{ "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0", "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z", "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.", "entity": { "type": "project", "id": "montreal-bixi", "title": "BIXI Montréal: city-owned bikes, non-profit operator, operator-held data", "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/montreal-bixi/" }, "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-21-source-dates", "revisions": [ { "id": "2026-08-20-claim-baseline", "createdAt": "2026-08-21T10:15:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-07-26", "changeType": "baseline", "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 12 claims and 15 source dossiers.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "add", "path": "/evidencePassport", "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers." }, { "operation": "add", "path": "/revisionHistory", "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:f2c8a0d6a16c95c3d01252d928a411bbcedb4575dc99692478f9912dcd77d3b4", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:9f5b399b616c77d3577b15f9b40d0fb6c468e238a5a8a9b7cc9cbe5d51c5f190", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "live", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "official", "timeline": { "started": 2009, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": "BIXI Montréal (non-profit); assets owned by the Ville de Montréal", "actorTypes": [ "civil-society" ], "fundingModel": "public", "fundingDescription": "Ville de Montréal owns the assets and funds expansion, user fees cover operations; CAD 5.16M federal Canada Public Transit Fund contribution for station electrification 2025-2027", "cost": "CAD 108M 2011 bailout (CAD 37M loan plus CAD 71M in guarantees); CAD 11.9M paid for the local assets in 2014; CAD 5.5M/yr city development envelope 2026-2028", "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-14adb81f952fcee7", "field": "snippet", "text": "BIXI launched in May 2009 with 3,000 bikes and 300 modular stations that needed no excavation and came out again for the winter", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-75ca255a5fa46f93", "src-8d8dd32480974213" ], "supportNote": "The supplier states 'Initially launched in 2009, BIXI's fleet comprised 3,000 ICONIC bikes and 300 stations', and the corporate history describes the stations as modular, needing 'no excavation beforehand' and installable in about half an hour.", "caveat": "Both are supplier sources. The corporate history is low-authority and is used only for the physical description and the export list.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4e140630669ce21c", "field": "snippet", "text": "the Montreal-built equipment was then sold to London, Toronto, New York, Boston and Washington", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-8d8dd32480974213" ], "supportNote": "The only consolidated list of export customers reached names systems supplied to London, Toronto, New York, Boston, Washington, Melbourne and Minneapolis.", "caveat": "Low-authority source, used only for the export list. The Toronto leg is independently corroborated by the atlas's own Toronto entry, where the supplier's 2014 bankruptcy left the city owed most of a CAD 4.5M loan.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-d9275db63500449b", "field": "snippet", "text": "Its maker went bankrupt in January 2014 owing about CAD 50M; the city bought the local assets for CAD 11.9M and created BIXI Montréal, a non-profit, to run them", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-3db4483e9c747e20", "src-b347a94084483a17", "src-8560b8232058ba51" ], "supportNote": "The Public Bike System Company filed for bankruptcy protection owing about CAD 50M, including money to the City of Montreal. In February 2014 the city bought the local assets for CAD 11.9M and set up 'a new not-for-profit organization set up to manage the local operation'. The operator's own page confirms the legal form: 'BIXI Montréal is a non-profit organization created in 2014 by the city of Montréal to manage its bike-sharing system.'", "caveat": "Both CBC pages returned an error to automated fetching; outlet, article and figures were confirmed through search.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-b52f1d17faead8fd", "field": "snippet", "text": "a CAD 5.16M federal contribution for electrifying stations in 2025 went to the Ville de Montréal, not to BIXI", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-22acc790b7257916" ], "supportNote": "The grant record names the recipient as 'Ville de Montréal', not BIXI: CAD 5,164,674 from the Fonds pour le transport en commun du Canada, 13 November 2025 to 31 March 2027, to electrify bike-share stations and acquire new equipment.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-5be34356b98def8d", "field": "snippet", "text": "the copyright in the published trip history is claimed by the operator, not the city", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-249c8de51366b8a2", "src-ffcc67c2532296d4" ], "supportNote": "Read directly on the city's own portal page: 'Les droits de propriété intellectuelle et le droit d'auteur de cet ensemble de données sont détenus par BIXI Montréal' — the IP and copyright in the trip dataset are held by the operator. The real-time station feed on the same portal carries the identical notice.", "caveat": "The licence is 'Creative Commons avec attribution', which permits commercial reuse with credit to BIXI Montréal. The finding is about who holds the right, not about whether reuse is allowed.