{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "hochiminh-bus-open-loop",
  "title": "Open-Loop Transit Payments & MultiPass",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/hochiminh-bus-open-loop/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-21-vendor-grade-correction",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-15-baseline",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-15T18:13:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-15",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 7 claims and 6 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:85a080838d3ab28744a2a173516e6ca8c76506d454604272eeebb4505f1f4bde",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-15",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:02241ade26929c02f7a1868a6af1654b0b156ce59c29e03435cfe46d435d1da2",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2025,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "HCMC Department of Transportation (public transport management), with Sacombank, Mastercard, Visa and NAPAS as payment partners",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "ppp",
     "fundingDescription": "City programme; payment infrastructure with bank and card-scheme partners",
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-9cedfa9d8a157ea6",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "relaunched public-transport e-ticketing in April 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports the Department of Transport's launch of the e-ticketing system and MultiPass in April 2025.",
      "caveat": "Partner materials give the launch date variously as 11 or 12 April 2025.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-5d6bbd452990939a",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "open-loop EMV system in which any contactless bank card, e-wallet or phone is the ticket",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Describes the Open-Loop system accepting credit cards, debit cards, EMV prepaid cards, e-wallets and smart devices.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-40768c25cf4cb8c4",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "more than 500 buses with a target of over 2,000 by the end of May 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "States the system was installed on more than 500 vehicles initially, with rollout expected to exceed 2,000 buses by the end of May.",
      "caveat": "The 2,000 figure was a target at launch; no follow-up audit of the completed count was found.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-af21a585cd58d635",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "domestic NAPAS cards from 28 member banks work on more than 600 vehicles across 30-plus routes",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-4fcc15524aafb058"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports contactless payment with cards from 28 NAPAS member banks on over 30 routes and more than 600 vehicles.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-380ac0fe9e260934",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "from 15 September 2025, four Line 1 stations dropped paper tickets",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-7c8a846080e2e758"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports the HURC1 pilot making City Theater, Ba Son, Van Thanh and Phuoc Long stations cashless from 15 September 2025.",
      "caveat": "A pilot at 4 of 14 stations; paper tickets remain at the other ten.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-513362521e5a0fd3",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "launched in March 2019 with VNG subsidiary Zion",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f6ec4fc129fbbaa6"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The contemporary report covers the Public Transport Management Center's UniPass launch with Zion.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-7bb35b0c6f0de828",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "stopped operating after 31 December 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-1aa6c69a8de2187b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Vietnamese Wikipedia article records UniPass's own announcement that service ended after 31 December 2024.",
      "caveat": "Rests on the operator's shutdown notice as documented on Wikipedia; no major-press report of the closure was found.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-735da8fdaca37f6c",
      "title": "VietnamPlus — HCM City launches e-ticketing and MultiPass card",
      "url": "https://en.vietnamplus.vn/hcm-city-launches-e-ticketing-and-multipass-card-for-public-transport-post313237.vnp",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.vietnamplus.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-9cedfa9d8a157ea6",
       "clm-5d6bbd452990939a",
       "clm-40768c25cf4cb8c4"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "State news agency on the April 2025 launch: open-loop payment options, MultiPass and MultiGO, 500+ buses at launch and the 2,000-bus target by end of May.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-4fcc15524aafb058",
      "title": "Nhân Dân — contactless payment with domestic ATM cards on the bus network",
      "url": "https://en.nhandan.vn/ho-chi-minh-city-launches-contactless-payment-with-domestic-atm-cards-on-bus-network-post152973.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.nhandan.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-af21a585cd58d635"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Carries the NAPAS acceptance figures: cards from 28 member banks on more than 30 routes and over 600 vehicles.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-7c8a846080e2e758",
      "title": "VnExpress — no more paper tickets at 4 metro stations",
      "url": "https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/traffic/no-more-paper-tickets-at-4-ho-chi-minh-city-metro-stations-as-cashless-push-begins-4939300.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "e.vnexpress.net",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-380ac0fe9e260934"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-09-15",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "15 September 2025 pilot: City Theater, Ba Son, Van Thanh and Phuoc Long stations go cashless; lists the eight accepted payment methods.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-f6ec4fc129fbbaa6",
      "title": "Tuổi Trẻ — city rolls out automatic bus payment card (11 Mar 2019)",
