{ "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0", "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z", "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.", "entity": { "type": "project", "id": "neom-oxagon", "title": "Port of NEOM (Oxagon)", "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/neom-oxagon/" }, "currentRevisionId": "2026-10-05-baseline", "revisions": [ { "id": "2026-10-05-baseline", "createdAt": "2026-10-05T22:28:10Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-10-05", "changeType": "baseline", "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 14 claims and 9 source dossiers.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "add", "path": "/evidencePassport", "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers." }, { "operation": "add", "path": "/revisionHistory", "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:f2cf83c1484c4ba5336eea1a4287d4f28a68856edf6aad3f0807098b3bd4505e", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-10-05", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:252d47451ba2aa8638a5fd70cd3eeacdb174405ed7eda138806e0be3682c453c", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "construction", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "official", "timeline": { "started": 2021, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": null, "actorTypes": [ "national-government" ], "fundingModel": "public", "fundingDescription": null, "cost": null, "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-d191cee224e39949", "field": "snippet", "text": "has handled cargo and ferry traffic since NEOM took over the old Duba Port in 2022", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-ef402edb901de395", "src-4d740f796e1d4b7c", "src-63adf667019ca397" ], "supportNote": "NEOM's 2023 release: \"the management of Duba Port was transferred from national maritime regulator Mawani, to NEOM in 2022\" and renamed Port of NEOM, with container and general cargo handling expanded. NEOM's port page lists \"RoRo (roll on – roll off) ferry operations\" among its current services. MEED dates operations from 2022.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-47c624d49ea88909", "field": "snippet", "text": "Construction of the new port was 68% complete, by NEOM's count, in December 2025", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-a77fec9dc3febeed" ], "supportNote": "Newsweek, 8 December 2025: \"Construction at the Neom port has reached 68 percent completion, according to the company.\"", "caveat": "An operator figure relayed by Newsweek; no independent progress measure is given.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-86eb04eacbec2e5a", "field": "snippet", "text": "In May 2025 the port received Saudi Arabia's first fully automated, remote-controlled cranes", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-15ac6b9d70a9f032", "src-427a66f538749426" ], "supportNote": "World Cargo News: \"In May, the port took delivery of three STS cranes and four electric RTGs (eRTGs) from ZPMC, all remote-controlled and automated—a first for Saudi Arabia.\" Saudi Gazette (4 June 2025) reports \"the arrival of Saudi Arabia's first fully automated, remote-controlled cranes\".", "caveat": "'First in Saudi Arabia' is the port's own claim as relayed by both outlets.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-709c08963f8c8f16", "field": "snippet", "text": "built by ZPMC and coordinated by a fleet-management system that uses machine learning", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-15ac6b9d70a9f032" ], "supportNote": "World Cargo News: the cranes come from ZPMC, and \"The automated crane operations will be coordinated by a Fleet Management System (FMS) integrated with the Terminal Operating System (TOS), enabling continuous optimisation through machine learning.\"", "caveat": "Described in the future tense by the port's director of operations; full end-to-end automation is targeted for the end of 2028.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4f998f8b893922e8", "field": "snippet", "text": "Phase 2 earthworks were under way by August 2025", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-f3cdcee1418cc558" ], "supportNote": "AGBI, 28 August 2025: Phase 2 of Oxagon \"is undergoing earthworks ahead of major dredging later this year\", quoting Deme Group's CEO: \"We are busy with the dry earth moving activities for the Oxagon phase 2 project\".", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4d6d89c96954ac8c", "field": "snippet", "text": "toward a 1.5-million-TEU target", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-4d740f796e1d4b7c", "src-a77fec9dc3febeed" ], "supportNote": "NEOM's port page: activity and capacity \"build to 1.5 million TEU\"; Newsweek: \"The project targets a capacity of 1.5 million containers by 2030.\"", "caveat": "A design target, not a throughput forecast.