{ "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0", "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z", "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.", "entity": { "type": "project", "id": "sao-paulo-bilhete-unico", "title": "Bilhete Único: São Paulo's three-hour bus and rail fare integration", "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/sao-paulo-bilhete-unico/" }, "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-23-source-url-correction", "revisions": [ { "id": "2026-08-20-claim-baseline", "createdAt": "2026-08-21T13:35:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-07-26", "changeType": "baseline", "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 11 claims and 13 source dossiers.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "add", "path": "/evidencePassport", "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers." }, { "operation": "add", "path": "/revisionHistory", "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:7a0f122338a454a63193a51bd275a70b16c49dbe1db22d800588a37f323b7fdc", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:324c7784a51384c61e82ea724e8c620ae219563f9bb79d76eab40d6d749ccce0", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "live", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "official", "timeline": { "started": 2004, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": "São Paulo Transporte S/A (SPTrans), Secretaria Municipal de Mobilidade e Transporte; rail integration with the state-run Metrô de São Paulo and CPTM", "actorTypes": [ "utility", "city-government" ], "fundingModel": "public", "fundingDescription": "City of São Paulo (SPTrans, fare revenue plus municipal subsidy); the 2005 rail integration cost was shared with the state government", "cost": "≈R$15M for the 2005 bus-rail integration rollout, split evenly between city and state", "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-671ce8303502765a", "field": "snippet", "text": "São Paulo's contactless Bilhete Único launched on 18 May 2004", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1" ], "supportNote": "The city's own tenth-anniversary retrospective dates it: 'Quando foi lançado, em 18 de maio de 2004' ('when it was launched, on 18 May 2004'), and records 43 million cards issued in the first ten years.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-11a96387d2d80af6", "field": "snippet", "text": "the state-run Metro and CPTM trains were added from 2006", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1", "src-7617db82c623807a" ], "supportNote": "The city's retrospective states 'A partir de 2006, o Bilhete Único passou a ser utilizado também pelos passageiros da CPTM e do Metrô' ('from 2006 the Bilhete Único came to be used also by CPTM and Metro passengers'). The 2005 announcement gives the mechanics and the price of joining two administrations: rollout 'progressivamente a partir do final de novembro', at 'R$ 15 milhões, divididos igualmente entre Prefeitura e Estado' — split equally between city and state.", "caveat": "The announcement dates the rollout from late November 2005; the entry follows the city's own retrospective and says passengers used it from 2006.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-26e9ec3b208a3736", "field": "snippet", "text": "the bus window widened to three hours in 2008", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-3e154645ea262e4a" ], "supportNote": "The city dates the extension precisely — 'Entrou em vigor nesta segunda-feira (28/07)' ('came into force this Monday, 28/07') — affecting '6 milhões de passageiros que podem fazer até quatro viagens pagando apenas uma passagem'.", "caveat": "The extension is widely misattributed to the 2014 Haddad administration, which in fact launched the separate monthly and daily temporal passes. The entry follows the 2008 municipal announcement.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "field": "snippet", "text": "Ordinary bank cards work at Metro turnstiles since December 2025 and on 12 bus lines since 2019, but a bank tap buys no transfers", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-db350623e9269eb0", "src-d9277ba9487babf3", "src-49f431407482de0c" ], "supportNote": "The operator's own current page states the limit outright — 'O pagamento por essa tecnologia não permite integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com outros modais' ('payment by this technology does not allow fare integration with other buses or other modes') — and still lists the same 12 lines the 2019 pilot began with. The December 2025 rail rollout claims no bus integration anywhere.", "caveat": "The rail rollout has its own limits: physical Mastercard, Visa and Elo cards only in this first phase, at least one dedicated turnstile per station, and the same card usable again only after a 30-minute interval. An engineering-association summary asserting that Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay work contradicts the operator and the trade press, and was not used.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-60099d2e1d53407d", "field": "snippet", "text": "SPTrans blocked 123,700 cards for irregular credit use in the first five months of 2025", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-30c8130e29a4fdc4", "src-8928d99490d7e33e" ], "supportNote": "The 2025 report states 'nos cinco primeiros meses do ano, 123,7 mil cartões acabaram bloqueados por uso irregular de crédito', alongside 99 police reports and seven arrests. The city audit court had already found the underlying cause: 'o software do Bilhete Único é de 2004, desde sua criação, e é vulnerável a várias fraudes', with 60% of circulating cards on outdated technology and the remaining 40% also vulnerable.", "caveat": "The R$100 million modernisation figure that circulates with the audit is attributed in the reporting to a news report, not to the audit itself, and is not used here.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1", "field": "impact", "text": "One integrated fare of R$9.38 (rates effective 6 January 2026) covers up to three municipal bus boardings within three hours plus one Metro or CPTM boarding in the first two hours", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9", "src-a799b4aade27bf7f" ], "supportNote": "The operator's fare table sets the integrated credit at R$9,38 and defines what it buys: 'permite até três embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, e um embarque no Metrô/Trem, nas duas primeiras horas'. The rulebook restates it as 'Um embarque no sistema trilhos (Metrô/CPTM) e até 3 embarques em ônibus diferentes no período de 3 horas', the rail leg 'durante as duas primeiras horas'.", "caveat": "Bus-only travel is more generous than the integrated fare: the rulebook allows 'Até 4 embarques em ônibus diferentes' on one common bus fare. Adding rail costs one of the bus boardings.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-e2298c5fd5a80576", "field": "impact", "text": "bought separately a bus fare is R$5.30 and a rail fare R$5.40", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The same fare table lists bus-only at R$5,30 and rail-only at R$5,40 — so the integrated fare of R$9,38 is less than the two bought apart, which is the discount the transfer rule buys.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-35b8c60dea92d1dc", "field": "impact", "text": "A monthly integrated pass costs R$411.13 for ten boardings a day over 31 days", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The fare table lists the monthly integrated pass at R$411,13, which 'dá direito a dez embarques/dia durante 31 dias corridos' ('gives the right to ten boardings a day for 31 consecutive days').", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad", "field": "impact", "text": "Municipal buses have been free every Sunday since 17 December 2023, which the city put at about R$280 million a year in forgone fare revenue", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-c9c3b947b7ba1fb3", "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The city announced free Sunday travel from 17 December 2023 on all SPTrans municipal lines and put the forgone revenue at 'R$ 280 milhões no ano'. The current fare table corroborates that it still holds, listing 'Gratuidade aos domingos: R$ 0,00'.", "caveat": "It covers buses only. The announcement is explicit that rail is outside it: 'Não há necessidade de integração com o sistema metroferroviário'.