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-c1901dbdfa0e1095", "field": "snippet", "text": "The network carried 14.5 million trips in 2025 across 13 municipalities and now runs through the winter", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-174f37e2404a5a0e", "src-640f2f75fbc9a286" ], "supportNote": "The operator release records the 2025 network at 12,600 bikes including 3,200 electric, at close to 1,000 stations in 13 Quebec cities, with Sherbrooke, Saint-Lambert, Saint-Eustache and Deux-Montagnes joining in 2025. Winter service became permanent from 2024-25 'following the results of 2023's pilot project'.", "caveat": "Operator figures, not independently audited.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-0b676f8c5f7dfc43", "field": "impact", "text": "14.5 million trips in 2025, roughly 9 per cent above 2024, and the 100 millionth trip since 2009 (BIXI figures)", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-174f37e2404a5a0e" ], "supportNote": "The operator release records 100 million trips since 2009 — the 50 millionth having come only in 2022 — an all-time monthly record of 2,340,000 trips in July 2025 and 98,618 trips on 11 June 2025.", "caveat": "Operator self-report, labelled as such in the entry. No independent audit of ridership was found.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-c2a34bd74dc05dde", "field": "impact", "text": "The 2025 network was 12,600 bikes, 3,200 of them electric, at close to 1,000 stations in 13 municipalities", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-174f37e2404a5a0e", "src-8560b8232058ba51" ], "supportNote": "The release gives 12,600 bikes including 3,200 electric at close to 1,000 stations in 13 Quebec cities. The operator's own page states 'more than 13,000 bikes (including 3,500 electric BIXIs) and more than 1 000 stations', a later and larger figure.", "caveat": "The two operator sources disagree slightly because they were published at different points in the season; the entry uses the dated release rather than the undated page.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-73643b23461bae73", "field": "impact", "text": "winter service, permanent since 2024-25 after a pilot in which 93,000 people made nearly a million trips, keeps 234 stations and 2,300 studded-tyre bikes running from 16 November to 14 April", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-640f2f75fbc9a286" ], "supportNote": "The operator states that in the 2023-24 pilot '93,000 people used BIXI to make nearly one million trips', and that the permanent service runs 234 stations and 2,300 regular BIXIs with studded tires and non-slip pedals, 16 November 2025 to 14 April 2026, around the clock, across ten Montreal boroughs plus Westmount and Montréal-Est.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-6191a8d787ca4402", "field": "lesson", "text": "Montreal owns and electrifies the stations, yet the trip history on the city's own open data portal states that the intellectual property and copyright are held by BIXI Montréal", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-22acc790b7257916", "src-249c8de51366b8a2" ], "supportNote": "The federal electrification grant names the Ville de Montréal as recipient, so the capital assets sit with the city; the same city's portal states that the IP and copyright in the trip dataset are held by BIXI Montréal.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-72be307a728f7156", "field": "lesson", "text": "BIXI announces its own January increases, and the seasonal pass has gone from CAD 99 in 2023 to CAD 115 in 2026 while members get no free minutes at all on e-bikes: a 45-minute electric trip costs CAD 8.55, computed from Montreal's own posted rate of 19 cents a minute", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-0d54238e5d69c4d8", "src-b21ca82f859bcc74" ], "supportNote": "La Presse records the annual escalation the operator announces itself — seasonal pass from CAD 99 to CAD 107 for 2024 and the e-bike member rate from 13 to 17 cents a minute, with a further step to CAD 112 and 18 cents from 20 January 2025. The posted price list read on 26 July 2026 gives CAD 115 for the seasonal pass, 0-45 minutes included on regular bikes and electric bikes at 19 cents a minute for members with no included minutes.", "caveat": "The CAD 8.55 figure is arithmetic on the operator's own posted rate, not a price the operator prints; the entry says so.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4f4025869f1d2f7e", "field": "lesson", "text": "The posted price list carries no income-eligible fare, only a 10 per cent group rate", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-b21ca82f859bcc74" ], "supportNote": "The only discount listed on the posted rates is 10 per cent for groups of twenty or more; no income-eligible fare appears.", "caveat": "A negative reading of a price page on one date. It would change the moment the operator adds such a fare.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-8560b8232058ba51", "title": "BIXI Montréal — Who we are (operator)", "url": "https://bixi.com/en/who-we-are/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bixi.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d9275db63500449b", "clm-c2a34bd74dc05dde" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator's own statement of legal form: 'BIXI Montréal is a non-profit organization created in 2014 by the city of Montréal to manage its bike-sharing system.' Same page: 'more than 13,000 bikes (including 3,500 electric BIXIs) and more than 1 000 stations'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-249c8de51366b8a2", "title": "Ville de Montréal open data — BIXI Historique des déplacements", "url": "https://donnees.montreal.ca/dataset/bixi-historique-des-deplacements", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "donnees.montreal.