{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "munich-mvg-rad-bikeshare",
  "title": "MVG Rad Bike-Share",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/munich-mvg-rad-bikeshare/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-27-claims-and-sources",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-27-claims-and-sources",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-27T02:03:11Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-27",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 10 claims and 6 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:d2176f8597d91e7dde42ffdbd7942f99d6906fafbe52ada8490860464f31bb15",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-27",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:88779c58b2ab8e6d6bff328ac50f6f926ab44cadb306ab2bbc18a113b23b39b9",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "completed",
     "outcome": "succeeded",
     "evidenceGrade": "media",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2015,
      "ended": 2025
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft (MVG)",
     "actorTypes": [
      "utility"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "utility",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-f819f80c31967a02",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "from 9 October 2015 until its ten-year term ended on 30 September 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-af8fb8c9fa4987db",
       "src-cf669567d273775f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The community reference gives the start as 9 October 2015 and states the system was to be replaced after 30 September 2025; the city mobility department writes that after ten years MVG Rad reached the planned end of its term on that date.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-59390f65b00a8d50",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "It opened with 600 bikes at 24 stations",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-af8fb8c9fa4987db"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The community reference states that at the start there were 600 rental bikes at 24 stations across the city.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-0fc12f2da52eb56a",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "by late 2020 it had about 4,400, roughly 3,200 of them in the city and 1,200 in the surrounding districts",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-c24cb5afd27da6ed"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The November 2020 report states that of 4,400 bikes in total, around 3,200 were available in the city and 1,200 in the surrounding area.",
      "caveat": "A November 2020 snapshot, not a closing count; the community reference later gives around 4,500 bikes.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-bb8c6a2e15d977ec",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "at around 300 stations reaching the Munich and Starnberg districts and Poing",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-af8fb8c9fa4987db"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The community reference states that the bikes were available in Munich and in the districts of Munich and Starnberg and in Poing, at what had grown to 300 rental stations.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-54b950fa36e49941",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "the operation was nextbike's under a contract — and when that contract ran out, the successor had to be procured in the open",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-af8fb8c9fa4987db",
       "src-01dd8f0f3a26e40b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The community reference states that the contract between the service provider Nextbike GmbH and MVG expired in 2025; the MVV advisory states that nextbike GmbH won the operation of the successor system in a Europe-wide tender.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-69d76c87d083ad02",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "By November 2020 the system had passed two million rentals, with up to 7,000 a day, an average hire of 15 to 20 minutes and its busiest stations at Münchner Freiheit and the two big universities",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-c24cb5afd27da6ed"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The November 2020 report announces the two-millionth rental and states that up to 7,000 rentals take place per day, that the average hire lasts 15 to 20 minutes, and that the most popular stations are at Münchner Freiheit, the university and TU München.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-d81466f8392701cf",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "125 further stations were being planned with the city and the Landkreis sharing the cost",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-c24cb5afd27da6ed"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The same report states that planning was under way for 125 further stations and that the expansion in city and county was carried out in cooperation with, and with financial participation by, the city of Munich and the Landkreis München.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-f109c3763a07722c",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "in a motion of 21 August 2025 the CSU and Freie Wähler group on the city council asked the mobility department to stop the successor system outright, putting its cost at up to 6.7 million euros a year against private operators in Munich that take no public money",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-1a2db58c0ce93625",
       "src-25c575f2b60913d1"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The motion published by the council group asks the mobility department to stop the introduction of a successor system to MVG Rad, giving as its reason that the successor is to cost up to 6.7 million euros a year while a number of private providers in Munich manage without public money; the city's official bulletin of 21 August 2025 lists the motion under that title.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-789af4b39bd76f6f",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "the replacement did not open until 7 May 2026: a losing bidder challenged the award, first in a review procedure and then before the BayObLG, and the city gives that as the reason there could be no seamless handover",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-cf669567d273775f",
