{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "osaka-tide-gate-auto-closure",
  "title": "Tsunami-Alert Automatic Tide Gate Closure",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/osaka-tide-gate-auto-closure/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-27-editorial-review",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-26-p1-quality-uplift",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-26T14:01:23Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-26",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 7 claims and 5 source dossiers.",
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    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
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   },
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    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
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    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "peer-reviewed",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2018,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Osaka Prefecture, Nishi-Osaka Flood Control Office",
     "actorTypes": [
      "regional-government"
     ],
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     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-48aadbfb3094c2fd",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "About 21 square kilometres of western Osaka lie below sea level after decades of industrial groundwater pumping",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-48cff65ee8b7f92e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The prefecture's own page on the area below sea level sets out the extent of the subsided zone in western Osaka and its cause in industrial groundwater extraction.",
      "caveat": "A Japanese-language prefecture page; no locator string is recorded because the figure is presented graphically rather than in one quotable sentence.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-e6174e22efe10a89",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "shielded by seven tide gates on five rivers",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f7064087841a71e4",
       "src-7fbe387f3963d155"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The closure notice names all seven gates - Aji, Shirinashi, Kizu, Rokkenyagawa, Shorenji, Sangenya and Dekishima - in its closure-criteria table, and the river facilities page places them on the rivers of western Osaka.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-e4906c477f8fc24c",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "closes them automatically off the national J-Alert signal",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
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      "supportNote": "The notice explains the mechanism: on a tsunami advisory or warning issued to Osaka Prefecture, the Fire and Disaster Management Agency emits the J-Alert signal, and on receiving it the office automatically sends a closure signal to each gate.",
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       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Sangenya and Dekishima shut on a Japan Meteorological Agency tsunami advisory, the other five only on a warning",
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      "supportNote": "The closure-criteria table gives a closure for Sangenya and Dekishima in the tsunami-advisory column as well as the warning columns, while the Aji, Shirinashi, Kizu, Rokkenyagawa and Shorenji rows are blank in the advisory column and closed only from the warning column onwards.",
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       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The three 1970 arch gates on the Aji, Shirinashi and Kizu rivers joined in April 2023, sounding an eight-minute warning to boats first, and are now being replaced",
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      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
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      "supportNote": "The notice lists the start of automatic operation by gate - April of Reiwa 5, that is 2023, for Aji, Shirinashi and Kizu - and states that those three warn for eight minutes after receiving the closure signal before shutting. The renewal page covers their replacement.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     },
     {
      "id": "clm-3756af1200d045d1",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "a Japan Meteorological Agency tsunami warning is a binary national signal, so a relay can act on it in seconds and the gate shuts without anyone deciding",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
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      "supportNote": "The notice describes exactly this chain and nothing else in it: the meteorological agency issues the warning, the Fire and Disaster Management Agency emits J-Alert, the office's system receives it and sends the closure signal to each gate automatically. No human decision appears anywhere between the alert and the gate.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-da2d2ee56bac5e05",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "the three big shipping gates close only on a warning, not on the lesser advisory, and give boats eight minutes of countdown; the two smaller ones close on an advisory and give three",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
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      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "The notice sets both out: the criteria table shows the advisory column closing only Sangenya and Dekishima, and the text states 'Aji, Shirinashi and Kizu warn for 8 minutes after receiving the closure signal; Rokkenyagawa, Shorenji, Sangenya and Dekishima warn for 3 minutes, after which the gates close.'",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
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     {
      "id": "src-f7064087841a71e4",
      "title": "Osaka Prefecture, Nishi-Osaka Flood Control Office — automatic tide gate closure notice",
      "url": "https://www.pref.osaka.lg.jp/o130350/nishiosaka/jidoheisa/index.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "pref.osaka.lg.jp",
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      ],
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       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": "2023-04-01",
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       "retrievedAt": null,
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      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The office's own notice: which alert level closes which gate, the J-Alert mechanism, and the countdown each gate runs before it shuts. The page states only a last-updated date, so no publication date is recorded.",
       "exact": false
      },
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       "status": "not-captured"
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-f156e54486e97917",
      "title": "Osaka Prefecture — renewal of the three great tide gates",
      "url": "https://www.pref.osaka.lg.jp/nishiosaka/suimon-renewal/index.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "pref.osaka.lg.jp",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "sourceType": "web-page",
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       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The prefecture's page on replacing the three arch gates. The host did not answer automated requests, so no date is recorded here.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-48cff65ee8b7f92e",
      "title": "Osaka Prefecture — Osaka, a city lower than the sea",
      "url": "https://www.pref.osaka.lg.jp/nishiosaka/tsunami/tsuna-symbol.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "pref.osaka.lg.jp",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
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      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
