{
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 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "osaka-new-tram-agt",
  "title": "Nanko Port Town Line (New Tram) Driverless Guideway",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/osaka-new-tram-agt/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-10-14-baseline",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-10-14-baseline",
   "createdAt": "2026-10-14T06:09:30Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-10-14",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 10 claims and 6 source dossiers.",
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   },
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    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
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    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
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    "assurance": {
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      "publication-diff-contract",
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    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 1981,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Osaka Metro (Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau until the April 2018 privatisation)",
     "actorTypes": [
      "utility"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-fa326d0fe8eb806a",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Osaka's New Tram is a 7.9 km, 10-station automated guideway line serving the city's bayside artificial islands",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "The operator calls it an unmanned, automatically driven AGT line along the bayside and lists ten stations; Wikipedia gives 7.9 km.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-e38d9befc5c83ebe",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "It opened in March 1981, six weeks after Kobe's Port Liner",
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      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "Japanese Wikipedia dates the opening to 16 March 1981 as Japan's second such line after the Port Liner; English Wikipedia dates the Port Liner to 5 February 1981.",
      "caveat": "The interval is about five and a half weeks.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
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      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "but ran with staff aboard until October 1991",
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      "supportNote": "Wikipedia: crews rode at opening; unattended automatic operation began on 20 October 1991.",
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      "id": "clm-4118aeab1b504915",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "A runaway train hit the buffers at Suminoekoen in October 1993, injuring more than 200 people",
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      "supportNote": "The failure case: on 5 October 1993 an unmanned train overran at Suminoekoen and struck the buffer stop; 215 passengers injured.",
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       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
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      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "crews rode again until unattended operation resumed in February 2000",
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      "supportNote": "Service resumed on 19 November 1993 with attendants in the driving seat of every train; unattended operation resumed on 20 February 2000.",
      "caveat": "Wikipedia notes the attendants held no driving qualification.",
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       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
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     {
      "id": "clm-f1f22288e4eb98d7",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Osaka Metro finished replacing the whole fleet with 200 series cars in 2019",
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      "supportNote": "Wikipedia lists the 200 series in service since 2016 and the last 100A series cars in service until 2019.",
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-2473b42ce8fdd633",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "Unattended operation has to survive a fault nobody can explain",
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      "supportNote": "The failure case lists among its lessons that unmanned control can turn a momentary conduction fault into a major accident.",
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-de2c7ec0682b7dbf",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "investigators never found why a brake relay contact failed in 1993",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "Repeated reproduction tests did not reveal how the roughened relay contact arose.",
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       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-23557f95478197ba",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "so the remedy was redundancy — doubled brake wiring and trackside overspeed stops",
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      "supportNote": "Remedies: changed contact layout and doubled wiring for the brake command, and a trackside speed-check emergency stop at Suminoekoen.",
      "caveat": null,
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       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-84f3df17f4c81b15",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "with attendants aboard until February 2000",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
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      "supportNote": "Wikipedia: unattended operation resumed on 20 February 2000.",
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       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "src-eff7f743eeb1ce9a",
      "title": "Osaka Metro (NiNE) — New Tram",
      "url": "https://metronine.osaka/en/metro_station/new-tram/",
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       "name": null,
       "domain": "metronine.osaka",
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       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator's own media site: the New Tram is an unmanned, automatically driven automated guideway transit line; lists the ten stations from Cosmosquare to Suminoekoen.",
       "exact": false
      },
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-bb7b6ad19bef464b",
      "title": "Osaka Metro press release, 14 March 2025 — extra New Tram services for Expo 2025",
      "url": "https://subway.osakametro.co.jp/news/news_release/20250314_NT_zouhatsu_dia.php",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "subway.osakametro.co.jp",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-03-14",
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      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator: from 9 April to 13 October 2025 three additional timetable patterns with trains every 2 minutes 30 seconds for Expo 2025, up to 377 and 380 trips a day per direction.",
       "exact": false
      },
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     {
      "id": "src-66ef651843c52431",
      "title": "The Japan News / Yomiuri Shimbun — Yokohama train crash proves need to check safety of driverless systems (14 June 2019)",
      "url": "https://www.inkl.com/news/yokohama-train-crash-proves-need-to-check-safety-of-driverless-systems",
      "publisher": {
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      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Independent established press, after the June 2019 Yokohama crash: a New Tram train in Osaka went out of control and crashed in 1993 — counter-evidence to the assumption that Japan's unmanned lines are inherently safe.",
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      "id": "src-f5c0292af41a25f1",
      "title": "Wikipedia (Japanese) — Osaka Metro Nanko Port Town Line",
      "url": "https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka_Metro%E5%8D%97%E6%B8%AF%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E7%B7%9A",
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       "clm-4118aeab1b504915",
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       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Tertiary but the fullest chronology: opening 16 March 1981 with crews aboard; 7.9 km, 10 stations; unattended operation from 20 October 1991; the 5 October 1993 runaway with 215 injured; service resumed with attendants on 19 November 1993; unattended operation resumed 20 February 2000; last 100A series cars retired 2019.",
       "exact": false
      },
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     {
      "id": "src-2da17c7c30182e17",
      "title": "Wikipedia (English) — Port Island Line (Kobe Port Liner)",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Island_Line",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.wikipedia.org",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-14",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-14",
       "retrievedAt": null,
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      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Kobe's Port Liner opened on 5 February 1981; used only to place Osaka in the lineage, not to claim primacy.",
       "exact": false
      },
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       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-bca0f74ec401e62d",
      "title": "Failure Knowledge Database, case 105 — runaway New Tram train",
      "url": "https://www.sydrose.com/case100/shippai-data/105/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "sydrose.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
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      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
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       "clm-2473b42ce8fdd633",
       "clm-de2c7ec0682b7dbf",
       "clm-23557f95478197ba"
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       "updatedAt": null,
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-14",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-14",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Engineering failure-case account based on the investigation committee's final report: the service brake failed because a relay contact passed no current for a moment; the train ran about 51 m past its stopping point at 35 km/h into the buffer; 215 injured; the cause of the contact damage was never established; remedies were changed contact layout and doubled wiring, a shared brake power supply that triggers the emergency brake, and trackside overspeed detection; attendants rode from 19 November.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
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       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
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    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 10,
     "claimsMapped": 10,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 5,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 1,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}