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8f732cdded6706a4", "field": "lesson", "text": "São Paulo has carried transfer rules across a municipal bus operator and a state rail operator since 2006 on a proprietary card", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-845094ffdc37d9f4", "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1" ], "supportNote": "The two administrations remain distinct instruments: the state operator's page carries the municipal Bilhete Único for bus-rail integration credit while its own Cartão TOP works on rail and on intermunicipal EMTU buses 'com redução tarifária no segundo embarque'. The integration itself dates from 2006 on the city's own account.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-3112c4545f12ed36", "field": "lesson", "text": "seven years after its bank-card pilot began it still cannot do the same with a bank card: tapping Visa or Mastercard buys one ride, never an integration", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-49f431407482de0c", "src-d9277ba9487babf3" ], "supportNote": "The 2019 pilot began on 16 September on 12 bus lines and said so from the start: 'Nesta primeira fase do projeto não haverá a integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com os sistemas de trilhos.' The operator's current page still lists those 12 lines plus 3 terminals and 6 Expresso Tiradentes stations, and still says the technology allows no fare integration.", "caveat": "'First phase' language from 2019 has not been superseded by any later operator statement found; the entry treats the limit as current because the operator's own live page repeats it.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-d078e86397b7c0d9", "title": "SPTrans — Tarifas (fares effective 6 January 2026)", "url": "https://www.sptrans.com.br/tarifas/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1", "clm-e2298c5fd5a80576", "clm-35b8c60dea92d1dc", "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-01-06", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator fare table. Integrated common credit R$9,38: 'permite até três embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, e um embarque no Metrô/Trem, nas duas primeiras horas' ('allows up to three boardings on different buses within three hours, and one Metro/train boarding in the first two hours'). Bus-only R$5,30; rail-only R$5,40; VT integrated R$11,32; monthly integrated R$411,13, which 'dá direito a dez embarques/dia durante 31 dias corridos' ('gives the right to ten boardings a day for 31 consecutive days'). Also lists 'Gratuidade aos domingos: R$ 0,00' ('free on Sundays').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-a799b4aade27bf7f", "title": "SPTrans — Bilhete Único Comum, rules of use", "url": "https://bilheteunico.sptrans.com.br/comum/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bilheteunico.sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator rulebook: 'Até 4 embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, com o pagamento de uma tarifa de Ônibus Comum' ('up to 4 boardings on different buses within three hours on one common bus fare') and 'Um embarque no sistema trilhos (Metrô/CPTM) e até 3 embarques em ônibus diferentes no período de 3 horas' ('one rail boarding plus up to 3 boardings on different buses within 3 hours'), the rail leg 'durante as duas primeiras horas' ('during the first two hours').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Bilhete Único completa 10 anos (19 May 2014)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/mobilidade/w/noticias/171469", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-671ce8303502765a", "clm-11a96387d2d80af6", "clm-8f732cdded6706a4" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2014-05-19", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "City retrospective, source for the launch date and the rail integration year: 'Quando foi lançado, em 18 de maio de 2004' ('when it was launched, on 18 May 2004') and 'A partir de 2006, o Bilhete Único passou a ser utilizado também pelos passageiros da CPTM e do Metrô' ('from 2006 the Bilhete Único came to be used also by CPTM and Metro passengers'). It adds that 43 million cards were issued in the first ten years.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-7617db82c623807a", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Integração do Bilhete Único com metrô e trens da CPTM começa em novembro (2 September 2005)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/comunicacao/w/noticias/138745", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-11a96387d2d80af6" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2005-09-02", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Announcement of the bus-rail integration: 'A integração será implantada progressivamente a partir do final de novembro' ('the integration will be rolled out progressively from the end of November') and 'o custo será de R$ 15 milhões, divididos igualmente entre Prefeitura e Estado' ('the cost will be R$15 million, split equally between the city and the state'). Source of the cost figure; the city's own 2014 retrospective dates passenger use from 2006, so the entry uses 2006.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-3e154645ea262e4a", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Uso do Bilhete Único é ampliado de 2 para 3 horas (28 July 2008)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/comunicacao/w/noticias/126963", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-26e9ec3b208a3736" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2008-07-28", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Dates the extension of the transfer window: 'Entrou em vigor nesta segunda-feira (28/07)' ('came into force this Monday, 28/07'), affecting '6 milhões de passageiros que podem fazer até quatro viagens pagando apenas uma passagem' ('6 million passengers who can make up to four trips paying only one fare'). This correction matters: the extension is widely misattributed to the 2014 Haddad administration, which in fact launched the separate monthly and daily temporal passes.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-49f431407482de0c", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo / SMT — pilot for contactless bank-card fare payment on buses (17 September 2019)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/mobilidade/w/noticias/284210", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "clm-3112c4545f12ed36" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2019-09-17", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Pilot began 16 September 2019 on 12 bus lines, planned for three months or 500,000 transactions. Key limit: 'Nesta primeira fase do projeto não haverá a integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com os sistemas de trilhos' ('in this first phase there will be no fare integration with other buses or with the rail systems'), plus a cap of 'ligado 5 passagens em meia hora e 10 passagens por dia' ('5 fares in half an hour and 10 fares a day').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-d9277ba9487babf3", "title": "SPTrans — Pagamento da tarifa com cartão de débito e crédito (current)", "url": "https://www.sptrans.com.br/pagamento-da-tarifa-com-cartao-de-débito-e-credito/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "clm-3112c4545f12ed36" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator page still listing the same 12 lines plus 3 terminals and 6 Expresso Tiradentes stations seven years after the pilot began, and stating 'O pagamento por essa tecnologia não permite integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com outros modais' ('payment by this technology does not allow fare integration with other buses or other modes'). Canonical URL without the accent: https://www.sptrans.com.br/pagamento-da-tarifa-com-cartao-de-debito-e-credito/", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-845094ffdc37d9f4", "title": "Metrô de São Paulo — Bilhetes e Cartões", "url": "https://www.metro.sp.gov.br/sua-viagem/bilhetes-cartoes/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "metro.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-8f732cdded6706a4" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "State operator page confirming the two-administration governance: the municipal Bilhete Único carries bus-rail integration credit, while the state Cartão TOP works on rail and on intermunicipal EMTU buses 'com redução tarifária no segundo embarque' ('with a fare reduction on the second boarding'). Municipal and state instruments remain distinct.