{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "philadelphia-gsi-performance-monitoring",
  "title": "Green Infrastructure Living Laboratory (GSI Performance Monitoring)",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/philadelphia-gsi-performance-monitoring/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-22T21:11:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-02",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 11 claims and 3 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:e8d0ef0ddaf1b7a4b9a86468c618a38fb3b3c39df2a210cac669b4ee52b9b662",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-02",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:8bec351dc9c2fc07cb0e9c43ef1b4ea3abe04584d0107dc0efc9a2d55824991e",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2017,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Philadelphia Water Department + Drexel University Sustainable Water Resource Engineering Laboratory (Green Infrastructure Living Laboratory)",
     "actorTypes": [
      "utility",
      "research"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-3ba32dbd22d50695",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Philadelphia's Green City, Clean Waters program has built more than 2,800 green stormwater tools at nearly 800 sites since 2011",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-556277a7f027a533"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Philadelphia Water Department's own programme page dates the start of Green City, Clean Waters to 2011 -- \"The effort officially began in 2011\" -- and reports its build-out under \"A decade of progress\": \"We've installed more than 2,800 green tools... ...at nearly 800 sites throughout the city...\". More than 600 sites is therefore comfortably within what the operator reports.",
      "caveat": "The utility's own figure is nearly 800 sites, holding more than 2,800 individual green tools. No listed source states the number 600, so the entry is quoting a conservative figure rather than the operator's current one.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-a2ca95801e6640b5",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "working toward a 2036 target",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-556277a7f027a533"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The utility names 2036 as the programme's deadline: \"The effort officially began in 2011 and Philadelphia is scheduled to meet pollution reduction goals by 2036, in accordance with our Long Term Control Plan.\"",
      "caveat": "The page describes the 2036 milestone as the deadline for meeting pollution-reduction goals under the Long Term Control Plan. It does not express that target as an area of greened land.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-3ed3e556d4c30f62",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "almost all of it pure construction (rain gardens, tree trenches, swales) with no sensor layer of its own",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-556277a7f027a533"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The utility describes the programme entirely in terms of built green tools and the plants and soil that do the work: \"Green stormwater infrastructure, also known as GSI or green tools, reduce overflows by decreasing how much runoff gets into sewers. Stormwater is soaked up by plants and soil and evaporates into the air, or is released into sewers more slowly.\" Rain gardens, tree trenches, swales, stone trenches and basins appear across the page; sensors, data and monitoring appear nowhere on it.",
      "caveat": "Stormwater planters are not among the tool types this page names. That the programme has no sensor layer is inferred from the operator page's silence on monitoring rather than stated by any source.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-78524b79a3d51e36",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The exception is the Green Infrastructure Living Laboratory (GILL), a research partnership the Philadelphia Water Department runs with Drexel University's Sustainable Water Resource Engineering Laboratory",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-94e9068d19ddfa1e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Drexel researcher Karly Soldner describes the make-up of the project: \"The Green Infrastructure Living Laboratory (GILL) is composed of graduate students and researchers from Drexel University's Sustainable Water Resource Engineering Laboratory and engineers from the Philadelphia Water Department.\" Two PWD engineers, Stephen White and Matthew Fritch, speak for the utility in the same interview.",
      "caveat": "The source presents GILL as a joint effort housed in Drexel's laboratory rather than something the water department runs. The utility's own Green City, Clean Waters page does not mention GILL at all.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-ba6846862a89750d",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "low-cost, low-power wireless sensors on a limited set of sites",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-94e9068d19ddfa1e",
       "src-4657846d6156498d"
      ],
      "supportNote": "PWD engineer Matthew Fritch says: \"We have developed low-cost and low-power sensor networks to collect environmental data from green infrastructure in real time.\" The team reports tracking each device's \"battery levels and connectivity strengths\" and being \"still evaluating LoRaWAN networks\", a wireless standard. The Bressler Group post, cited in this entry for the wireless-network description, can no longer be retrieved: the address returns a not-found page and the company's site now redirects to a successor firm.",
      "caveat": "The interview establishes low cost, low power and radio connectivity, but the explicit description of a wireless sensor network rests on the design consultancy's post, which is no longer online. No listed source gives the number of monitored sites; the team says only that it can \"expand to more sites as the project grows\".",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-ed9015b14ff0a7be",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "including a large rainwater cistern at Drexel's recreation center and campus rain gardens",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-94e9068d19ddfa1e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Drexel researcher Babak K. Roodsari: \"we have been monitoring water levels inside one of the largest cisterns in Philadelphia, located at Drexel University's recreation center\", elsewhere given as an \"8,000-cubic-foot rainwater-harvesting cistern\". Karly Soldner names cisterns and rain gardens as the two types the project focuses on, and the article shows a rain garden site at Drexel University and \"a smaller on-campus rain garden\".",