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-5be34356b98def8d", "clm-6191a8d787ca4402" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The ownership finding, read directly on the page: 'Les droits de propriété intellectuelle et le droit d'auteur de cet ensemble de données sont détenus par BIXI Montréal' — the IP and copyright in the trip dataset are held by BIXI Montréal, the operator, not the city. Licence 'Creative Commons avec attribution', which permits commercial reuse with credit to BIXI Montréal. Coverage from 15 April 2014, updated monthly.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-ffcc67c2532296d4", "title": "Ville de Montréal open data — BIXI État des stations", "url": "https://donnees.montreal.ca/dataset/bixi-etat-des-stations", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "donnees.montreal.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-5be34356b98def8d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Real-time GBFS station feed on the city portal, publishing organisation listed as BIXI Montréal, carrying the identical IP notice: 'la paternité des données doit être attribuée à BIXI Montréal'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-22acc790b7257916", "title": "Open Government Canada — grant record, station electrification", "url": "https://rechercher.ouvert.canada.ca/grants/record/infc%2C278-2025-2026-Q3-00024%2Ccurrent", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "rechercher.ouvert.canada.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-b52f1d17faead8fd", "clm-6191a8d787ca4402" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Recipient is 'Ville de Montréal', not BIXI: CAD 5,164,674 from the Fonds pour le transport en commun du Canada, 13 November 2025 to 31 March 2027, to electrify bike-share stations and acquire new equipment. Evidence that the capital assets sit with the city.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-b21ca82f859bcc74", "title": "BIXI Montréal — Pricing (operator, read 2026-07-26)", "url": "https://bixi.com/en/pricing/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bixi.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-72be307a728f7156", "clm-4f4025869f1d2f7e" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Posted rates: one-way CAD 1.60 unlocking fee plus 21 cents/min regular or 36 cents/min electric; monthly CAD 24 per 30 days; seasonal CAD 115 for 15 April to 15 November with 0-45 min included on regular bikes then 19 cents/min, and electric bikes at 19 cents/min for members with no included minutes. Only discount listed is 10 per cent for groups of 20 or more; no income-eligible fare is posted.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-640f2f75fbc9a286", "title": "BIXI Montréal — Year-round service (operator)", "url": "https://bixi.com/en/bixi-year-round/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bixi.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-c1901dbdfa0e1095", "clm-73643b23461bae73" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "'Following the results of 2023's pilot project' the winter service became permanent from 2024-25: 234 stations and 2,300 regular BIXIs with studded tires and non-slip pedals, 16 November 2025 to 14 April 2026, 24/7, across 10 Montreal boroughs plus Westmount and Montréal-Est. In the 2023-24 pilot '93,000 people used BIXI to make nearly one million trips'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-174f37e2404a5a0e", "title": "CNW/Newswire — BIXI hits 100 million trips since its launch (2025)", "url": "https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/bixi-hits-100-million-trips-since-its-launch-866108187.html", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "newswire.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-c1901dbdfa0e1095", "clm-0b676f8c5f7dfc43", "clm-c2a34bd74dc05dde" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator release: 100 million trips since 2009, the 50 millionth having come only in 2022; July 2025 an all-time record at 2,340,000 trips; 98,618 trips on 11 June 2025; 12,600 bikes including 3,200 electric at close to 1,000 stations in 13 Quebec cities; Sherbrooke, Saint-Lambert, Saint-Eustache and Deux-Montagnes joined in 2025.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-75ca255a5fa46f93", "title": "Lyft Urban Solutions — Montreal bike share (supplier)", "url": "https://www.lyfturbansolutions.com/cities/montreal-bike-share", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "lyfturbansolutions.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-14adb81f952fcee7" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Supplier page: 'Initially launched in 2009, BIXI's fleet comprised 3,000 ICONIC bikes and 300 stations'; e-bikes introduced in 2019 after a pilot; 11.7 million trips in 2023; 'The infrastructure is managed and maintained by BIXI.' The page markets 'Solar Stations' as a product line but does not state that Montreal's current stations are solar-powered, so that claim is not made here.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-3db4483e9c747e20", "title": "CBC — Bixi goes bust in Montreal, files for bankruptcy protection (Jan 2014)", "url": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bixi-owes-50m-files-for-bankruptcy-protection-1.2503974", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "cbc.