{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "nagoya-smart-water-meters",
  "title": "Nagoya Smart Water Meter Trial",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/nagoya-smart-water-meters/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-22T22:05:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-02",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 7 claims and 5 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:03924df06b68206368fddd0baf9a50c1278676ed945a602503d1dddccb59a674",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-02",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:a82fa4e71329dce5744705cb5c84be1a44ccb0995fb96fd3d545beb68f27bb8b",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2020,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Nagoya City Waterworks & Sewerage Bureau, with Chubu Electric Power",
     "actorTypes": [
      "utility"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "utility",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-3bc9567282e1c882",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Nagoya City Waterworks & Sewerage Bureau has been piloting smart water meters since a March 2020 agreement with Chubu Electric Power",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-69d164dc3716991f",
       "src-00fa0eb41f7ff4ad"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Chubu Electric Power's press release of 26 March 2020, co-issued with the Nagoya City Waterworks & Sewerage Bureau, announces that the two signed an agreement that day on the trial introduction of automatic water-usage reading by smart water meters (名古屋市上下水道局と水道スマートメーターの試験導入に関する協定を締結). The 2021 release carried by Nikkei refers back to “the agreement on the trial introduction of automatic water-usage reading by smart water meters, concluded on 26 March 2020” (2020年3月26日に締結した). The bureau is named as a party in every listed source from 2020 to 2026, so the pilots run continuously under its authority.",
      "caveat": "The March 2020 agreement was written to run only to 31 March 2024. The later rounds rest on separate agreements — one with Aichi Tokei Denki in 2022, one with Chubu Electric and Ryomo Systems in 2023 — rather than on an extension of the first one.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-58246d771101624c",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "an initial trial reached 124 apartment units by May 2021",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-00fa0eb41f7ff4ad"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The release republished by Nikkei on 6 May 2021 states that, under the March 2020 agreement, the trial began that day in apartment buildings in Nagoya covering 124 dwelling units (本日より、名古屋市内の集合住宅（124戸）にて). The detail section names the sites as one apartment building each in Kita ward and Atsuta ward, and gives the test period as 6 May 2021 to 31 March 2024.",
      "caveat": "The source describes 124 units as the size at which the trial started on 6 May 2021, in two buildings, not a number it grew to over time. The 2020 agreement had set out roughly 100 units. None of the other listed sources states the figure — including the one whose title in this entry announces it.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-ae1137644acec6a5",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "using the utility's electricity smart-meter communication network for automatic reading instead of manual checks",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-69d164dc3716991f",
       "src-00fa0eb41f7ff4ad",
       "src-38f39805e8abf358"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Both Chubu Electric releases say the water meters are read over the electricity smart-meter communication network the power company owns — “by making use of the communication network of the electricity smart meters held by Chubu Electric Power, water-usage data is retrieved remotely at regular intervals” (中部電力が保有する電力スマートメータの通信ネットワークを活用することで、水道使用量データの定期的な遠隔取得を行います). The 2020 agreement gives labour-saving in meter reading as its purpose, and the city's 2026 page defines a smart water meter as one that retrieves remotely the reading that used to be checked on site (これまで現地で確認していたメータの指示値を遠隔で取得).",
      "caveat": "The network belongs to Chubu Electric Power, the electricity company, not to the water bureau that runs the pilot. It carries only the meters in the Chubu rounds; the 2022 round used a mobile-carrier network instead, and the 2026 round uses meters with the radio unit built in.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-0074f1725b2889d1",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "A parallel 2022 agreement with Aichi Tokei Denki tested cellular LPWA communication for the same purpose.",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-5b1e9b0effb273c5"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Aichi Tokei Denki announced on 3 February 2022 that it had signed an agreement with the Nagoya City Waterworks & Sewerage Bureau on 31 January 2022 for “joint research on smart water meters using cellular LPWA” (セルラー系LPWAを用いた水道スマートメーターに関する共同研究). The stated aim is to verify communication success rates in varied installation settings and to gain knowledge toward full introduction of smart water meters. The round ran from January 2022 to March 2025, overlapping the Chubu trial, with about 100 meters planned in Midori ward.",
      "caveat": "The source calls this joint research with a meter manufacturer rather than an operating trial, and it is the manufacturer's own announcement. Its purpose overlaps the Chubu round but is not identical: it tests how well different mobile carriers reach meters in different settings, and routes readings through the manufacturer's own cloud.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-6048c0b0a90bf950",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "In June 2026 the bureau opened a new recruitment round for roughly 100 single-family homes to pilot integrated smart meters",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-38f39805e8abf358"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The bureau's own announcement sets the application window at 1 June to 30 June 2026 (令和8年6月1日（月曜日）から令和8年6月30日（火曜日）まで), gives the number sought as about 100 units (募集戸数 100戸程度), and limits eligibility to water customers in detached houses and similar with a 20 mm or 25 mm connection, expressly excluding apartment buildings (戸建て住宅など（集合住宅を除く）). The meters being fitted are described as newly introduced integrated units in which the communication terminal and the meter are one piece (一体型スマートメータ).",