       "src-01dd8f0f3a26e40b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The city mobility department states that the intended seamless handover could not be realised because of a review procedure and a subsequent complaint to the BayObLG by an unsuccessful bidder; the MVV advisory dates the MyRadl launch to 7 May 2026.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-53310ab57958ffa5",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "What eventually opened was not MVG's system rebuilt but a regional one, run by nextbike for Munich and 36 neighbouring municipalities",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-01dd8f0f3a26e40b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The MVV advisory describes MyRadl as covering Munich and 36 surrounding towns and municipalities, with nextbike GmbH awarded operation and local system management after a Europe-wide tender.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-af8fb8c9fa4987db",
      "title": "MVG Rad — münchenwiki",
      "url": "https://www.muenchenwiki.de/wiki/MVG_Rad",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "muenchenwiki.de",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-f819f80c31967a02",
       "clm-59390f65b00a8d50",
       "clm-bb8c6a2e15d977ec",
       "clm-54b950fa36e49941"
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       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-28",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Community reference work: launch on 9 October 2015 with 600 bikes at 24 stations, later around 4,500 bikes at 300 stations across Munich and the districts of Munich and Starnberg and Poing, bikes weighing 23.4 kg, the nextbike GmbH operating contract expiring in 2025, and the council motion to scrap the successor.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
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       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-c24cb5afd27da6ed",
      "title": "Wochenanzeiger — MVG Rad passes two million rentals",
      "url": "https://www.wochenanzeiger.de/article/mwa228104",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "wochenanzeiger.de",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
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      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2020-11-06",
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27",
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       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Regional press on the two-millionth rental: 4,400 bikes in total, about 3,200 in the city and 1,200 in the surrounding area, 125 further stations being planned with the city and the Landkreis sharing the cost, up to 7,000 rentals a day, average hire 15 to 20 minutes, busiest stations Münchner Freiheit, the university and TU München.",
       "exact": false
      },
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       "contentHash": null,
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-cf669567d273775f",
      "title": "MVG Rad: Betrieb endet im September 2025 — München unterwegs",
      "url": "https://muenchenunterwegs.de/angebote/mvg-rad",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "muenchenunterwegs.de",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
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      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
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       "clm-789af4b39bd76f6f"
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       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "City of Munich mobility department: MVG Rad reached the planned end of its ten-year term on 30 September 2025, and the handover to MyRadl could not be seamless because a losing bidder brought a review procedure and then a complaint before the BayObLG.",
       "exact": false
      },
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-01dd8f0f3a26e40b",
      "title": "MyRadl launches 7 May 2026 — MVV press release",
      "url": "https://www.mvv-muenchen.de/mvv-im-ueberblick/die-gesellschaft/presse/pressemeldung/flexibel-und-umweltfreundlich-unterwegs-myradl-das-bikesharing-system-fuer-die-region-muenchen-startet-am-7-mai-2026/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "mvv-muenchen.de",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
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       "clm-789af4b39bd76f6f",
       "clm-53310ab57958ffa5"
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-28",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "MVV advisory: MyRadl opens 7 May 2026 across Munich and 36 surrounding towns and municipalities, operated by nextbike after a Europe-wide tender.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
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       "contentHash": null,
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      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-25c575f2b60913d1",
      "title": "Rathaus-Umschau — motion \"Haushalt konsolidieren – Nachfolge MVG Rad stoppen\"",
      "url": "https://ru.muenchen.de/2025/158",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "ru.muenchen.de",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-f109c3763a07722c"
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      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-08-21",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-28",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The city's official bulletin of 21 August 2025 lists the motion 'Haushalt konsolidieren – Nachfolge MVG Rad stoppen' from members of the CSU with FREIE WÄHLER council group.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
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       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-1a2db58c0ce93625",
      "title": "CSU/Freie Wähler group on the Munich city council — text of the motion",
      "url": "https://csu-stadtrat-muenchen.de/haushalt-konsolidieren-nachfolge-mvg-rad-stoppen/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "csu-stadtrat-muenchen.de",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-f109c3763a07722c"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-08-21",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-28",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Text of the motion as published by the council group: it asks the mobility department to stop the introduction of a successor system, citing a projected cost of up to 6.7 million euros a year (council paper 20-26/V 10861) and private providers in Munich that manage without public funds.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 10,
     "claimsMapped": 10,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 6,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 3,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}