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Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.", "entity": { "type": "project", "id": "madrid-central-lez", "title": "Madrid Central / Madrid 360 Low-Emission Zone", "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/madrid-central-lez/" }, "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-26-claim-mapping", "revisions": [ { "id": "2026-08-20-source-dates", "createdAt": "2026-08-20T19:29:52Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-07-25", "changeType": "baseline", "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 1 claim and 4 source dossiers.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "add", "path": "/evidencePassport", "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers." }, { "operation": "add", "path": "/revisionHistory", "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:daee0fa7bb087989b1b98d947e583dc65c6aaf8a820e98ebc92ffa0265df94f1", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-07-25", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:244fb403a58aa6cd3dd9fb6c4eb48aae28a214e2bc3cbf1e0576d432f416a96a", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. 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(2021)", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1361920920308737", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sciencedirect.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-4adc98a6ebf1a3f2" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Independent peer-reviewed evaluation finding significant NO2 reductions at Plaza del Carmen and nearby stations, smaller effects further out.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 1, "claimsMapped": 1, "sourcesTotal": 4, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 1, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 3, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } }, { "id": "2026-08-26-claim-mapping", "createdAt": "2026-08-26T20:00:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-07-25", "changeType": "update", "summary": "Added a seven-claim evidence mapping and a sourced lesson; replaced a wholly qualitative impact with the measured NO2 record (22 of 24 stations down in 2019 against the 2010-2018 mean, Plaza del Carmen down 10 micrograms or 22 per cent and under the legal limit for the first time, 10 per cent citywide) and corrected the peer-reviewed source's journal, which is Transportation Research Part D, not Part A.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint", "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record." }, { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/claims", "summary": "Updated claims to the current sourced project record." }, { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/sources", "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:f5ebf2e660f317d2c419b0800fb949cb2f9d428586640ac48d506befa5cf2e19", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-07-25", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:2671ab02ce942dc8207bc2a074cc1fd8f78d31e169ea927245a1194c26ec2ad6", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "live", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "peer-reviewed", "timeline": { "started": 2018, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": "Ayuntamiento de Madrid", "actorTypes": [ "city-government" ], "fundingModel": "public", "fundingDescription": null, "cost": null, "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-0af39393a92eae2e", "field": "snippet", "text": "Launched as 'Madrid Central' in November 2018 under Mayor Carmena, this ANPR camera-enforced zone bars the most-polluting vehicles from the city centre", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-ee71c3d6522cae39" ], "supportNote": "The broadcaster reports the November 2018 launch and the vehicle restrictions it imposes on the city centre.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-65a7911319a0eb80", "field": "snippet", "text": "Mayor Almeida suspended it in 2019 (courts reinstated it within days), the Supreme Court annulled the original ordinance in 2021, and it relaunched as the citywide 'Madrid 360' ZBE", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-183650fe2bc00c21" ], "supportNote": "The trade report sets out the 2019 suspension, the court reinstatement, the 2021 Supreme Court annulment and the evolution into Madrid 360.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-053ecfc95f29fce7", "field": "snippet", "text": "After a 2024 court annulment on procedural grounds and a 2026 Supreme Court refusal, the council re-approved the rules in March 2026 and restrictions remain in force", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-4fe4cc0e278d5bcc", "src-183650fe2bc00c21" ], "supportNote": "The 2026 report gives the Supreme Court's refusal of the city's appeal and states that the restrictions stay in force under the new ordinance approved in March 2026; the earlier report covers the 2024 annulment the city set out to challenge.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-0ae2bd656ab63c71", "field": "impact", "text": "An environmental NGO's annual review of the city's own 24 monitoring stations found NO2 down at 22 of them in 2019 against the 2010-2018 average", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-a17cf392772fbe30" ], "supportNote": "The annual balance, based on the records of the 24 municipal monitoring stations, reports NO2 falling at 22 of the 24 when 2019 is compared with the 2010-2018 mean.