      "caveat": "The announcement itself is dated 29 May 2026; June is the month applications are accepted. It is a call for volunteers rather than a confirmed installation: the bureau says it will select among applicants if there are too many, contact those chosen during July, and fit the meters from September onwards.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-20a90296b3d81223",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "ahead of a planned fiscal-2026 smartphone service for hourly and daily consumption data",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-38f39805e8abf358"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The bureau writes that a notification service letting customers check their water usage and water and sewerage charges from a smartphone or similar device is planned for introduction during fiscal year Reiwa 8, which runs from April 2026 to March 2027 (スマートフォン等からご使用水量や上下水道料金などを確認できるお知らせサービスについて、令和8年度中の導入を予定しています). Hourly and daily figures come from a separate web service that applicants must sign up for as a condition of taking part (時間毎、日毎のご使用水量がわかるWebサービス).",
      "caveat": "The page describes two different services. The hourly and daily readings belong to the web service that participants register for now, which the bureau says is provided by an outside company; the smartphone service planned for fiscal 2026 is described as showing usage and charges, without the page saying it will carry the hourly and daily detail.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-052cafa747f8dd71",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "Six years into smart-water-meter trials",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-69d164dc3716991f",
       "src-38f39805e8abf358"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The span is the distance between two dated sources: Chubu Electric and the bureau signed the first trial agreement on 26 March 2020, and the bureau's own announcement of 29 May 2026 opens a further round of trial installations running from September 2026. Six years and three months separate them, and the listed sources show a further agreement in each of 2022 and 2023 in between, so the trials are continuous rather than a single episode. The find string points to the dateline of the 2020 agreement, which is the start of the count.",
      "caveat": "No source uses the phrase “six years” or counts the elapsed time. It is the span between the first agreement and the newest round, measured across two sources.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-69d164dc3716991f",
      "title": "Chubu Electric Power — smart water meter trial agreement with Nagoya Waterworks Bureau",
      "url": "https://www.chuden.co.jp/publicity/press/3272658_21432.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "chuden.co.jp",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "role": "claim-evidence",
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      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2020-03-26",
       "updatedAt": null,
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-02",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "March 2020 agreement establishing the pilot",
       "exact": false
      },
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-22005cc1658b9706",
      "title": "Chubu Electric Power — 2023 demonstration test with Ryomo Systems (Naka ward, ~90 homes)",
      "url": "https://www.chuden.co.jp/publicity/press/1210831_3273.html",
      "publisher": {
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       "domain": "chuden.co.jp",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2023-06-12",
       "updatedAt": null,
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-02",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
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       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The URL serves a release of 12 June 2023 on a later demonstration test with Ryomo Systems in Naka ward, not the May 2021 trial the entry once cited it for.",
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     {
      "id": "src-00fa0eb41f7ff4ad",
      "title": "Nikkei — Nagoya Waterworks Bureau and Chubu Electric start automatic water-meter reading trial",
      "url": "https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXLRSP609749_W1A500C2000000/",
      "publisher": {
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       "domain": "nikkei.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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       "clm-ae1137644acec6a5"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2021-05-06",
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      },
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     {
      "id": "src-38f39805e8abf358",
      "title": "Nagoya City — recruiting households for smart water meter installation, 2026",
      "url": "https://www.city.nagoya.jp/houdou/3003942/3003944/3004653.html",
      "publisher": {
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       "domain": "city.nagoya.jp",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2026-05-29",
       "updatedAt": null,
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       "retrievedAt": null,
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      },
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       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "June 2026 recruitment round, roughly 100 single-family homes, planned fiscal-2026 smartphone consumption service",
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     {
      "id": "src-5b1e9b0effb273c5",
      "title": "Aichi Tokei Denki — cellular LPWA smart water meter joint research",
      "url": "https://www.aichitokei.co.jp/news/20220203/24141/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
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       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "role": "claim-evidence",
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      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2022-02-03",
       "updatedAt": null,
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-02",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
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       "value": "2022 agreement testing cellular LPWA communication for smart water meters with Nagoya Waterworks Bureau",
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    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 7,
     "claimsMapped": 7,
     "sourcesTotal": 5,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 4,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 5,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}