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d9275db63500449b" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Public Bike System Company (Société de vélos en libre-service) filed for bankruptcy protection owing about CAD 50M, including money to the City of Montreal; in 2011 council had approved a CAD 108M package, a CAD 37M loan to cover the deficit plus CAD 71M in loan guarantees for the export business. Site returned 403 to automated fetch; outlet, article and figures confirmed by search.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-b347a94084483a17", "title": "CBC — Bixi saved for the summer (2014)", "url": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bixi-saved-for-the-summer-1.2543958", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "cbc.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d9275db63500449b" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "In February 2014 Montreal bought the local assets for CAD 11.9M and set up Bixi Montreal, 'a new not-for-profit organization set up to manage the local operation', with a CAD 460,000 short-term loan and a CAD 165,000 grant to get the 2014 season running. Site returned 403 to automated fetch; confirmed by search.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-09ea3cd25fab8434", "title": "CBC — Quebec businessman buys Bixi's international operations for CAD 4M", "url": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bruno-rodi-buys-bixi-s-international-operations-for-4m-1.2606547", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "cbc.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The export arm was severed from the Montreal system in April 2014 and sold to Bruno Rodi for CAD 4M; it was later acquired by Lyft in 2022 and trades as Lyft Urban Solutions. Site returned 403 to automated fetch; confirmed by search.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-82701031839f2cf7", "title": "Global News — Bixi program to lose millions, auditor general says (June 2011)", "url": "https://globalnews.ca/news/124002/bixi-program-to-lose-millions-for-montrealers-auditor-general-says", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "globalnews.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Auditor general Jacques Bergeron, report tabled 20 June 2011: the city and the company had 'no business plan, no serious feasibility studies, no clear financing structure' and no legal authority to launch in May 2009 — 'it's not unreasonable to conclude that the city therefore exceeded its powers'. Accumulated deficit CAD 6.3M, CAD 3M lost overpaying for non-functional pay stations, CAD 1.3M in excess interest on city loans.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-373ae5c9917c13bc", "title": "Le Devoir — Martinez Ferrada administration halves BIXI financing (2026)", "url": "https://www.ledevoir.com/actualites/transports-urbanisme/947499/coup-frein-developpement-reseau-cyclable-montreal", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "ledevoir.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operating funding maintained but the development investment forecast cut by half: CAD 5.5M a year from 2026 to 2028 against the CAD 10.5M to 14M booked by the previous administration. The network is still due to reach 19 municipalities, more than 1,100 stations and about 13,000 bikes with 25 per cent electric by the end of 2026. Site returned 403 to automated fetch; figures confirmed by search across this article and Le Devoir 952422 on the cyclists' protest.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-0d54238e5d69c4d8", "title": "La Presse — BIXI raises fares after another record year (27 Feb 2024)", "url": "https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/grand-montreal/2024-02-27/bixi-montreal/les-tarifs-en-hausse-apres-une-nouvelle-annee-record.php", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "lapresse.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-72be307a728f7156" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2024-02-27", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The annual escalation the operator announces itself: seasonal pass from CAD 99 to CAD 107 for 2024, e-bike member rate from 13 to 17 cents a minute; Le Devoir (826443) reports the next step to CAD 112 and 18 cents from 20 January 2025. Today's posted figures are CAD 115 and 19 cents.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-8d8dd32480974213", "title": "PBSC Urban Solutions / Lyft Urban Solutions — corporate history", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBSC_Urban_Solutions", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "en.wikipedia.org", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-14adb81f952fcee7", "clm-4e140630669ce21c" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The only consolidated list of export customers reached: systems supplied to London, Toronto, New York, Boston, Washington, Melbourne and Minneapolis; stations described as modular, needing 'no excavation beforehand' and installable in about half an hour. Low-authority source used only for the export list; the Toronto leg is independently confirmed by the atlas's own Toronto entry, where PBSC's 2014 bankruptcy left the city owed most of a CAD 4.5M loan.