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-925a0b27e2030a6a", "field": "impact", "text": "The largest fall — 10 µg/m³, or 22 per cent — was at Plaza del Carmen inside the zone, which at 36 µg/m³ came under the legal limit for the first time in its history; citywide the fall was 10 per cent", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-a17cf392772fbe30" ], "supportNote": "The same balance names Plaza del Carmen as the station with the largest reduction and gives the citywide figure.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-b7a2e76db10b84ee", "field": "impact", "text": "A peer-reviewed study of the same station attributes a significant NO2 reduction to the zone and finds smaller but still significant reductions at stations just outside it, which it reads as evidence that the pollution was not displaced outwards", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-5cda5422b44f6cd1" ], "supportNote": "The paper identifies the effect of the low-emission zone on NO2 at Plaza del Carmen and reports significant though smaller reductions at nearby stations, which it interprets as a positive spillover rather than a transfer of pollution.", "caveat": "Elsevier blocks automated retrieval of the full text; the findings are taken from the published abstract.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-0527afa06cee3c64", "field": "lesson", "text": "each annulment was about how the rules were adopted, not about whether they worked", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-183650fe2bc00c21", "src-4fe4cc0e278d5bcc" ], "supportNote": "The reporting describes the annulments as turning on the way the ordinances were adopted, with the city re-approving rules of the same substance afterwards.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-ee71c3d6522cae39", "title": "BBC News — Madrid bans old cars to reduce emissions", "url": "https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-46403397", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "bbc.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-0af39393a92eae2e" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2018-11-30", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Confirms the November 2018 launch of Madrid Central and the vehicle restrictions.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-183650fe2bc00c21", "title": "Cities Today — Madrid to challenge low-emissions zone ruling", "url": "https://cities-today.com/madrid-to-challenge-low-emissions-zone-ruling/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "cities-today.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-65a7911319a0eb80", "clm-053ecfc95f29fce7", "clm-0527afa06cee3c64" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2024-09-26", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Documents the 2019 suspension, court reinstatement, 2021 Supreme Court annulment and evolution into Madrid 360.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-4fe4cc0e278d5bcc", "title": "Motor.es — El Tribunal Supremo cierra la batalla legal de las ZBE de Madrid (2026)", "url": "https://www.motor.es/noticias/tribunal-supremo-batalla-legal-zbe-madrid-cambia-conductores-2026113764.html", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "motor.es", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-053ecfc95f29fce7", "clm-0527afa06cee3c64" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2026-04-22", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Current status: April 2026 Supreme Court refusal of the city's appeal; restrictions stay in force under the new March 2026 ordinance.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-5cda5422b44f6cd1", "title": "Bel & Rosell (2021), 'Were traffic restrictions in Madrid effective at reducing NO2 levels?' — Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 89:102689, peer-reviewed", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1361920920308737", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sciencedirect.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-b7a2e76db10b84ee" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Independent peer-reviewed evaluation finding significant NO2 reductions at Plaza del Carmen and nearby stations, smaller effects further out.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-a17cf392772fbe30", "title": "Ecologistas en Acción annual air-quality balance for Madrid, reported by Energías Renovables (9 Jan 2020)", "url": "https://www.energias-renovables.com/panorama/madrid-central-permitio-reducciones-historicas-en-2019-20200109", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "energias-renovables.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-0ae2bd656ab63c71", "clm-925a0b27e2030a6a" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2020-01-09", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "NGO analysis of the 24 municipal monitoring stations for 2019 against the 2010-2018 average: NO2 down at 22 of 24 stations; the largest fall of 10 µg/m3 (22 per cent) at Plaza del Carmen inside the zone, which at 36 µg/m3 fell below the legal limit for the first time in its history; a 10 per cent fall citywide.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 7, "claimsMapped": 7, "sourcesTotal": 5, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 5, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 4, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } } ] }