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-db350623e9269eb0", "title": "Diário do Transporte — Catracas do Metrô passam a aceitar pagamento por aproximação em todas as linhas (1 December 2025)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2025/12/01/catracas-do-metro-passam-a-aceitar-pagamento-por-aproximacao-em-todas-as-linhas/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-12-01", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Independent trade press, replacing the operator's own post at metro.sp.gov.br which returns 404. Establishes the December 2025 open-loop rollout and its limits: physical Mastercard, Visa and Elo cards only, with virtual cards on phones and smartwatches not accepted in this first phase; at least one dedicated turnstile per station; lines 1 and 3 first, lines 2 and 15 during December; the same card usable again only after a 30-minute interval; and a pilot of six months, extendable. No fare integration with buses is claimed anywhere, which is the point this entry rests on. An engineering-association summary (aeamesp.org.br, 3 December 2025) asserts that Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay work — that contradicts the operator and the trade press and was not used.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-c9c3b947b7ba1fb3", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Cidade de São Paulo terá Tarifa Zero nos ônibus aos domingos (11 December 2023)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/w/noticia/cidade-de-sao-paulo-tera-tarifa-zero-nos-onibus-aos-domingos-a-partir-do-dia-17", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-12-11", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Free Sunday travel from 17 December 2023 on all SPTrans municipal lines, explicitly not covering rail: 'Não há necessidade de integração com o sistema metroferroviário' ('there is no need for integration with the metro-rail system'). Forgone revenue put at 'R$ 280 milhões no ano' ('R$280 million a year'). Independently corroborated by the current SPTrans fare table.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-8928d99490d7e33e", "title": "Diário do Transporte — TCM audit finds the Bilhete Único system outdated and insecure (11 July 2019)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2019/07/11/auditoria-do-tcm-mostra-que-sistema-de-bilhete-unico-de-sao-paulo-utiliza-tecnologia-ultrapassada-e-insegura/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-60099d2e1d53407d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2019-07-11", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Trade press reporting the Tribunal de Contas do Município audit: 'o sistema de Bilhete Único da cidade tem tecnologia ultrapassada e insegura, o que possibilita fraudes' ('the city's Bilhete Único system uses outdated and insecure technology, which enables fraud'); 'o software do Bilhete Único é de 2004, desde sua criação, e é vulnerável a várias fraudes'; '60% dos cartões em circulação são de tecnologia já ultrapassada, mas os 40% restantes também têm vulnerabilidade' ('60% of cards in circulation use already outdated technology, but the remaining 40% are also vulnerable'). The R$100 million modernisation figure is attributed in the article to a news report, not to the audit.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-30c8130e29a4fdc4", "title": "Jornal de Brasília / Agência Estado — SPTrans registrou quase 100 boletins de ocorrência contra fraudes em bilhete único em 2025 (10 June 2025)", "url": "https://jornaldebrasilia.com.br/noticias/brasil/sptrans-registrou-quase-100-boletins-de-ocorrencia-contra-fraudes-em-bilhete-unico-em-2025/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "jornaldebrasilia.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-60099d2e1d53407d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-06-10", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Source of the 2025 fraud figures: 'SPTrans registrou neste ano 99 boletins de ocorrência em delegacias da capital contra fraudes no bilhete único' ('SPTrans filed 99 police reports this year against Bilhete Único fraud') and 'nos cinco primeiros meses do ano, 123,7 mil cartões acabaram bloqueados por uso irregular de crédito' ('in the first five months of the year, 123,700 cards were blocked for irregular use of credit'), with seven arrests.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-bdba8e1b0592ceef", "title": "Portal de Dados Abertos da Prefeitura de São Paulo — SPTrans datasets", "url": "http://dados.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/dataset?organization=sptrans", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dados.prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "SPTrans publishes five datasets under Creative Commons CCZero (CC0): payroll, cash flow, code of conduct, 'Créditos Eletrônicos do Bilhete Único' (outstanding card credit by card type) and the tariff cost spreadsheet. No boarding-level, origin-destination or transaction ride data is published, which is why this entry carries no open-data tag.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 11, "claimsMapped": 11, "sourcesTotal": 13, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 12, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 9, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } }, { "id": "2026-08-21-source-dates", "createdAt": "2026-08-22T02:36:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-07-26", "changeType": "update", "summary": "Record the publication date of each source that states one; a source that publishes no date is marked null, and one that shows only a revision carries `updated` instead.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint", "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record." }, { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/sources", "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:0b35240c5b121e56302524f1868efeab41ac166a68736d0f3cf1ae6133399d5c", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:cb81ee5e9ee9faa678424606eef39abbef7cc7ae6c568532fb5a7e7b63c252f5", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "live", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "official", "timeline": { "started": 2004, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": "São Paulo Transporte S/A (SPTrans), Secretaria Municipal de Mobilidade e Transporte; rail integration with the state-run Metrô de São Paulo and CPTM", "actorTypes": [ "utility", "city-government" ], "fundingModel": "public", "fundingDescription": "City of São Paulo (SPTrans, fare revenue plus municipal subsidy); the 2005 rail integration cost was shared with the state government", "cost": "≈R$15M for the 2005 bus-rail integration rollout, split evenly between city and state", "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-671ce8303502765a", "field": "snippet", "text": "São Paulo's contactless Bilhete Único launched on 18 May 2004", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1" ], "supportNote": "The city's own tenth-anniversary retrospective dates it: 'Quando foi lançado, em 18 de maio de 2004' ('when it was launched, on 18 May 2004'), and records 43 million cards issued in the first ten years.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-11a96387d2d80af6", "field": "snippet", "text": "the state-run Metro and CPTM trains were added from 2006", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1", "src-7617db82c623807a" ], "supportNote": "The city's retrospective states 'A partir de 2006, o Bilhete Único passou a ser utilizado também pelos passageiros da CPTM e do Metrô' ('from 2006 the Bilhete Único came to be used also by CPTM and Metro passengers'). The 2005 announcement gives the mechanics and the price of joining two administrations: rollout 'progressivamente a partir do final de novembro', at 'R$ 15 milhões, divididos igualmente entre Prefeitura e Estado' — split equally between city and state.", "caveat": "The announcement dates the rollout from late November 2005; the entry follows the city's own retrospective and says passengers used it from 2006.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-26e9ec3b208a3736", "field": "snippet", "text": "the bus window widened to three hours in 2008", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-3e154645ea262e4a" ], "supportNote": "The city dates the extension precisely — 'Entrou em vigor nesta segunda-feira (28/07)' ('came into force this Monday, 28/07') — affecting '6 milhões de passageiros que podem fazer até quatro viagens pagando apenas uma passagem'.", "caveat": "The extension is widely misattributed to the 2014 Haddad administration, which in fact launched the separate monthly and daily temporal passes. The entry follows the 2008 municipal announcement.