, describes the UTO design and says staff accompany the trips during the transitional phase.", "caveat": "The report describes the first weeks of service; no later source states when, or whether, staff left the trains.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-69e4929665c3902c", "field": "snippet", "text": "platform-door cameras read passengers' reactions to adverts in 2018", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-98a14d800cf52547" ], "supportNote": "The report says the 2018 cameras in platform doors captured reactions to advertising, not security footage.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8e340c05485b1b4a", "field": "snippet", "text": "in May 2023 an appeal court raised ViaQuatro's collective damages from R$100,000 to R$500,000", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-98a14d800cf52547", "src-37aaf8f35102be35" ], "supportNote": "The São Paulo court's appeal ruling of 10 May 2023 raised the collective damages fivefold; the plaintiff's account gives both amounts.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-acaad839ddb07d8f", "field": "lesson", "text": "Line 4 was designed to run with nobody aboard and kept an agent on its trains", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-9de768c40c0c2446" ], "supportNote": "The ethnography contrasts the unattended design with the agents found on the automatic trains.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-bf6a1568da6cc3d3", "field": "lesson", "text": "Line 15 opened in 2014 with an operator on every train and needed ten years and a labour-court dispute to run without one", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d9c88973a4658079", "src-2619c5170b251638", "src-f4938d9d7b3ea8d7", "src-4015d83e36d4edfa" ], "supportNote": "The line opened in August 2014; automatic running with operators aboard came ten years later; a first-instance ruling, its suspension and an appeal ruling followed the operators' withdrawal.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-65d970d0f4b708d7", "field": "lesson", "text": "the stretch to Cidade Tiradentes, in its 2010 contract, remains under analysis", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2c969fc2ff33cda9" ], "supportNote": "The report says the contract signed in September 2010 covered Vila Prudente–Hospital Cidade Tiradentes and that the stretch beyond Jacu-Pêssego remains under analysis.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-33af7b4863e9b170", "title": "Motiva (former ViaQuatro) — about Line 4", "url": "https://trilhos.motiva.com.br/viaquatro/sobre/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "trilhos.motiva.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-3350912bd4d81495", "clm-d16294d76ec583aa" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator page: 30-year PPP concession signed in 2006, partial commercial service from June 2010, 12.8 km, 'driverless' system that runs trains without a driver, about 570,000 people a day, headway down to 90 seconds and to 75 seconds in special peak situations. Other Motiva releases and Wikipedia quote higher daily figures; the entry uses this page's figure.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-af5c849dd526d5ca", "title": "Galaxia (PUC-SP) — 'Automacao e agencia humana na Linha 4-Amarela do metro de Sao Paulo'", "url": "https://www.scielo.br/j/gal/a/9jvJkRnCTzpznvTnJRXZbVB/?lang=pt", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "scielo.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-a2a033937e5acded" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Peer-reviewed article by Janice Caiafa (UFRJ) on Line 4's automation: the line was designed for unattended operation (UTO) rather than DTO with an attendant aboard. The same author's 2021 ethnography documents that the concessionaire nevertheless keeps an agent on the trains.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-d67e8e48bc650fdf", "title": "Diario do Transporte — Line 15 begins fully automated operation (14 Mar 2025)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2025/03/14/linha-15-prata-de-monotrilho-inicia-operacao-totalmente-automatizada-a-partir-deste-fim-de-semana-entidades-questionam-seguranca/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-60ad69d58e28a969" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-03-14", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "From the weekend of 15–16 March 2025 the monorail runs GoA4/UTO, at first on weekends only, later extended to off-peak and then all service; the Metro says no operator will lose their job; the Metroviários union and the national federation dispute its safety.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-f4938d9d7b3ea8d7", "title": "TRT-2 (labour court) — sentence ordering operators back aboard Line 15", "url": "https://ww2.trt2.jus.br/noticias/noticias/noticia/sentenca-determina-retorno-de-operadores-de-trem-na-linha-15-prata", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "ww2.trt2.jus.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-233140e59f867812", "clm-bf6a1568da6cc3d3" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-08-25", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Court's own newsroom: the 14a Vara do Trabalho da Zona Leste-SP ruled on 22 Aug 2025 that operators must be present 'em todas as composicoes da Linha 15-Prata', 30 days to comply, daily fine of R$5,000, citing evacuation from a monorail viaduct about 15 m above the street.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-4015d83e36d4edfa", "title": "Mobilidade Sampa — TRT suspends the order (2 Sep 2025)", "url": "https://mobilidadesampa.com.br/2025/09/linha-15-prata-operacao-automatizada-trt/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "mobilidadesampa.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-cb2c158b4f539f9d", "clm-bf6a1568da6cc3d3" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-09-02", "updatedAt": "2025-09-10", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "'O Tribunal Regional do Trabalho (TRT) acolheu, nesta terca-feira (2), um recurso apresentado pelo Metro', granting 'efeito suspensivo a decisao que determinava o retorno dos operadores embarcados'; automated running 'segue em vigor', 'sem operadores embarcados'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-98a14d800cf52547", "title": "Diario do Transporte — damages raised from R$100,000 to R$500,000 (16 May 2023)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2023/05/16/justica-eleva-de-r-100-mil-para-r-500-mil-indenizacao-a-ser-paga-pela-viaquatro-por-uso-de-cameras-de-reconhecimento-facial-na-linha-4-de-metro-em-sao-paulo/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-69e4929665c3902c", "clm-8e340c05485b1b4a" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-05-16", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "'A 8a Camara de Direito Publico do TJSP elevou de R$ 100 mil para R$ 500 mil a indenizacao coletiva a ser paga pela ViaQuatro'; 'o acordao e de 10 de maio'; equipment sat in platform doors at seven Line 4 stations and existed to capture reactions to advertising, not for security or train operation; damages go to the Fundo de Defesa de Direitos Difusos.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-37aaf8f35102be35", "title": "Idec — consumer body that brought the action", "url": "https://idec.org.br/noticia/idec-vence-acao-contra-uso-de-reconhecimento-facial-e-viaquatro-e-condenada-pagar", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "idec.org.