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 12, "claimsMapped": 12, "sourcesTotal": 15, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 12, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 1, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } }, { "id": "2026-08-21-source-dates", "createdAt": "2026-08-22T02:26:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-07-26", "changeType": "update", "summary": "Record the publication date of each source that states one; a source that publishes no date is marked null, and one that shows only a revision carries `updated` instead.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint", "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record." }, { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/sources", "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:0808ffd6ac2856e95c36ae39b1d8cc11bc1ca1113504200b745d09876ecbae39", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-07-26", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:6340803a79d7ed57472c012948455194da8746b48a857ffa7c5e42ec07ee9d45", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "live", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "official", "timeline": { "started": 2009, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": "BIXI Montréal (non-profit); assets owned by the Ville de Montréal", "actorTypes": [ "civil-society" ], "fundingModel": "public", "fundingDescription": "Ville de Montréal owns the assets and funds expansion, user fees cover operations; CAD 5.16M federal Canada Public Transit Fund contribution for station electrification 2025-2027", "cost": "CAD 108M 2011 bailout (CAD 37M loan plus CAD 71M in guarantees); CAD 11.9M paid for the local assets in 2014; CAD 5.5M/yr city development envelope 2026-2028", "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-14adb81f952fcee7", "field": "snippet", "text": "BIXI launched in May 2009 with 3,000 bikes and 300 modular stations that needed no excavation and came out again for the winter", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-75ca255a5fa46f93", "src-8d8dd32480974213" ], "supportNote": "The supplier states 'Initially launched in 2009, BIXI's fleet comprised 3,000 ICONIC bikes and 300 stations', and the corporate history describes the stations as modular, needing 'no excavation beforehand' and installable in about half an hour.", "caveat": "Both are supplier sources. The corporate history is low-authority and is used only for the physical description and the export list.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4e140630669ce21c", "field": "snippet", "text": "the Montreal-built equipment was then sold to London, Toronto, New York, Boston and Washington", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-8d8dd32480974213" ], "supportNote": "The only consolidated list of export customers reached names systems supplied to London, Toronto, New York, Boston, Washington, Melbourne and Minneapolis.", "caveat": "Low-authority source, used only for the export list. The Toronto leg is independently corroborated by the atlas's own Toronto entry, where the supplier's 2014 bankruptcy left the city owed most of a CAD 4.5M loan.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-d9275db63500449b", "field": "snippet", "text": "Its maker went bankrupt in January 2014 owing about CAD 50M; the city bought the local assets for CAD 11.9M and created BIXI Montréal, a non-profit, to run them", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-3db4483e9c747e20", "src-b347a94084483a17", "src-8560b8232058ba51" ], "supportNote": "The Public Bike System Company filed for bankruptcy protection owing about CAD 50M, including money to the City of Montreal. In February 2014 the city bought the local assets for CAD 11.9M and set up 'a new not-for-profit organization set up to manage the local operation'. The operator's own page confirms the legal form: 'BIXI Montréal is a non-profit organization created in 2014 by the city of Montréal to manage its bike-sharing system.'", "caveat": "Both CBC pages returned an error to automated fetching; outlet, article and figures were confirmed through search.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-b52f1d17faead8fd", "field": "snippet", "text": "a CAD 5.16M federal contribution for electrifying stations in 2025 went to the Ville de Montréal, not to BIXI", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-22acc790b7257916" ], "supportNote": "The grant record names the recipient as 'Ville de Montréal', not BIXI: CAD 5,164,674 from the Fonds pour le transport en commun du Canada, 13 November 2025 to 31 March 2027, to electrify bike-share stations and acquire new equipment.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-5be34356b98def8d", "field": "snippet", "text": "the copyright in the published trip history is claimed by the operator, not the city", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-249c8de51366b8a2", "src-ffcc67c2532296d4" ], "supportNote": "Read directly on the city's own portal page: 'Les droits de propriété intellectuelle et le droit d'auteur de cet ensemble de données sont détenus par BIXI Montréal' — the IP and copyright in the trip dataset are held by the operator. The real-time station feed on the same portal carries the identical notice.", "caveat": "The licence is 'Creative Commons avec attribution', which permits commercial reuse with credit to BIXI Montréal. The finding is about who holds the right, not about whether reuse is allowed.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-c1901dbdfa0e1095", "field": "snippet", "text": "The network carried 14.5 million trips in 2025 across 13 municipalities and now runs through the winter", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-174f37e2404a5a0e", "src-640f2f75fbc9a286" ], "supportNote": "The operator release records the 2025 network at 12,600 bikes including 3,200 electric, at close to 1,000 stations in 13 Quebec cities, with Sherbrooke, Saint-Lambert, Saint-Eustache and Deux-Montagnes joining in 2025. Winter service became permanent from 2024-25 'following the results of 2023's pilot project'.", "caveat": "Operator figures, not independently audited.