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "field": "snippet", "text": "Ordinary bank cards work at Metro turnstiles since December 2025 and on 12 bus lines since 2019, but a bank tap buys no transfers", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-db350623e9269eb0", "src-d9277ba9487babf3", "src-49f431407482de0c" ], "supportNote": "The operator's own current page states the limit outright — 'O pagamento por essa tecnologia não permite integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com outros modais' ('payment by this technology does not allow fare integration with other buses or other modes') — and still lists the same 12 lines the 2019 pilot began with. The December 2025 rail rollout claims no bus integration anywhere.", "caveat": "The rail rollout has its own limits: physical Mastercard, Visa and Elo cards only in this first phase, at least one dedicated turnstile per station, and the same card usable again only after a 30-minute interval. An engineering-association summary asserting that Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay work contradicts the operator and the trade press, and was not used.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-60099d2e1d53407d", "field": "snippet", "text": "SPTrans blocked 123,700 cards for irregular credit use in the first five months of 2025", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-30c8130e29a4fdc4", "src-8928d99490d7e33e" ], "supportNote": "The 2025 report states 'nos cinco primeiros meses do ano, 123,7 mil cartões acabaram bloqueados por uso irregular de crédito', alongside 99 police reports and seven arrests. The city audit court had already found the underlying cause: 'o software do Bilhete Único é de 2004, desde sua criação, e é vulnerável a várias fraudes', with 60% of circulating cards on outdated technology and the remaining 40% also vulnerable.", "caveat": "The R$100 million modernisation figure that circulates with the audit is attributed in the reporting to a news report, not to the audit itself, and is not used here.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1", "field": "impact", "text": "One integrated fare of R$9.38 (rates effective 6 January 2026) covers up to three municipal bus boardings within three hours plus one Metro or CPTM boarding in the first two hours", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9", "src-a799b4aade27bf7f" ], "supportNote": "The operator's fare table sets the integrated credit at R$9,38 and defines what it buys: 'permite até três embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, e um embarque no Metrô/Trem, nas duas primeiras horas'. The rulebook restates it as 'Um embarque no sistema trilhos (Metrô/CPTM) e até 3 embarques em ônibus diferentes no período de 3 horas', the rail leg 'durante as duas primeiras horas'.", "caveat": "Bus-only travel is more generous than the integrated fare: the rulebook allows 'Até 4 embarques em ônibus diferentes' on one common bus fare. Adding rail costs one of the bus boardings.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-e2298c5fd5a80576", "field": "impact", "text": "bought separately a bus fare is R$5.30 and a rail fare R$5.40", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The same fare table lists bus-only at R$5,30 and rail-only at R$5,40 — so the integrated fare of R$9,38 is less than the two bought apart, which is the discount the transfer rule buys.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-35b8c60dea92d1dc", "field": "impact", "text": "A monthly integrated pass costs R$411.13 for ten boardings a day over 31 days", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The fare table lists the monthly integrated pass at R$411,13, which 'dá direito a dez embarques/dia durante 31 dias corridos' ('gives the right to ten boardings a day for 31 consecutive days').", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad", "field": "impact", "text": "Municipal buses have been free every Sunday since 17 December 2023, which the city put at about R$280 million a year in forgone fare revenue", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-c9c3b947b7ba1fb3", "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The city announced free Sunday travel from 17 December 2023 on all SPTrans municipal lines and put the forgone revenue at 'R$ 280 milhões no ano'. The current fare table corroborates that it still holds, listing 'Gratuidade aos domingos: R$ 0,00'.", "caveat": "It covers buses only. The announcement is explicit that rail is outside it: 'Não há necessidade de integração com o sistema metroferroviário'.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8f732cdded6706a4", "field": "lesson", "text": "São Paulo has carried transfer rules across a municipal bus operator and a state rail operator since 2006 on a proprietary card", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-845094ffdc37d9f4", "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1" ], "supportNote": "The two administrations remain distinct instruments: the state operator's page carries the municipal Bilhete Único for bus-rail integration credit while its own Cartão TOP works on rail and on intermunicipal EMTU buses 'com redução tarifária no segundo embarque'. The integration itself dates from 2006 on the city's own account.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-3112c4545f12ed36", "field": "lesson", "text": "seven years after its bank-card pilot began it still cannot do the same with a bank card: tapping Visa or Mastercard buys one ride, never an integration", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-49f431407482de0c", "src-d9277ba9487babf3" ], "supportNote": "The 2019 pilot began on 16 September on 12 bus lines and said so from the start: 'Nesta primeira fase do projeto não haverá a integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com os sistemas de trilhos.' The operator's current page still lists those 12 lines plus 3 terminals and 6 Expresso Tiradentes stations, and still says the technology allows no fare integration.", "caveat": "'First phase' language from 2019 has not been superseded by any later operator statement found; the entry treats the limit as current because the operator's own live page repeats it.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-d078e86397b7c0d9", "title": "SPTrans — Tarifas (fares effective 6 January 2026)", "url": "https://www.sptrans.com.br/tarifas/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1", "clm-e2298c5fd5a80576", "clm-35b8c60dea92d1dc", "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": "2026-01-06", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator fare table. Integrated common credit R$9,38: 'permite até três embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, e um embarque no Metrô/Trem, nas duas primeiras horas' ('allows up to three boardings on different buses within three hours, and one Metro/train boarding in the first two hours'). Bus-only R$5,30; rail-only R$5,40; VT integrated R$11,32; monthly integrated R$411,13, which 'dá direito a dez embarques/dia durante 31 dias corridos' ('gives the right to ten boardings a day for 31 consecutive days'). Also lists 'Gratuidade aos domingos: R$ 0,00' ('free on Sundays').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-a799b4aade27bf7f", "title": "SPTrans — Bilhete Único Comum, rules of use", "url": "https://bilheteunico.sptrans.com.br/comum/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bilheteunico.sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator rulebook: 'Até 4 embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, com o pagamento de uma tarifa de Ônibus Comum' ('up to 4 boardings on different buses within three hours on one common bus fare') and 'Um embarque no sistema trilhos (Metrô/CPTM) e até 3 embarques em ônibus diferentes no período de 3 horas' ('one rail boarding plus up to 3 boardings on different buses within 3 hours'), the rail leg 'durante as duas primeiras horas' ('during the first two hours').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Bilhete Único completa 10 anos (19 May 2014)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/mobilidade/w/noticias/171469", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-671ce8303502765a", "clm-11a96387d2d80af6", "clm-8f732cdded6706a4" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2014-05-19", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "City retrospective, source for the launch date and the rail integration year: 'Quando foi lançado, em 18 de maio de 2004' ('when it was launched, on 18 May 2004') and 'A partir de 2006, o Bilhete Único passou a ser utilizado também pelos passageiros da CPTM e do Metrô' ('from 2006 the Bilhete Único came to be used also by CPTM and Metro passengers'). It adds that 43 million cards were issued in the first ten years.