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-8e340c05485b1b4a" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-05-12", "updatedAt": "2023-05-16", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Plaintiff's account of the same case: first instance awarded R$100,000 in collective damages, raised to R$500,000 on the appeal of Idec, the Public Defender's Office and the Public Prosecutor's Office.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-263637616ceebefc", "title": "Motiva — Line 5 (Lilac) FAQ", "url": "https://trilhos.motiva.com.br/linha-5-lilas/duvidas-frequentes/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "trilhos.motiva.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-c7c203d6c93b9a02" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator states Line 5 trains are automatic because of CBTC but 'pode receber um upgrade' to driverless operation, which would require working platform doors. Basis for excluding Line 5 from the unattended count.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-d25d3e4c0a809b18", "title": "CNN Brasil — Line 6 opens its first six stations (2 Jul 2026)", "url": "https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/nacional/sudeste/sp/governo-de-sp-entrega-primeira-etapa-da-linha-6-laranja-de-metro/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "cnnbrasil.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-cf75d308a74831c6" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-07-02", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Six stations opened on 2 July 2026 in 180 days of 'operacao assistida' with 'circulacao controlada dos trens'; free travel, weekdays 10h-15h only; Acciona builds and the concessionaire operates for 19 years. No driverless claim is made, so Line 6 is not counted as unattended.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-b490665c0db5a780", "title": "Metro de Sao Paulo — transparency portal, demand dataset", "url": "https://transparencia.metrosp.com.br/dataset/demanda", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "transparencia.metrosp.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The state operator publishes monthly passengers carried per line in open format; basis for the statement that ridership, not punctuality or headway performance, is what is actually published.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-9de768c40c0c2446", "title": "Fronteiras – estudos midiáticos (Unisinos) — Caiafa, 'Dinâmicas da inovação: automação integral da condução e agência humana na Linha 4' (2021)", "url": "https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/fronteiras/article/view/21256", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "revistas.unisinos.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-a2a033937e5acded", "clm-00fba64c3f0a16a5", "clm-acaad839ddb07d8f" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2021-04-26", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Peer-reviewed ethnography of Line 4 by Janice Caiafa (UFRJ). Line 4 was conceived for unattended operation (UTO), but the concessionaire keeps an assistance and maintenance agent aboard the automatic trains, posted at the front beside the hidden console and trained on a simulator to take manual control in an emergency; station staffing also stayed higher than the project planned. Fieldwork before 2021.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-49c3e30f24b79341", "title": "Diario do Transporte — Line 15 trains to run without operators from August (16 Jul 2024)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2024/07/16/trens-do-monotrilho-da-linha-15-prata-circularao-sem-operadores-a-partir-de-agosto/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-b8316eee95a7dcff", "clm-b50f05ba8fa460c2" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2024-07-16", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The Metro announces that Line 15 trains will no longer carry operators (OTs) and will move to GoA4 automation from August 2024, with operators withdrawn gradually and no dismissals.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-2619c5170b251638", "title": "Diario do Transporte — Line 15 automatic on Saturdays too, operators still aboard (5 Sep 2024)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2024/09/05/em-primeira-mao-no-diario-do-transporte-monotrilho-da-linha-15-prata-vai-funcionar-de-forma-100-automatizada-aos-sabados-tambem-a-partir-de-07-de-setembro-de-2024-mas-ots-seguem-embarcados-ainda/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-b50f05ba8fa460c2", "clm-bf6a1568da6cc3d3" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2024-09-05", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Automatic operation on Line 15 began on Sundays from 18 August 2024 and extended to Saturdays from 7 September 2024; in this transition the train operators remained aboard.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-d9c88973a4658079", "title": "Alstom — a decade of Line 15 monorail operation (29 Aug 2024)", "url": "https://alstom.com/sites/alstom.com/files/2024/08/29/20240829_PR_Sao_Paulo_monorail_anniversary_PT.pdf", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "alstom.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "pdf", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-2091004d8d7da5d5", "clm-bf6a1568da6cc3d3" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2024-08-29", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Supplier release marking ten years of Line 15, inaugurated on 30 August 2014.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-4171dd8223b978f6", "title": "Diario do Transporte — Line 17 opens with automated trains (3 Apr 2026)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2026/04/03/linha-17-ouro-inicia-operacao-com-trens-automatizados-entenda-tecnologia-que-dispensa-condutores-dentro-das-cabines-de-comando/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-6c907f92f3a6c5b5" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-04-03", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Line 17 (Gold) monorail opened on 31 March 2026, designed for unattended operation (UTO) with CBTC; during the initial transitional phase staff accompany the trips while system reliability is checked.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-2c969fc2ff33cda9", "title": "Diario do Transporte — Metro extends Line 15 monorail contract to April 2027 (21 Sep 2026)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2026/09/21/metro-prorroga-ate-abril-de-2027-contrato-com-consorcio-expresso-monotrilho-leste-para-a-linha-15-prata/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-65d970d0f4b708d7" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-09-21", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-11-03", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-11-04", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Line 15's implementation contract, signed in September 2010 for Vila Prudente–Hospital Cidade Tiradentes, received its 19th amendment; the stretch from Jacu-Pêssego to Hospital Cidade Tiradentes remains under analysis.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 18, "claimsMapped": 18, "sourcesTotal": 16, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 15, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 12, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } } ] }