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-0b676f8c5f7dfc43", "field": "impact", "text": "14.5 million trips in 2025, roughly 9 per cent above 2024, and the 100 millionth trip since 2009 (BIXI figures)", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-174f37e2404a5a0e" ], "supportNote": "The operator release records 100 million trips since 2009 — the 50 millionth having come only in 2022 — an all-time monthly record of 2,340,000 trips in July 2025 and 98,618 trips on 11 June 2025.", "caveat": "Operator self-report, labelled as such in the entry. No independent audit of ridership was found.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-c2a34bd74dc05dde", "field": "impact", "text": "The 2025 network was 12,600 bikes, 3,200 of them electric, at close to 1,000 stations in 13 municipalities", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-174f37e2404a5a0e", "src-8560b8232058ba51" ], "supportNote": "The release gives 12,600 bikes including 3,200 electric at close to 1,000 stations in 13 Quebec cities. The operator's own page states 'more than 13,000 bikes (including 3,500 electric BIXIs) and more than 1 000 stations', a later and larger figure.", "caveat": "The two operator sources disagree slightly because they were published at different points in the season; the entry uses the dated release rather than the undated page.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-73643b23461bae73", "field": "impact", "text": "winter service, permanent since 2024-25 after a pilot in which 93,000 people made nearly a million trips, keeps 234 stations and 2,300 studded-tyre bikes running from 16 November to 14 April", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-640f2f75fbc9a286" ], "supportNote": "The operator states that in the 2023-24 pilot '93,000 people used BIXI to make nearly one million trips', and that the permanent service runs 234 stations and 2,300 regular BIXIs with studded tires and non-slip pedals, 16 November 2025 to 14 April 2026, around the clock, across ten Montreal boroughs plus Westmount and Montréal-Est.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-6191a8d787ca4402", "field": "lesson", "text": "Montreal owns and electrifies the stations, yet the trip history on the city's own open data portal states that the intellectual property and copyright are held by BIXI Montréal", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-22acc790b7257916", "src-249c8de51366b8a2" ], "supportNote": "The federal electrification grant names the Ville de Montréal as recipient, so the capital assets sit with the city; the same city's portal states that the IP and copyright in the trip dataset are held by BIXI Montréal.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-72be307a728f7156", "field": "lesson", "text": "BIXI announces its own January increases, and the seasonal pass has gone from CAD 99 in 2023 to CAD 115 in 2026 while members get no free minutes at all on e-bikes: a 45-minute electric trip costs CAD 8.55, computed from Montreal's own posted rate of 19 cents a minute", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-0d54238e5d69c4d8", "src-b21ca82f859bcc74" ], "supportNote": "La Presse records the annual escalation the operator announces itself — seasonal pass from CAD 99 to CAD 107 for 2024 and the e-bike member rate from 13 to 17 cents a minute, with a further step to CAD 112 and 18 cents from 20 January 2025. The posted price list read on 26 July 2026 gives CAD 115 for the seasonal pass, 0-45 minutes included on regular bikes and electric bikes at 19 cents a minute for members with no included minutes.", "caveat": "The CAD 8.55 figure is arithmetic on the operator's own posted rate, not a price the operator prints; the entry says so.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4f4025869f1d2f7e", "field": "lesson", "text": "The posted price list carries no income-eligible fare, only a 10 per cent group rate", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-b21ca82f859bcc74" ], "supportNote": "The only discount listed on the posted rates is 10 per cent for groups of twenty or more; no income-eligible fare appears.", "caveat": "A negative reading of a price page on one date. It would change the moment the operator adds such a fare.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-8560b8232058ba51", "title": "BIXI Montréal — Who we are (operator)", "url": "https://bixi.com/en/who-we-are/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bixi.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d9275db63500449b", "clm-c2a34bd74dc05dde" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator's own statement of legal form: 'BIXI Montréal is a non-profit organization created in 2014 by the city of Montréal to manage its bike-sharing system.' Same page: 'more than 13,000 bikes (including 3,500 electric BIXIs) and more than 1 000 stations'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-249c8de51366b8a2", "title": "Ville de Montréal open data — BIXI Historique des déplacements", "url": "https://donnees.montreal.ca/dataset/bixi-historique-des-deplacements", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "donnees.montreal.