      "url": "https://tuoitre.vn/tphcm-trien-khai-the-thanh-toan-tu-dong-cho-xe-buyt-20190311083457763.htm",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "tuoitre.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-513362521e5a0fd3"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2019-03-11",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Contemporary report of the UniPass launch by the Public Transport Management Center with Zion (VNG).",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-1aa6c69a8de2187b",
      "title": "Wikipedia tiếng Việt — UniPass",
      "url": "https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/UniPass",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vi.wikipedia.org",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-7bb35b0c6f0de828"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Documents, citing UniPass's own announcement, that the service stopped operating after 31 December 2024. Used only for the shutdown date; no major-press obituary was found.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-58555dcf3581e262",
      "title": "Sacombank — bus passengers can now tap to pay with NAPAS card",
      "url": "https://www.sacombank.com.vn/en/home/news/sacombank-news/2025/Bus-passengers-in-HCMC-can-now-tap-to-pay-automatically-with-NAPAS-card.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "sacombank.com.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The bank partner's own account of the domestic-card rollout — a participant's statement, not independent reporting.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 7,
     "claimsMapped": 7,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 5,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 2,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-20-source-dates-b2",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-20T17:00:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-15",
   "changeType": "update",
   "summary": "Record the publication date of each source that states one; sources that publish no date are marked null.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/sources",
     "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:41ccc5179fc7c8a1f96d1a97e66ad2a68ffac906620c8500bc05e6e79841372c",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-15",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:49cca3df5815136f4e41ac23917adf0e45ef3d9aac6207002ff16b630f994619",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2025,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "HCMC Department of Transportation (public transport management), with Sacombank, Mastercard, Visa and NAPAS as payment partners",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "ppp",
     "fundingDescription": "City programme; payment infrastructure with bank and card-scheme partners",
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-9cedfa9d8a157ea6",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "relaunched public-transport e-ticketing in April 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports the Department of Transport's launch of the e-ticketing system and MultiPass in April 2025.",
      "caveat": "Partner materials give the launch date variously as 11 or 12 April 2025.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-5d6bbd452990939a",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "open-loop EMV system in which any contactless bank card, e-wallet or phone is the ticket",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Describes the Open-Loop system accepting credit cards, debit cards, EMV prepaid cards, e-wallets and smart devices.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-40768c25cf4cb8c4",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "more than 500 buses with a target of over 2,000 by the end of May 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "States the system was installed on more than 500 vehicles initially, with rollout expected to exceed 2,000 buses by the end of May.",
      "caveat": "The 2,000 figure was a target at launch; no follow-up audit of the completed count was found.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-af21a585cd58d635",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "domestic NAPAS cards from 28 member banks work on more than 600 vehicles across 30-plus routes",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-4fcc15524aafb058"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports contactless payment with cards from 28 NAPAS member banks on over 30 routes and more than 600 vehicles.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-380ac0fe9e260934",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "from 15 September 2025, four Line 1 stations dropped paper tickets",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-7c8a846080e2e758"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports the HURC1 pilot making City Theater, Ba Son, Van Thanh and Phuoc Long stations cashless from 15 September 2025.",
      "caveat": "A pilot at 4 of 14 stations; paper tickets remain at the other ten.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-513362521e5a0fd3",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "launched in March 2019 with VNG subsidiary Zion",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f6ec4fc129fbbaa6"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The contemporary report covers the Public Transport Management Center's UniPass launch with Zion.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-7bb35b0c6f0de828",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "stopped operating after 31 December 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-1aa6c69a8de2187b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Vietnamese Wikipedia article records UniPass's own announcement that service ended after 31 December 2024.",
      "caveat": "Rests on the operator's shutdown notice as documented on Wikipedia; no major-press report of the closure was found.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-735da8fdaca37f6c",
      "title": "VietnamPlus — HCM City launches e-ticketing and MultiPass card",
      "url": "https://en.vietnamplus.vn/hcm-city-launches-e-ticketing-and-multipass-card-for-public-transport-post313237.vnp",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.vietnamplus.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-9cedfa9d8a157ea6",
       "clm-5d6bbd452990939a",
       "clm-40768c25cf4cb8c4"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "State news agency on the April 2025 launch: open-loop payment options, MultiPass and MultiGO, 500+ buses at launch and the 2,000-bus target by end of May.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-4fcc15524aafb058",
      "title": "Nhân Dân — contactless payment with domestic ATM cards on the bus network",