      "caveat": "Monitoring is not confined to the Drexel campus: the same article pictures devices at a public rain garden in a traffic triangle, at a public playground and at a city-owned site.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-531ffe4ce318cbc9",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "log soil moisture, water level and climate data in real time",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-94e9068d19ddfa1e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Drexel researcher Ziwen Yu lists exactly these quantities: \"The climate data we collect includes temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and air pressure. We also collect on-site hydrology data to observe fluctuations in soil moisture, water level or unit weight.\" PWD engineer Matthew Fritch describes the networks as collecting \"environmental data from green infrastructure in real time\".",
      "caveat": "Real time is the participants' own description of the collection. The article gives no reporting interval and no independent check of how continuously the devices actually deliver.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-72789fbbe5153c46",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "feed back into PWD's own design guidance and policy",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-94e9068d19ddfa1e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "PWD engineer Stephen White: \"We can take the outcomes of experiments and monitoring and plug them into design guidance and policy. Monitoring data collected by the GILL team from a water reuse cistern at Drexel is a great example. We will use that case study as guidance for designers at PWD.\" His colleague Matthew Fritch adds that GILL's data \"can serve as a constant feedback loop to the Water Department's green stormwater infrastructure design team\".",
      "caveat": "Both engineers speak in the future and the conditional: the case study \"will\" be used as guidance, and the data \"can serve\" as a feedback loop. No listed source names a design standard or a policy that has been changed as a result.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-2d8a51241f936986",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "In one documented case the monitoring caught a performance flaw at the Drexel cistern",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-94e9068d19ddfa1e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Two separate statements in the interview bear on this. PWD engineer Stephen White: \"We've even used observations from GILL to offer guidance to Drexel's facilities management on an underperforming site. We caught the flaw before significant performance loss occurred.\" And, on the cistern specifically, Drexel researcher Babak K. Roodsari reports that \"the leakage rate from the cistern is nearly equal to the toilet flush use at the center. This means that the available storage could serve two or three times the number of visitors if the leaks were repaired.\"",
      "caveat": "The passage merges two findings. The engineer's account of catching a flaw refers to an unnamed underperforming site at Drexel, not to the recreation-centre cistern; the cistern finding reported in the same interview is a leakage rate roughly equal to the building's toilet-flush use.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-034bcb03d25dc37f",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "the vast majority of Philadelphia's stormwater program is genuinely unsensored construction",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-556277a7f027a533"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The operator's programme page reports the scale of the built work -- \"We've installed more than 2,800 green tools... ...at nearly 800 sites throughout the city...\" -- and describes those tools purely as plants, soil and pipework. Sensors, data and monitoring do not appear anywhere on the page.",
      "caveat": "This is a comparison between a reported build-out of roughly 800 sites and a research project whose site count no source gives. That the rest is unsensored follows from the operator page's silence on monitoring rather than from a stated figure.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-c2145acc561273bc",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "a small, real monitoring layer exists alongside it",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-94e9068d19ddfa1e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The interview documents a working monitoring effort rather than a plan: \"Our goal is to collect real-time data on green infrastructure systems using low-cost sensors that will eventually inform improvements to green infrastructure design\", with a year of results already reported from the Drexel recreation-centre cistern and devices deployed at rain garden sites.",
      "caveat": "The source gives no count of instrumented sites, so how small the layer is cannot be read off it; the team says only that it can \"expand to more sites as the project grows\".",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-94e9068d19ddfa1e",
      "title": "GovTech — Real-Time Data Helps Philadelphia Improve Green Design",
      "url": "https://www.govtech.com/fs/infrastructure/Real-Time-Data-Helps-Philadelphia-Improve-Green-Design.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "govtech.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-78524b79a3d51e36",
       "clm-ba6846862a89750d",
       "clm-ed9015b14ff0a7be",
       "clm-531ffe4ce318cbc9",
       "clm-72789fbbe5153c46",
       "clm-2d8a51241f936986",
       "clm-c2145acc561273bc"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2018-12-12",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-02",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Describes GILL sensor network, Drexel partnership, use of data in PWD design guidance, and the caught-flaw anecdote at the Drexel cistern",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-4657846d6156498d",
      "title": "Bressler Group — Smart Cities: An IoT Solution for Philly's Green Stormwater Infrastructure",
      "url": "https://www.bresslergroup.com/blog/smart-cities-a-dirt-cheap-iot-solution-for-stormwater-infrastructure/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "bresslergroup.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-ba6846862a89750d"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-02",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Describes the wireless sensor network approach and LoRaWAN evaluation",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-556277a7f027a533",
      "title": "Philadelphia Water Department — Green City, Clean Waters",
      "url": "https://water.phila.gov/green-city/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "water.phila.gov",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-3ba32dbd22d50695",
       "clm-a2ca95801e6640b5",
       "clm-3ed3e556d4c30f62",
       "clm-034bcb03d25dc37f"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-02",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "25-year program scope, 2036 'greened acres' target, confirms the underlying program is a construction plan",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 11,
     "claimsMapped": 11,
     "sourcesTotal": 3,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 3,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 1,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}