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-5be34356b98def8d", "clm-6191a8d787ca4402" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The ownership finding, read directly on the page: 'Les droits de propriété intellectuelle et le droit d'auteur de cet ensemble de données sont détenus par BIXI Montréal' — the IP and copyright in the trip dataset are held by BIXI Montréal, the operator, not the city. Licence 'Creative Commons avec attribution', which permits commercial reuse with credit to BIXI Montréal. Coverage from 15 April 2014, updated monthly.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-ffcc67c2532296d4", "title": "Ville de Montréal open data — BIXI État des stations", "url": "https://donnees.montreal.ca/dataset/bixi-etat-des-stations", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "donnees.montreal.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-5be34356b98def8d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Real-time GBFS station feed on the city portal, publishing organisation listed as BIXI Montréal, carrying the identical IP notice: 'la paternité des données doit être attribuée à BIXI Montréal'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-22acc790b7257916", "title": "Open Government Canada — grant record, station electrification", "url": "https://rechercher.ouvert.canada.ca/grants/record/infc%2C278-2025-2026-Q3-00024%2Ccurrent", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "rechercher.ouvert.canada.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-b52f1d17faead8fd", "clm-6191a8d787ca4402" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Recipient is 'Ville de Montréal', not BIXI: CAD 5,164,674 from the Fonds pour le transport en commun du Canada, 13 November 2025 to 31 March 2027, to electrify bike-share stations and acquire new equipment. Evidence that the capital assets sit with the city.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-b21ca82f859bcc74", "title": "BIXI Montréal — Pricing (operator, read 2026-07-26)", "url": "https://bixi.com/en/pricing/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bixi.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-72be307a728f7156", "clm-4f4025869f1d2f7e" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Posted rates: one-way CAD 1.60 unlocking fee plus 21 cents/min regular or 36 cents/min electric; monthly CAD 24 per 30 days; seasonal CAD 115 for 15 April to 15 November with 0-45 min included on regular bikes then 19 cents/min, and electric bikes at 19 cents/min for members with no included minutes. Only discount listed is 10 per cent for groups of 20 or more; no income-eligible fare is posted.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-640f2f75fbc9a286", "title": "BIXI Montréal — Year-round service (operator)", "url": "https://bixi.com/en/bixi-year-round/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bixi.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-c1901dbdfa0e1095", "clm-73643b23461bae73" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "'Following the results of 2023's pilot project' the winter service became permanent from 2024-25: 234 stations and 2,300 regular BIXIs with studded tires and non-slip pedals, 16 November 2025 to 14 April 2026, 24/7, across 10 Montreal boroughs plus Westmount and Montréal-Est. In the 2023-24 pilot '93,000 people used BIXI to make nearly one million trips'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-174f37e2404a5a0e", "title": "CNW/Newswire — BIXI hits 100 million trips since its launch (2025)", "url": "https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/bixi-hits-100-million-trips-since-its-launch-866108187.html", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "newswire.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-c1901dbdfa0e1095", "clm-0b676f8c5f7dfc43", "clm-c2a34bd74dc05dde" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2025-11-10", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operator release: 100 million trips since 2009, the 50 millionth having come only in 2022; July 2025 an all-time record at 2,340,000 trips; 98,618 trips on 11 June 2025; 12,600 bikes including 3,200 electric at close to 1,000 stations in 13 Quebec cities; Sherbrooke, Saint-Lambert, Saint-Eustache and Deux-Montagnes joined in 2025.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-75ca255a5fa46f93", "title": "Lyft Urban Solutions — Montreal bike share (supplier)", "url": "https://www.lyfturbansolutions.com/cities/montreal-bike-share", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "lyfturbansolutions.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-14adb81f952fcee7" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Supplier page: 'Initially launched in 2009, BIXI's fleet comprised 3,000 ICONIC bikes and 300 stations'; e-bikes introduced in 2019 after a pilot; 11.7 million trips in 2023; 'The infrastructure is managed and maintained by BIXI.' The page markets 'Solar Stations' as a product line but does not state that Montreal's current stations are solar-powered, so that claim is not made here.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-3db4483e9c747e20", "title": "CBC — Bixi goes bust in Montreal, files for bankruptcy protection (Jan 2014)", "url": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bixi-owes-50m-files-for-bankruptcy-protection-1.2503974", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "cbc.