      "url": "https://en.nhandan.vn/ho-chi-minh-city-launches-contactless-payment-with-domestic-atm-cards-on-bus-network-post152973.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.nhandan.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-af21a585cd58d635"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Carries the NAPAS acceptance figures: cards from 28 member banks on more than 30 routes and over 600 vehicles.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-7c8a846080e2e758",
      "title": "VnExpress — no more paper tickets at 4 metro stations",
      "url": "https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/traffic/no-more-paper-tickets-at-4-ho-chi-minh-city-metro-stations-as-cashless-push-begins-4939300.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "e.vnexpress.net",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-380ac0fe9e260934"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-09-15",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "15 September 2025 pilot: City Theater, Ba Son, Van Thanh and Phuoc Long stations go cashless; lists the eight accepted payment methods.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-f6ec4fc129fbbaa6",
      "title": "Tuổi Trẻ — city rolls out automatic bus payment card (11 Mar 2019)",
      "url": "https://tuoitre.vn/tphcm-trien-khai-the-thanh-toan-tu-dong-cho-xe-buyt-20190311083457763.htm",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "tuoitre.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-513362521e5a0fd3"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2019-03-11",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Contemporary report of the UniPass launch by the Public Transport Management Center with Zion (VNG).",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-1aa6c69a8de2187b",
      "title": "Wikipedia tiếng Việt — UniPass",
      "url": "https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/UniPass",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vi.wikipedia.org",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-7bb35b0c6f0de828"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2020-02-10",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Documents, citing UniPass's own announcement, that the service stopped operating after 31 December 2024. Used only for the shutdown date; no major-press obituary was found.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-58555dcf3581e262",
      "title": "Sacombank — bus passengers can now tap to pay with NAPAS card",
      "url": "https://www.sacombank.com.vn/en/home/news/sacombank-news/2025/Bus-passengers-in-HCMC-can-now-tap-to-pay-automatically-with-NAPAS-card.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "sacombank.com.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The bank partner's own account of the domestic-card rollout — a participant's statement, not independent reporting.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 7,
     "claimsMapped": 7,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 5,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 3,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-20-source-dates-r2",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-21T09:00:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-15",
   "changeType": "update",
   "summary": "Record the publication date of each source that states one; sources that publish no date are marked null.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/sources",
     "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:2343fa7a280cf6985019c98cc244c284e26de79f544d6864729d1e2d079b763d",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-15",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:539b35cc2206a18ce825c068885021a394df7a17c2bcb6a0575582824ea3a132",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2025,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "HCMC Department of Transportation (public transport management), with Sacombank, Mastercard, Visa and NAPAS as payment partners",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "ppp",
     "fundingDescription": "City programme; payment infrastructure with bank and card-scheme partners",
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-9cedfa9d8a157ea6",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "relaunched public-transport e-ticketing in April 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports the Department of Transport's launch of the e-ticketing system and MultiPass in April 2025.",
      "caveat": "Partner materials give the launch date variously as 11 or 12 April 2025.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-5d6bbd452990939a",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "open-loop EMV system in which any contactless bank card, e-wallet or phone is the ticket",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Describes the Open-Loop system accepting credit cards, debit cards, EMV prepaid cards, e-wallets and smart devices.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-40768c25cf4cb8c4",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "more than 500 buses with a target of over 2,000 by the end of May 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "States the system was installed on more than 500 vehicles initially, with rollout expected to exceed 2,000 buses by the end of May.",
      "caveat": "The 2,000 figure was a target at launch; no follow-up audit of the completed count was found.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-af21a585cd58d635",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "domestic NAPAS cards from 28 member banks work on more than 600 vehicles across 30-plus routes",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-4fcc15524aafb058"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports contactless payment with cards from 28 NAPAS member banks on over 30 routes and more than 600 vehicles.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-380ac0fe9e260934",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "from 15 September 2025, four Line 1 stations dropped paper tickets",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-7c8a846080e2e758"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports the HURC1 pilot making City Theater, Ba Son, Van Thanh and Phuoc Long stations cashless from 15 September 2025.",