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-7617db82c623807a", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Integração do Bilhete Único com metrô e trens da CPTM começa em novembro (2 September 2005)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/comunicacao/w/noticias/138745", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-11a96387d2d80af6" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2005-09-02", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Announcement of the bus-rail integration: 'A integração será implantada progressivamente a partir do final de novembro' ('the integration will be rolled out progressively from the end of November') and 'o custo será de R$ 15 milhões, divididos igualmente entre Prefeitura e Estado' ('the cost will be R$15 million, split equally between the city and the state'). Source of the cost figure; the city's own 2014 retrospective dates passenger use from 2006, so the entry uses 2006.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-3e154645ea262e4a", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Uso do Bilhete Único é ampliado de 2 para 3 horas (28 July 2008)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/comunicacao/w/noticias/126963", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-26e9ec3b208a3736" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2008-07-28", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Dates the extension of the transfer window: 'Entrou em vigor nesta segunda-feira (28/07)' ('came into force this Monday, 28/07'), affecting '6 milhões de passageiros que podem fazer até quatro viagens pagando apenas uma passagem' ('6 million passengers who can make up to four trips paying only one fare'). This correction matters: the extension is widely misattributed to the 2014 Haddad administration, which in fact launched the separate monthly and daily temporal passes.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-49f431407482de0c", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo / SMT — pilot for contactless bank-card fare payment on buses (17 September 2019)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/mobilidade/w/noticias/284210", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "clm-3112c4545f12ed36" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2019-09-17", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Pilot began 16 September 2019 on 12 bus lines, planned for three months or 500,000 transactions. Key limit: 'Nesta primeira fase do projeto não haverá a integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com os sistemas de trilhos' ('in this first phase there will be no fare integration with other buses or with the rail systems'), plus a cap of 'ligado 5 passagens em meia hora e 10 passagens por dia' ('5 fares in half an hour and 10 fares a day').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-d9277ba9487babf3", "title": "SPTrans — Pagamento da tarifa com cartão de débito e crédito (current)", "url": "https://www.sptrans.com.br/pagamento-da-tarifa-com-cartao-de-débito-e-credito/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "clm-3112c4545f12ed36" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator page still listing the same 12 lines plus 3 terminals and 6 Expresso Tiradentes stations seven years after the pilot began, and stating 'O pagamento por essa tecnologia não permite integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com outros modais' ('payment by this technology does not allow fare integration with other buses or other modes'). Canonical URL without the accent: https://www.sptrans.com.br/pagamento-da-tarifa-com-cartao-de-debito-e-credito/", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-845094ffdc37d9f4", "title": "Metrô de São Paulo — Bilhetes e Cartões", "url": "https://www.metro.sp.gov.br/sua-viagem/bilhetes-cartoes/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "metro.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-8f732cdded6706a4" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "State operator page confirming the two-administration governance: the municipal Bilhete Único carries bus-rail integration credit, while the state Cartão TOP works on rail and on intermunicipal EMTU buses 'com redução tarifária no segundo embarque' ('with a fare reduction on the second boarding'). Municipal and state instruments remain distinct.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-db350623e9269eb0", "title": "Diário do Transporte — Catracas do Metrô passam a aceitar pagamento por aproximação em todas as linhas (1 December 2025)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2025/12/01/catracas-do-metro-passam-a-aceitar-pagamento-por-aproximacao-em-todas-as-linhas/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-12-01", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Independent trade press, replacing the operator's own post at metro.sp.gov.br which returns 404. Establishes the December 2025 open-loop rollout and its limits: physical Mastercard, Visa and Elo cards only, with virtual cards on phones and smartwatches not accepted in this first phase; at least one dedicated turnstile per station; lines 1 and 3 first, lines 2 and 15 during December; the same card usable again only after a 30-minute interval; and a pilot of six months, extendable. No fare integration with buses is claimed anywhere, which is the point this entry rests on. An engineering-association summary (aeamesp.org.br, 3 December 2025) asserts that Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay work — that contradicts the operator and the trade press and was not used.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-c9c3b947b7ba1fb3", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Cidade de São Paulo terá Tarifa Zero nos ônibus aos domingos (11 December 2023)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/w/noticia/cidade-de-sao-paulo-tera-tarifa-zero-nos-onibus-aos-domingos-a-partir-do-dia-17", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-12-11", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Free Sunday travel from 17 December 2023 on all SPTrans municipal lines, explicitly not covering rail: 'Não há necessidade de integração com o sistema metroferroviário' ('there is no need for integration with the metro-rail system'). Forgone revenue put at 'R$ 280 milhões no ano' ('R$280 million a year'). Independently corroborated by the current SPTrans fare table.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-8928d99490d7e33e", "title": "Diário do Transporte — TCM audit finds the Bilhete Único system outdated and insecure (11 July 2019)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2019/07/11/auditoria-do-tcm-mostra-que-sistema-de-bilhete-unico-de-sao-paulo-utiliza-tecnologia-ultrapassada-e-insegura/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-60099d2e1d53407d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2019-07-11", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Trade press reporting the Tribunal de Contas do Município audit: 'o sistema de Bilhete Único da cidade tem tecnologia ultrapassada e insegura, o que possibilita fraudes' ('the city's Bilhete Único system uses outdated and insecure technology, which enables fraud'); 'o software do Bilhete Único é de 2004, desde sua criação, e é vulnerável a várias fraudes'; '60% dos cartões em circulação são de tecnologia já ultrapassada, mas os 40% restantes também têm vulnerabilidade' ('60% of cards in circulation use already outdated technology, but the remaining 40% are also vulnerable'). The R$100 million modernisation figure is attributed in the article to a news report, not to the audit.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-30c8130e29a4fdc4", "title": "Jornal de Brasília / Agência Estado — SPTrans registrou quase 100 boletins de ocorrência contra fraudes em bilhete único em 2025 (10 June 2025)", "url": "https://jornaldebrasilia.com.br/noticias/brasil/sptrans-registrou-quase-100-boletins-de-ocorrencia-contra-fraudes-em-bilhete-unico-em-2025/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "jornaldebrasilia.