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-f2618f759706a5e9", "field": "snippet", "text": "Terminal 1, first due in 2025 and then 2026, will only ramp up in 2027", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-ef402edb901de395", "src-cba80d8dca497e80", "src-4d740f796e1d4b7c" ], "supportNote": "In May 2023 NEOM stated its \"intention to open the first advanced terminal in 2025\". AGBI (August 2026): T1 \"was originally scheduled to open last year — a deadline later extended to 2026\"; a spokesperson said it would still open by year-end, with 2027 seeing \"activity and capacity ramp up\". NEOM's port page now calls 2027 \"its first full year of operations\".", "caveat": "NEOM still says the terminal opens in 2026; AGBI reports that NEOM's website at one point said T1 'launches from 2027 onwards'.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-809ec78291cf235f", "field": "snippet", "text": "IMF data cited in August 2026 put the port at 0.3% of Saudi imports", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-cba80d8dca497e80" ], "supportNote": "AGBI: \"It accounts for just 0.3 percent of Saudi Arabia's imports and essentially zero exports, according to the International Monetary Fund's Port Watch.\"", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-a80c95c3a2def92b", "field": "snippet", "text": "As the wider NEOM programme was cut back", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-7acb331b9ee024f4", "src-63adf667019ca397" ], "supportNote": "EnterpriseAM: PIF has been cutting spending since 2024, \"with some project budgets down as much as 60%\", and \"What survives the cull is the port, the plant, and the data centers.\" MEED: \"Neom's recent news flow has been about contract terminations\".", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-3376631d5dc8f066", "field": "snippet", "text": "the head of its owner, the Public Investment Fund, called Oxagon 'the fundamental part of Neom'", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-63adf667019ca397" ], "supportNote": "MEED: PIF governor Yasir Al-Rumayyan, presenting the fund's 2026-30 strategy in April, said The Line would be good to have but not essential, while \"Oxagon, on the other hand, was described as 'the fundamental part of Neom'\".", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-5303accc189c11f6", "field": "lesson", "text": "A port first used to supply a giga-project", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-ef402edb901de395", "src-cba80d8dca497e80" ], "supportNote": "NEOM (2023) called the port critical \"from the import of goods and materials during the development phase\"; AGBI (2026) quotes Transport Intelligence: the port \"is more focused on roll-on, roll-off ferry traffic and bulk construction materials\".", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-65f627197ee3b2af", "field": "lesson", "text": "as NEOM was cut back, its owner singled out Oxagon", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-63adf667019ca397" ], "supportNote": "MEED: \"There have been increasing signs that Oxagon is taking precedence over the rest of the giga-portfolio\", after the PIF governor called it \"the fundamental part of Neom\".", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-41d420483b7671c1", "field": "lesson", "text": "with no rail link and major cities days away by truck", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-cba80d8dca497e80", "src-63adf667019ca397" ], "supportNote": "AGBI: \"Should container ships begin visiting the port, their cargo would still take days to reach major cities\" and \"There's no rail connection\". MEED: a rail line would \"finally give the Port of Neom a direct rail link into the kingdom's interior, something it has lacked since operations began in 2022\".", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-f0a18b942f497f73", "field": "lesson", "text": "the port played a statistically insignificant role when Gulf shipping was disrupted in 2026", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-cba80d8dca497e80" ], "supportNote": "AGBI: \"During the disruptions to Gulf shipping since February, Port of Neom has played a statistically insignificant role, lacking the facilities to process large ships.\"", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-ef402edb901de395", "title": "NEOM (operator) — Port of NEOM Open for Business", "url": "https://www.neom.com/en-us/newsroom/neom-port-business", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "neom.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d191cee224e39949", "clm-f2618f759706a5e9", "clm-5303accc189c11f6" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-05-17", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Official announcement: interim Port of NEOM has handled container, general, project and bulk cargo plus RoPax/ferry services since being handed over in 2022.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-427a66f538749426", "title": "Saudi Gazette — Port of NEOM receives Saudi Arabia's first remote-controlled cranes", "url": "https://saudigazette.com.sa/article/652453/SAUDI-ARABIA/Port-of-NEOM-receives-Saudi-Arabias-first-remote-controlled-cranes", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "saudigazette.com.sa", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-86eb04eacbec2e5a" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-06-04", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "May 2025: first delivery (3 STS, 4 eRTG cranes) of automated, remote-controlled equipment, reported as a first for Saudi Arabia, ahead of the 2026 terminal launch.