      "caveat": "A pilot at 4 of 14 stations; paper tickets remain at the other ten.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-513362521e5a0fd3",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "launched in March 2019 with VNG subsidiary Zion",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f6ec4fc129fbbaa6"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The contemporary report covers the Public Transport Management Center's UniPass launch with Zion.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-7bb35b0c6f0de828",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "stopped operating after 31 December 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-1aa6c69a8de2187b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Vietnamese Wikipedia article records UniPass's own announcement that service ended after 31 December 2024.",
      "caveat": "Rests on the operator's shutdown notice as documented on Wikipedia; no major-press report of the closure was found.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-735da8fdaca37f6c",
      "title": "VietnamPlus — HCM City launches e-ticketing and MultiPass card",
      "url": "https://en.vietnamplus.vn/hcm-city-launches-e-ticketing-and-multipass-card-for-public-transport-post313237.vnp",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.vietnamplus.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-9cedfa9d8a157ea6",
       "clm-5d6bbd452990939a",
       "clm-40768c25cf4cb8c4"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "State news agency on the April 2025 launch: open-loop payment options, MultiPass and MultiGO, 500+ buses at launch and the 2,000-bus target by end of May.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-4fcc15524aafb058",
      "title": "Nhân Dân — contactless payment with domestic ATM cards on the bus network",
      "url": "https://en.nhandan.vn/ho-chi-minh-city-launches-contactless-payment-with-domestic-atm-cards-on-bus-network-post152973.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.nhandan.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-af21a585cd58d635"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Carries the NAPAS acceptance figures: cards from 28 member banks on more than 30 routes and over 600 vehicles.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-7c8a846080e2e758",
      "title": "VnExpress — no more paper tickets at 4 metro stations",
      "url": "https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/traffic/no-more-paper-tickets-at-4-ho-chi-minh-city-metro-stations-as-cashless-push-begins-4939300.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "e.vnexpress.net",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-380ac0fe9e260934"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-09-15",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "15 September 2025 pilot: City Theater, Ba Son, Van Thanh and Phuoc Long stations go cashless; lists the eight accepted payment methods.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-f6ec4fc129fbbaa6",
      "title": "Tuổi Trẻ — city rolls out automatic bus payment card (11 Mar 2019)",
      "url": "https://tuoitre.vn/tphcm-trien-khai-the-thanh-toan-tu-dong-cho-xe-buyt-20190311083457763.htm",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "tuoitre.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-513362521e5a0fd3"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2019-03-11",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Contemporary report of the UniPass launch by the Public Transport Management Center with Zion (VNG).",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-1aa6c69a8de2187b",
      "title": "Wikipedia tiếng Việt — UniPass",
      "url": "https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/UniPass",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vi.wikipedia.org",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-7bb35b0c6f0de828"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2020-02-10",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Documents, citing UniPass's own announcement, that the service stopped operating after 31 December 2024. Used only for the shutdown date; no major-press obituary was found.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-58555dcf3581e262",
      "title": "Sacombank — bus passengers can now tap to pay with NAPAS card",
      "url": "https://www.sacombank.com.vn/en/home/news/sacombank-news/2025/Bus-passengers-in-HCMC-can-now-tap-to-pay-automatically-with-NAPAS-card.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "sacombank.com.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-09-16",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The bank partner's own account of the domestic-card rollout — a participant's statement, not independent reporting.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 7,
     "claimsMapped": 7,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 5,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 4,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-21-vendor-grade-correction",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-21T23:01:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-15",
   "changeType": "reclassification",
   "summary": "Evidence grade lowered from official to media: the entry cites no source published by the organisation that operates the system — its strongest source is a supplier or the press. Supplier material is not operator self-reporting.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectState",
     "summary": "Updated projectState to the current sourced project record."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:1a16a8dbc53a57d3f7ac85017cd3fadad6d541cca1d5c9fd72799d043e1f63c5",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-15",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:6f1be49fa7d109656faadd2f25f556694861237c23fb3cf916f9c6f72cea9c6d",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "media",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2025,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "HCMC Department of Transportation (public transport management), with Sacombank, Mastercard, Visa and NAPAS as payment partners",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "ppp",
     "fundingDescription": "City programme; payment infrastructure with bank and card-scheme partners",
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-9cedfa9d8a157ea6",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "relaunched public-transport e-ticketing in April 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports the Department of Transport's launch of the e-ticketing system and MultiPass in April 2025.",