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-60099d2e1d53407d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-06-10", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Source of the 2025 fraud figures: 'SPTrans registrou neste ano 99 boletins de ocorrência em delegacias da capital contra fraudes no bilhete único' ('SPTrans filed 99 police reports this year against Bilhete Único fraud') and 'nos cinco primeiros meses do ano, 123,7 mil cartões acabaram bloqueados por uso irregular de crédito' ('in the first five months of the year, 123,700 cards were blocked for irregular use of credit'), with seven arrests.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-bdba8e1b0592ceef", "title": "Portal de Dados Abertos da Prefeitura de São Paulo — SPTrans datasets", "url": "http://dados.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/dataset?organization=sptrans", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dados.prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "SPTrans publishes five datasets under Creative Commons CCZero (CC0): payroll, cash flow, code of conduct, 'Créditos Eletrônicos do Bilhete Único' (outstanding card credit by card type) and the tariff cost spreadsheet. No boarding-level, origin-destination or transaction ride data is published, which is why this entry carries no open-data tag.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 11, "claimsMapped": 11, "sourcesTotal": 13, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 12, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 8, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } }, { "id": "2026-08-23-source-url-correction", "createdAt": "2026-08-23T09:00:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-07-26", "changeType": "correction", "summary": "Corrected a source URL that had never existed: the stored address carried the accented forms of cartao and debito, which the operator's site does not use. The ASCII address answers and carries the quoted sentence verbatim; the source was never dead.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint", "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record." }, { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/claims", "summary": "Updated claims to the current sourced project record." }, { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/sources", "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:0e4555ce9f5d89f7f419f6d397cc53f86c2dd7389aeb4ad44d9f75c112ca83b6", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:f906915a7a0882300c201bfadbf8405d10a6ac9ae321ea18d76676bc2c622c43", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "live", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "official", "timeline": { "started": 2004, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": "São Paulo Transporte S/A (SPTrans), Secretaria Municipal de Mobilidade e Transporte; rail integration with the state-run Metrô de São Paulo and CPTM", "actorTypes": [ "utility", "city-government" ], "fundingModel": "public", "fundingDescription": "City of São Paulo (SPTrans, fare revenue plus municipal subsidy); the 2005 rail integration cost was shared with the state government", "cost": "≈R$15M for the 2005 bus-rail integration rollout, split evenly between city and state", "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-671ce8303502765a", "field": "snippet", "text": "São Paulo's contactless Bilhete Único launched on 18 May 2004", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1" ], "supportNote": "The city's own tenth-anniversary retrospective dates it: 'Quando foi lançado, em 18 de maio de 2004' ('when it was launched, on 18 May 2004'), and records 43 million cards issued in the first ten years.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-11a96387d2d80af6", "field": "snippet", "text": "the state-run Metro and CPTM trains were added from 2006", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1", "src-7617db82c623807a" ], "supportNote": "The city's retrospective states 'A partir de 2006, o Bilhete Único passou a ser utilizado também pelos passageiros da CPTM e do Metrô' ('from 2006 the Bilhete Único came to be used also by CPTM and Metro passengers'). The 2005 announcement gives the mechanics and the price of joining two administrations: rollout 'progressivamente a partir do final de novembro', at 'R$ 15 milhões, divididos igualmente entre Prefeitura e Estado' — split equally between city and state.", "caveat": "The announcement dates the rollout from late November 2005; the entry follows the city's own retrospective and says passengers used it from 2006.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-26e9ec3b208a3736", "field": "snippet", "text": "the bus window widened to three hours in 2008", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-3e154645ea262e4a" ], "supportNote": "The city dates the extension precisely — 'Entrou em vigor nesta segunda-feira (28/07)' ('came into force this Monday, 28/07') — affecting '6 milhões de passageiros que podem fazer até quatro viagens pagando apenas uma passagem'.", "caveat": "The extension is widely misattributed to the 2014 Haddad administration, which in fact launched the separate monthly and daily temporal passes. The entry follows the 2008 municipal announcement.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "field": "snippet", "text": "Ordinary bank cards work at Metro turnstiles since December 2025 and on 12 bus lines since 2019, but a bank tap buys no transfers", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-db350623e9269eb0", "src-0118069f8ccf7869", "src-49f431407482de0c" ], "supportNote": "The operator's own current page states the limit outright — 'O pagamento por essa tecnologia não permite integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com outros modais' ('payment by this technology does not allow fare integration with other buses or other modes') — and still lists the same 12 lines the 2019 pilot began with. The December 2025 rail rollout claims no bus integration anywhere.", "caveat": "The rail rollout has its own limits: physical Mastercard, Visa and Elo cards only in this first phase, at least one dedicated turnstile per station, and the same card usable again only after a 30-minute interval. An engineering-association summary asserting that Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay work contradicts the operator and the trade press, and was not used.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-60099d2e1d53407d", "field": "snippet", "text": "SPTrans blocked 123,700 cards for irregular credit use in the first five months of 2025", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-30c8130e29a4fdc4", "src-8928d99490d7e33e" ], "supportNote": "The 2025 report states 'nos cinco primeiros meses do ano, 123,7 mil cartões acabaram bloqueados por uso irregular de crédito', alongside 99 police reports and seven arrests. The city audit court had already found the underlying cause: 'o software do Bilhete Único é de 2004, desde sua criação, e é vulnerável a várias fraudes', with 60% of circulating cards on outdated technology and the remaining 40% also vulnerable.", "caveat": "The R$100 million modernisation figure that circulates with the audit is attributed in the reporting to a news report, not to the audit itself, and is not used here.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1", "field": "impact", "text": "One integrated fare of R$9.38 (rates effective 6 January 2026) covers up to three municipal bus boardings within three hours plus one Metro or CPTM boarding in the first two hours", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9", "src-a799b4aade27bf7f" ], "supportNote": "The operator's fare table sets the integrated credit at R$9,38 and defines what it buys: 'permite até três embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, e um embarque no Metrô/Trem, nas duas primeiras horas'. The rulebook restates it as 'Um embarque no sistema trilhos (Metrô/CPTM) e até 3 embarques em ônibus diferentes no período de 3 horas', the rail leg 'durante as duas primeiras horas'.", "caveat": "Bus-only travel is more generous than the integrated fare: the rulebook allows 'Até 4 embarques em ônibus diferentes' on one common bus fare. Adding rail costs one of the bus boardings.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-e2298c5fd5a80576", "field": "impact", "text": "bought separately a bus fare is R$5.30 and a rail fare R$5.40", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The same fare table lists bus-only at R$5,30 and rail-only at R$5,40 — so the integrated fare of R$9,38 is less than the two bought apart, which is the discount the transfer rule buys.