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d9275db63500449b" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2014-01-20", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Public Bike System Company (Société de vélos en libre-service) filed for bankruptcy protection owing about CAD 50M, including money to the City of Montreal; in 2011 council had approved a CAD 108M package, a CAD 37M loan to cover the deficit plus CAD 71M in loan guarantees for the export business. Site returned 403 to automated fetch; outlet, article and figures confirmed by search.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-b347a94084483a17", "title": "CBC — Bixi saved for the summer (2014)", "url": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bixi-saved-for-the-summer-1.2543958", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "cbc.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d9275db63500449b" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2014-02-19", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "In February 2014 Montreal bought the local assets for CAD 11.9M and set up Bixi Montreal, 'a new not-for-profit organization set up to manage the local operation', with a CAD 460,000 short-term loan and a CAD 165,000 grant to get the 2014 season running. Site returned 403 to automated fetch; confirmed by search.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-09ea3cd25fab8434", "title": "CBC — Quebec businessman buys Bixi's international operations for CAD 4M", "url": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/bruno-rodi-buys-bixi-s-international-operations-for-4m-1.2606547", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "cbc.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2014-04-11", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The export arm was severed from the Montreal system in April 2014 and sold to Bruno Rodi for CAD 4M; it was later acquired by Lyft in 2022 and trades as Lyft Urban Solutions. Site returned 403 to automated fetch; confirmed by search.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-82701031839f2cf7", "title": "Global News — Bixi program to lose millions, auditor general says (June 2011)", "url": "https://globalnews.ca/news/124002/bixi-program-to-lose-millions-for-montrealers-auditor-general-says", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "globalnews.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2011-06-21", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Auditor general Jacques Bergeron, report tabled 20 June 2011: the city and the company had 'no business plan, no serious feasibility studies, no clear financing structure' and no legal authority to launch in May 2009 — 'it's not unreasonable to conclude that the city therefore exceeded its powers'. Accumulated deficit CAD 6.3M, CAD 3M lost overpaying for non-functional pay stations, CAD 1.3M in excess interest on city loans.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-373ae5c9917c13bc", "title": "Le Devoir — Martinez Ferrada administration halves BIXI financing (2026)", "url": "https://www.ledevoir.com/actualites/transports-urbanisme/947499/coup-frein-developpement-reseau-cyclable-montreal", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "ledevoir.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-01-12", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Operating funding maintained but the development investment forecast cut by half: CAD 5.5M a year from 2026 to 2028 against the CAD 10.5M to 14M booked by the previous administration. The network is still due to reach 19 municipalities, more than 1,100 stations and about 13,000 bikes with 25 per cent electric by the end of 2026. Site returned 403 to automated fetch; figures confirmed by search across this article and Le Devoir 952422 on the cyclists' protest.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-0d54238e5d69c4d8", "title": "La Presse — BIXI raises fares after another record year (27 Feb 2024)", "url": "https://www.lapresse.ca/actualites/grand-montreal/2024-02-27/bixi-montreal/les-tarifs-en-hausse-apres-une-nouvelle-annee-record.php", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "lapresse.ca", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-72be307a728f7156" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2024-02-27", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The annual escalation the operator announces itself: seasonal pass from CAD 99 to CAD 107 for 2024, e-bike member rate from 13 to 17 cents a minute; Le Devoir (826443) reports the next step to CAD 112 and 18 cents from 20 January 2025. Today's posted figures are CAD 115 and 19 cents.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-8d8dd32480974213", "title": "PBSC Urban Solutions / Lyft Urban Solutions — corporate history", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBSC_Urban_Solutions", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "en.wikipedia.org", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-14adb81f952fcee7", "clm-4e140630669ce21c" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The only consolidated list of export customers reached: systems supplied to London, Toronto, New York, Boston, Washington, Melbourne and Minneapolis; stations described as modular, needing 'no excavation beforehand' and installable in about half an hour. Low-authority source used only for the export list; the Toronto leg is independently confirmed by the atlas's own Toronto entry, where PBSC's 2014 bankruptcy left the city owed most of a CAD 4.5M loan.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 12, "claimsMapped": 12, "sourcesTotal": 15, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 12, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 7, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } } ] }