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       "publishedAt": null,
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Official source for the subsidence framing: heavy industrial groundwater extraction caused subsidence; about 21 square kilometres of western Osaka lie below sea level and about 41 square kilometres below mean high tide.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-7fbe387f3963d155",
      "title": "Osaka Prefecture — river facilities of western Osaka",
      "url": "https://www.pref.osaka.lg.jp/o130350/nishiosaka/river/riv-w-osaka.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "pref.osaka.lg.jp",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
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       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Lists the facilities the office runs — three arch gates, other gates, 46 storm-surge steel doors and a pumping station — and names the gate remote monitoring and operation system that carries the closure commands.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-72d10f810611e1b8",
      "title": "Mori et al., Field Survey of 2018 Typhoon Jebi in Japan, Geosciences 8(11):412",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/8/11/412",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "mdpi.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2018-11-09",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Peer-reviewed field survey of Typhoon Jebi's storm surge against the design level of Osaka's coastal defences. Publication date from Crossref.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 7,
     "claimsMapped": 7,
     "sourcesTotal": 5,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 4,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 1,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-27-source-dating",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-27T13:37:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-26",
   "changeType": "correction",
   "summary": "Every source on this entry now carries a date key: a publication date where the publisher states one, otherwise an explicit null with the reason on the record.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
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    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/sources",
     "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:d642bb9774c688265acd2aa6cf96e5e03944c9da78cb8655e6883c813bcef712",
   "snapshot": {
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    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:da0239d8798ff6577b0acd68d28fbf305e66a9db86ac5e5d8b3cf93bb6567c40",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
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      "snapshot-hash"
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    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "peer-reviewed",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2018,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Osaka Prefecture, Nishi-Osaka Flood Control Office",
     "actorTypes": [
      "regional-government"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-48aadbfb3094c2fd",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "About 21 square kilometres of western Osaka lie below sea level after decades of industrial groundwater pumping",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-48cff65ee8b7f92e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The prefecture's own page on the area below sea level sets out the extent of the subsided zone in western Osaka and its cause in industrial groundwater extraction.",
      "caveat": "A Japanese-language prefecture page; no locator string is recorded because the figure is presented graphically rather than in one quotable sentence.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-e6174e22efe10a89",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "shielded by seven tide gates on five rivers",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f7064087841a71e4",
       "src-7fbe387f3963d155"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The closure notice names all seven gates - Aji, Shirinashi, Kizu, Rokkenyagawa, Shorenji, Sangenya and Dekishima - in its closure-criteria table, and the river facilities page places them on the rivers of western Osaka.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-e4906c477f8fc24c",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "closes them automatically off the national J-Alert signal",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f7064087841a71e4"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The notice explains the mechanism: on a tsunami advisory or warning issued to Osaka Prefecture, the Fire and Disaster Management Agency emits the J-Alert signal, and on receiving it the office automatically sends a closure signal to each gate.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-20c033ab546426fe",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Sangenya and Dekishima shut on a Japan Meteorological Agency tsunami advisory, the other five only on a warning",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f7064087841a71e4"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The closure-criteria table gives a closure for Sangenya and Dekishima in the tsunami-advisory column as well as the warning columns, while the Aji, Shirinashi, Kizu, Rokkenyagawa and Shorenji rows are blank in the advisory column and closed only from the warning column onwards.",
      "caveat": "The atlas previously said any advisory or warning closed every gate. The prefecture's own table shows the threshold differs by gate.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-5d1553034a5f7596",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The three 1970 arch gates on the Aji, Shirinashi and Kizu rivers joined in April 2023, sounding an eight-minute warning to boats first, and are now being replaced",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f7064087841a71e4",
       "src-f156e54486e97917"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The notice lists the start of automatic operation by gate - April of Reiwa 5, that is 2023, for Aji, Shirinashi and Kizu - and states that those three warn for eight minutes after receiving the closure signal before shutting. The renewal page covers their replacement.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-3756af1200d045d1",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "a Japan Meteorological Agency tsunami warning is a binary national signal, so a relay can act on it in seconds and the gate shuts without anyone deciding",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f7064087841a71e4"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The notice describes exactly this chain and nothing else in it: the meteorological agency issues the warning, the Fire and Disaster Management Agency emits J-Alert, the office's system receives it and sends the closure signal to each gate automatically. No human decision appears anywhere between the alert and the gate.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-da2d2ee56bac5e05",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "the three big shipping gates close only on a warning, not on the lesser advisory, and give boats eight minutes of countdown; the two smaller ones close on an advisory and give three",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f7064087841a71e4"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The notice sets both out: the criteria table shows the advisory column closing only Sangenya and Dekishima, and the text states 'Aji, Shirinashi and Kizu warn for 8 minutes after receiving the closure signal; Rokkenyagawa, Shorenji, Sangenya and Dekishima warn for 3 minutes, after which the gates close.'",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-f7064087841a71e4",
      "title": "Osaka Prefecture, Nishi-Osaka Flood Control Office — automatic tide gate closure notice",
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