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-35b8c60dea92d1dc", "field": "impact", "text": "A monthly integrated pass costs R$411.13 for ten boardings a day over 31 days", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The fare table lists the monthly integrated pass at R$411,13, which 'dá direito a dez embarques/dia durante 31 dias corridos' ('gives the right to ten boardings a day for 31 consecutive days').", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad", "field": "impact", "text": "Municipal buses have been free every Sunday since 17 December 2023, which the city put at about R$280 million a year in forgone fare revenue", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-c9c3b947b7ba1fb3", "src-d078e86397b7c0d9" ], "supportNote": "The city announced free Sunday travel from 17 December 2023 on all SPTrans municipal lines and put the forgone revenue at 'R$ 280 milhões no ano'. The current fare table corroborates that it still holds, listing 'Gratuidade aos domingos: R$ 0,00'.", "caveat": "It covers buses only. The announcement is explicit that rail is outside it: 'Não há necessidade de integração com o sistema metroferroviário'.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8f732cdded6706a4", "field": "lesson", "text": "São Paulo has carried transfer rules across a municipal bus operator and a state rail operator since 2006 on a proprietary card", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-845094ffdc37d9f4", "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1" ], "supportNote": "The two administrations remain distinct instruments: the state operator's page carries the municipal Bilhete Único for bus-rail integration credit while its own Cartão TOP works on rail and on intermunicipal EMTU buses 'com redução tarifária no segundo embarque'. The integration itself dates from 2006 on the city's own account.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-3112c4545f12ed36", "field": "lesson", "text": "seven years after its bank-card pilot began it still cannot do the same with a bank card: tapping Visa or Mastercard buys one ride, never an integration", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-49f431407482de0c", "src-0118069f8ccf7869" ], "supportNote": "The 2019 pilot began on 16 September on 12 bus lines and said so from the start: 'Nesta primeira fase do projeto não haverá a integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com os sistemas de trilhos.' The operator's current page still lists those 12 lines plus 3 terminals and 6 Expresso Tiradentes stations, and still says the technology allows no fare integration.", "caveat": "'First phase' language from 2019 has not been superseded by any later operator statement found; the entry treats the limit as current because the operator's own live page repeats it.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-d078e86397b7c0d9", "title": "SPTrans — Tarifas (fares effective 6 January 2026)", "url": "https://www.sptrans.com.br/tarifas/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1", "clm-e2298c5fd5a80576", "clm-35b8c60dea92d1dc", "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": "2026-01-06", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator fare table. Integrated common credit R$9,38: 'permite até três embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, e um embarque no Metrô/Trem, nas duas primeiras horas' ('allows up to three boardings on different buses within three hours, and one Metro/train boarding in the first two hours'). Bus-only R$5,30; rail-only R$5,40; VT integrated R$11,32; monthly integrated R$411,13, which 'dá direito a dez embarques/dia durante 31 dias corridos' ('gives the right to ten boardings a day for 31 consecutive days'). Also lists 'Gratuidade aos domingos: R$ 0,00' ('free on Sundays').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260818204228/https://www.sptrans.com.br/tarifas/", "archivedAt": "2026-08-18", "contentHash": null, "status": "archive-linked" } }, { "id": "src-a799b4aade27bf7f", "title": "SPTrans — Bilhete Único Comum, rules of use", "url": "https://bilheteunico.sptrans.com.br/comum/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bilheteunico.sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-fc5471d1ac587eb1" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator rulebook: 'Até 4 embarques em ônibus diferentes, no período de três horas, com o pagamento de uma tarifa de Ônibus Comum' ('up to 4 boardings on different buses within three hours on one common bus fare') and 'Um embarque no sistema trilhos (Metrô/CPTM) e até 3 embarques em ônibus diferentes no período de 3 horas' ('one rail boarding plus up to 3 boardings on different buses within 3 hours'), the rail leg 'durante as duas primeiras horas' ('during the first two hours').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260729014159/https://bilheteunico.sptrans.com.br/comum/", "archivedAt": "2026-07-29", "contentHash": null, "status": "archive-linked" } }, { "id": "src-2b8fbba79abdadb1", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Bilhete Único completa 10 anos (19 May 2014)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/mobilidade/w/noticias/171469", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-671ce8303502765a", "clm-11a96387d2d80af6", "clm-8f732cdded6706a4" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2014-05-19", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "City retrospective, source for the launch date and the rail integration year: 'Quando foi lançado, em 18 de maio de 2004' ('when it was launched, on 18 May 2004') and 'A partir de 2006, o Bilhete Único passou a ser utilizado também pelos passageiros da CPTM e do Metrô' ('from 2006 the Bilhete Único came to be used also by CPTM and Metro passengers'). It adds that 43 million cards were issued in the first ten years.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-7617db82c623807a", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Integração do Bilhete Único com metrô e trens da CPTM começa em novembro (2 September 2005)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/comunicacao/w/noticias/138745", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-11a96387d2d80af6" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2005-09-02", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Announcement of the bus-rail integration: 'A integração será implantada progressivamente a partir do final de novembro' ('the integration will be rolled out progressively from the end of November') and 'o custo será de R$ 15 milhões, divididos igualmente entre Prefeitura e Estado' ('the cost will be R$15 million, split equally between the city and the state'). Source of the cost figure; the city's own 2014 retrospective dates passenger use from 2006, so the entry uses 2006.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20251224091245/https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/comunicacao/w/noticias/138745", "archivedAt": "2025-12-24", "contentHash": null, "status": "archive-linked" } }, { "id": "src-3e154645ea262e4a", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Uso do Bilhete Único é ampliado de 2 para 3 horas (28 July 2008)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/comunicacao/w/noticias/126963", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-26e9ec3b208a3736" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2008-07-28", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Dates the extension of the transfer window: 'Entrou em vigor nesta segunda-feira (28/07)' ('came into force this Monday, 28/07'), affecting '6 milhões de passageiros que podem fazer até quatro viagens pagando apenas uma passagem' ('6 million passengers who can make up to four trips paying only one fare'). This correction matters: the extension is widely misattributed to the 2014 Haddad administration, which in fact launched the separate monthly and daily temporal passes.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-49f431407482de0c", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo / SMT — pilot for contactless bank-card fare payment on buses (17 September 2019)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/web/mobilidade/w/noticias/284210", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "clm-3112c4545f12ed36" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2019-09-17", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Pilot began 16 September 2019 on 12 bus lines, planned for three months or 500,000 transactions. Key limit: 'Nesta primeira fase do projeto não haverá a integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com os sistemas de trilhos' ('in this first phase there will be no fare integration with other buses or with the rail systems'), plus a cap of 'ligado 5 passagens em meia hora e 10 passagens por dia' ('5 fares in half an hour and 10 fares a day').", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-0118069f8ccf7869", "title": "SPTrans — Pagamento da tarifa com cartão de débito e crédito (current)", "url": "https://www.sptrans.com.br/pagamento-da-tarifa-com-cartao-de-debito-e-credito/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sptrans.