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-15ac6b9d70a9f032", "title": "World Cargo News — NEOM: Saudi Arabia's leap into terminal automation", "url": "https://www.worldcargonews.com/ict-automation/2025/08/neom-saudi-arabias-leap-into-terminal-automation/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "worldcargonews.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-86eb04eacbec2e5a", "clm-709c08963f8c8f16" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-08-21", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Trade press, Aug 2025: ZPMC supplies all 10 STS/30 eRTG cranes; Fleet Management System uses machine learning; Siemens/Mevea digital-twin pilot for predictive maintenance; full end-to-end automation targeted for 2028.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-a77fec9dc3febeed", "title": "Newsweek — Update: Major Port Grows at World's Biggest Construction Site", "url": "https://www.newsweek.com/update-neom-oxagon-port-worlds-biggest-construction-site-saudi-arabia-11172629", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "newsweek.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-47c624d49ea88909", "clm-4d6d89c96954ac8c" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-12-08", "updatedAt": "2025-12-16", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "December 2025: construction 68% complete; current interim capacity about 250,000 TEU/year; target 1.5 million TEU by 2030; full container-terminal operations set to begin 2026.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-f3cdcee1418cc558", "title": "AGBI — Saudi Arabia pushes on with phase 2 of NEOM's Oxagon port", "url": "https://www.agbi.com/giga-projects/2025/08/saudi-arabia-pushes-on-with-phase-2-of-neoms-oxagon-port/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "agbi.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-4f998f8b893922e8" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-08-28", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "August 2025: dredging contractor Deme Group confirms phase-2 earthmoving under way, major dredging planned for later 2025.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-cba80d8dca497e80", "title": "AGBI — Neom pushes back container terminal ramp-up into 2027 (25 Aug 2026)", "url": "https://www.agbi.com/analysis/logistics/2026/08/neom-pushes-back-container-terminal-ramp-up-into-2027/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "agbi.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-f2618f759706a5e9", "clm-809ec78291cf235f", "clm-5303accc189c11f6", "clm-41d420483b7671c1", "clm-f0a18b942f497f73" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-08-25", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "T1 slipped from 2025 to 2026 with ramp-up in 2027; 0.3% of Saudi imports (IMF Port Watch); statistically insignificant role during the 2026 Gulf shipping disruption; no rail connection.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-63adf667019ca397", "title": "MEED — Oxagon takes centre stage at Neom (29 Sep 2026)", "url": "https://www.meed.com/oxagon-takes-centre-stage-at-neom", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "meed.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d191cee224e39949", "clm-a80c95c3a2def92b", "clm-3376631d5dc8f066", "clm-65f627197ee3b2af", "clm-41d420483b7671c1" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-09-29", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "PIF governor called Oxagon 'the fundamental part of Neom' as the wider programme was reprioritised; port has lacked a rail link since operations began in 2022.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-7acb331b9ee024f4", "title": "EnterpriseAM — Neom quietly moves on from The Line's original vision (14 Jul 2026)", "url": "https://enterpriseam.com/ksa/2026/07/14/neom-quietly-moves-on-from-the-lines-original-vision/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "enterpriseam.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-a80c95c3a2def92b" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-07-14", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "PIF spending cuts, budgets down as much as 60%; 'what survives the cull is the port, the plant, and the data centers'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-4d740f796e1d4b7c", "title": "NEOM — Port of NEOM (operator page)", "url": "https://www.neom.com/en-us/our-business/port-of-neom", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "neom.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d191cee224e39949", "clm-4d6d89c96954ac8c", "clm-f2618f759706a5e9" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-10-05", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-10-05", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator page: current services include RoRo ferry operations; new container terminal launches in 2026 with 2027 its first full year, building to 1.5 million TEU.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 14, "claimsMapped": 14, "sourcesTotal": 9, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 9, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 8, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } } ] }