      "caveat": "Partner materials give the launch date variously as 11 or 12 April 2025.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-5d6bbd452990939a",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "open-loop EMV system in which any contactless bank card, e-wallet or phone is the ticket",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Describes the Open-Loop system accepting credit cards, debit cards, EMV prepaid cards, e-wallets and smart devices.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-40768c25cf4cb8c4",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "more than 500 buses with a target of over 2,000 by the end of May 2025",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-735da8fdaca37f6c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "States the system was installed on more than 500 vehicles initially, with rollout expected to exceed 2,000 buses by the end of May.",
      "caveat": "The 2,000 figure was a target at launch; no follow-up audit of the completed count was found.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-af21a585cd58d635",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "domestic NAPAS cards from 28 member banks work on more than 600 vehicles across 30-plus routes",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-4fcc15524aafb058"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports contactless payment with cards from 28 NAPAS member banks on over 30 routes and more than 600 vehicles.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-380ac0fe9e260934",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "from 15 September 2025, four Line 1 stations dropped paper tickets",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-7c8a846080e2e758"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Reports the HURC1 pilot making City Theater, Ba Son, Van Thanh and Phuoc Long stations cashless from 15 September 2025.",
      "caveat": "A pilot at 4 of 14 stations; paper tickets remain at the other ten.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-513362521e5a0fd3",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "launched in March 2019 with VNG subsidiary Zion",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-f6ec4fc129fbbaa6"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The contemporary report covers the Public Transport Management Center's UniPass launch with Zion.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-7bb35b0c6f0de828",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "stopped operating after 31 December 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-1aa6c69a8de2187b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Vietnamese Wikipedia article records UniPass's own announcement that service ended after 31 December 2024.",
      "caveat": "Rests on the operator's shutdown notice as documented on Wikipedia; no major-press report of the closure was found.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-735da8fdaca37f6c",
      "title": "VietnamPlus — HCM City launches e-ticketing and MultiPass card",
      "url": "https://en.vietnamplus.vn/hcm-city-launches-e-ticketing-and-multipass-card-for-public-transport-post313237.vnp",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.vietnamplus.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-9cedfa9d8a157ea6",
       "clm-5d6bbd452990939a",
       "clm-40768c25cf4cb8c4"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "State news agency on the April 2025 launch: open-loop payment options, MultiPass and MultiGO, 500+ buses at launch and the 2,000-bus target by end of May.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-4fcc15524aafb058",
      "title": "Nhân Dân — contactless payment with domestic ATM cards on the bus network",
      "url": "https://en.nhandan.vn/ho-chi-minh-city-launches-contactless-payment-with-domestic-atm-cards-on-bus-network-post152973.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.nhandan.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-af21a585cd58d635"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Carries the NAPAS acceptance figures: cards from 28 member banks on more than 30 routes and over 600 vehicles.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-7c8a846080e2e758",
      "title": "VnExpress — no more paper tickets at 4 metro stations",
      "url": "https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/traffic/no-more-paper-tickets-at-4-ho-chi-minh-city-metro-stations-as-cashless-push-begins-4939300.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "e.vnexpress.net",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-380ac0fe9e260934"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-09-15",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "15 September 2025 pilot: City Theater, Ba Son, Van Thanh and Phuoc Long stations go cashless; lists the eight accepted payment methods.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-f6ec4fc129fbbaa6",
      "title": "Tuổi Trẻ — city rolls out automatic bus payment card (11 Mar 2019)",
      "url": "https://tuoitre.vn/tphcm-trien-khai-the-thanh-toan-tu-dong-cho-xe-buyt-20190311083457763.htm",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "tuoitre.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-513362521e5a0fd3"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2019-03-11",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Contemporary report of the UniPass launch by the Public Transport Management Center with Zion (VNG).",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-1aa6c69a8de2187b",
      "title": "Wikipedia tiếng Việt — UniPass",
      "url": "https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/UniPass",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vi.wikipedia.org",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-7bb35b0c6f0de828"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2020-02-10",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Documents, citing UniPass's own announcement, that the service stopped operating after 31 December 2024. Used only for the shutdown date; no major-press obituary was found.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-58555dcf3581e262",
      "title": "Sacombank — bus passengers can now tap to pay with NAPAS card",
      "url": "https://www.sacombank.com.vn/en/home/news/sacombank-news/2025/Bus-passengers-in-HCMC-can-now-tap-to-pay-automatically-with-NAPAS-card.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "sacombank.com.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-09-16",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The bank partner's own account of the domestic-card rollout — a participant's statement, not independent reporting.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 7,
     "claimsMapped": 7,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 5,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 4,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}