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2", "clm-3112c4545f12ed36" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator page still listing the same 12 lines plus 3 terminals and 6 Expresso Tiradentes stations seven years after the pilot began, and stating 'O pagamento por essa tecnologia não permite integração tarifária com outros ônibus ou com outros modais' ('payment by this technology does not allow fare integration with other buses or other modes'). Canonical URL without the accent: https://www.sptrans.com.br/pagamento-da-tarifa-com-cartao-de-debito-e-credito/", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-845094ffdc37d9f4", "title": "Metrô de São Paulo — Bilhetes e Cartões", "url": "https://www.metro.sp.gov.br/sua-viagem/bilhetes-cartoes/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "metro.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-8f732cdded6706a4" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "State operator page confirming the two-administration governance: the municipal Bilhete Único carries bus-rail integration credit, while the state Cartão TOP works on rail and on intermunicipal EMTU buses 'com redução tarifária no segundo embarque' ('with a fare reduction on the second boarding'). Municipal and state instruments remain distinct.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260712191711/https://www.metro.sp.gov.br/sua-viagem/bilhetes-cartoes/", "archivedAt": "2026-07-12", "contentHash": null, "status": "archive-linked" } }, { "id": "src-db350623e9269eb0", "title": "Diário do Transporte — Catracas do Metrô passam a aceitar pagamento por aproximação em todas as linhas (1 December 2025)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2025/12/01/catracas-do-metro-passam-a-aceitar-pagamento-por-aproximacao-em-todas-as-linhas/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-554cbb91e2cb27f2" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-12-01", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Independent trade press, replacing the operator's own post at metro.sp.gov.br which returns 404. Establishes the December 2025 open-loop rollout and its limits: physical Mastercard, Visa and Elo cards only, with virtual cards on phones and smartwatches not accepted in this first phase; at least one dedicated turnstile per station; lines 1 and 3 first, lines 2 and 15 during December; the same card usable again only after a 30-minute interval; and a pilot of six months, extendable. No fare integration with buses is claimed anywhere, which is the point this entry rests on. An engineering-association summary (aeamesp.org.br, 3 December 2025) asserts that Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay work — that contradicts the operator and the trade press and was not used.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-c9c3b947b7ba1fb3", "title": "Prefeitura de São Paulo — Cidade de São Paulo terá Tarifa Zero nos ônibus aos domingos (11 December 2023)", "url": "https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/w/noticia/cidade-de-sao-paulo-tera-tarifa-zero-nos-onibus-aos-domingos-a-partir-do-dia-17", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-8e9ae7ff2dca86ad" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-12-11", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Free Sunday travel from 17 December 2023 on all SPTrans municipal lines, explicitly not covering rail: 'Não há necessidade de integração com o sistema metroferroviário' ('there is no need for integration with the metro-rail system'). Forgone revenue put at 'R$ 280 milhões no ano' ('R$280 million a year'). Independently corroborated by the current SPTrans fare table.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260606225655/https://prefeitura.sp.gov.br/w/noticia/cidade-de-sao-paulo-tera-tarifa-zero-nos-onibus-aos-domingos-a-partir-do-dia-17", "archivedAt": "2026-06-06", "contentHash": null, "status": "archive-linked" } }, { "id": "src-8928d99490d7e33e", "title": "Diário do Transporte — TCM audit finds the Bilhete Único system outdated and insecure (11 July 2019)", "url": "https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2019/07/11/auditoria-do-tcm-mostra-que-sistema-de-bilhete-unico-de-sao-paulo-utiliza-tecnologia-ultrapassada-e-insegura/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "diariodotransporte.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-60099d2e1d53407d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2019-07-11", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Trade press reporting the Tribunal de Contas do Município audit: 'o sistema de Bilhete Único da cidade tem tecnologia ultrapassada e insegura, o que possibilita fraudes' ('the city's Bilhete Único system uses outdated and insecure technology, which enables fraud'); 'o software do Bilhete Único é de 2004, desde sua criação, e é vulnerável a várias fraudes'; '60% dos cartões em circulação são de tecnologia já ultrapassada, mas os 40% restantes também têm vulnerabilidade' ('60% of cards in circulation use already outdated technology, but the remaining 40% are also vulnerable'). The R$100 million modernisation figure is attributed in the article to a news report, not to the audit.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20201126193329/https://diariodotransporte.com.br/2019/07/11/auditoria-do-tcm-mostra-que-sistema-de-bilhete-unico-de-sao-paulo-utiliza-tecnologia-ultrapassada-e-insegura/", "archivedAt": "2020-11-26", "contentHash": null, "status": "archive-linked" } }, { "id": "src-30c8130e29a4fdc4", "title": "Jornal de Brasília / Agência Estado — SPTrans registrou quase 100 boletins de ocorrência contra fraudes em bilhete único em 2025 (10 June 2025)", "url": "https://jornaldebrasilia.com.br/noticias/brasil/sptrans-registrou-quase-100-boletins-de-ocorrencia-contra-fraudes-em-bilhete-unico-em-2025/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "jornaldebrasilia.com.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-60099d2e1d53407d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-06-10", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Source of the 2025 fraud figures: 'SPTrans registrou neste ano 99 boletins de ocorrência em delegacias da capital contra fraudes no bilhete único' ('SPTrans filed 99 police reports this year against Bilhete Único fraud') and 'nos cinco primeiros meses do ano, 123,7 mil cartões acabaram bloqueados por uso irregular de crédito' ('in the first five months of the year, 123,700 cards were blocked for irregular use of credit'), with seven arrests.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20251024191822/https://jornaldebrasilia.com.br/noticias/brasil/sptrans-registrou-quase-100-boletins-de-ocorrencia-contra-fraudes-em-bilhete-unico-em-2025/", "archivedAt": "2025-10-24", "contentHash": null, "status": "archive-linked" } }, { "id": "src-bdba8e1b0592ceef", "title": "Portal de Dados Abertos da Prefeitura de São Paulo — SPTrans datasets", "url": "http://dados.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/dataset?organization=sptrans", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dados.prefeitura.sp.gov.br", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-23", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "SPTrans publishes five datasets under Creative Commons CCZero (CC0): payroll, cash flow, code of conduct, 'Créditos Eletrônicos do Bilhete Único' (outstanding card credit by card type) and the tariff cost spreadsheet. No boarding-level, origin-destination or transaction ride data is published, which is why this entry carries no open-data tag.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250521090955/http://dados.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/dataset?organization=sptrans", "archivedAt": "2025-05-21", "contentHash": null, "status": "archive-linked" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 11, "claimsMapped": 11, "sourcesTotal": 13, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 12, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 8, "sourcesWithArchive": 8, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } } ] }