{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "hanoi-metro-lines",
  "title": "Hanoi Metro: Two Lines, a Driver in Every Cab",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/hanoi-metro-lines/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-20-source-dates-r2",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-15-baseline",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-15T18:05:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-15",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 14 claims and 7 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:7abab1c6dae869d9270c91bcc0af27b8679fc755c7bbc1f364447d8cf43ee768",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-15",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:c59dae1b43f054117079d8f6bb65087c5b52dac2032941f1a1d62b78ed74d8e3",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2021,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Hanoi Metro Company (Hanoi Railway One-Member Co., Ltd), owned by the Hanoi People's Committee",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "national-government"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": "Chinese ODA loans (~77% of Line 2A); French government, AFD, EIB and ADB (Line 3)",
     "cost": "≈$868M (Line 2A alone, up from $553M)",
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-24e50dca09a29890",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The Chinese-built Cat Linh–Ha Dong line opened in November 2021, ten years after construction began",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VietnamPlus records commercial operation from November 6, 2021, construction start in October 2011 and China Railway Sixth Group as the builder.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-bc7ffc95fe6bcd09",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "its cost rising from $553 million to about $868 million, with 77% covered by Chinese ODA loans",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The same report gives the original estimate of roughly $553 million, a final cost of approximately $868 million and a 77% share of Chinese official development assistance loans.",
      "caveat": "Reported final figures vary between $868 million and $886 million across outlets; the entry uses the figure in the opening-day report.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The Alstom-fitted elevated section of the Nhon–Hanoi Station line followed in August 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac",
       "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom's release announces revenue service of the elevated section in August 2024; the operator's two-year review dates commercial operation from August 8, 2024.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-08a411e0956cadbd",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "8.5 of the planned 12.5 kilometres, with the four underground stations still unfinished",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom describes the first phase as 8.5 km with eight elevated stations, and the full 12.5 km line as including four underground stations that are not yet in service.",
      "caveat": "No source used here states a completion date for the underground section.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-ee9ba27d33addd87",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Alstom's Urbalis 400 CBTC on the Nhon line",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The vendor names its Urbalis 400 communications-based train control system as part of the integrated Line 3 package.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-accb714888930b47",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "a system VnExpress described as 'level 2.5' automation on Cat Linh–Ha Dong",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-8b64cf21483d76aa"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VnExpress's technical explainer places the line's automatic control system at 'level 2.5' on a five-level automation scale, with a driver mode built in.",
      "caveat": "A description in press reporting before opening, not an official grade-of-automation certification.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-47c61b8df88fdcb3",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "trains run automatically in normal weather and switch to manual driving when rain makes the rails slippery",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "After a mid-route stop in May 2022, Hanoi Metro general director Vu Hong Truong explained that trains operate in automatic mode in normal weather and are switched to manual when rain makes the rails slippery.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-55550c28d3591c90",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "the Nhon line recruited hundreds of operations staff, train drivers included, before opening",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VOV reported the recruitment of nearly 450 staff to run the Nhon–Hanoi Station line ahead of opening, train drivers among them.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "No source reviewed here names a date for the day nobody is on board",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Negative finding: both lines' own reporting consistently describes drivers aboard — manual fallback procedures on Line 2A, driver recruitment for Line 3 — and no reviewed source announces unattended operation or a date for it.",
      "caveat": "An absence-of-evidence statement based on the sources reviewed for this entry, not an official commitment either way.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-a6944e33ed7c92f4",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "11.8 million passenger trips on Cat Linh–Ha Dong in 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-3d865493a72951cf"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The operator's year-end report, relayed by the state information portal, states over 11.8 million passengers on Line 2A in 2024.",
      "caveat": "Operator self-reported; no independent audit of ridership exists.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-6f43b719b2f30e2a",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "about 32,900 a day, roughly 10% more than in 2023",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-3d865493a72951cf"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The same report gives an average of over 32,900 passengers per day and puts 2024 at 109.7% of 2023.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-c665455e42cf1422",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "nearly 14.2 million on the Nhon line's elevated section in its first two years",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The operator's two-year review counts nearly 14.2 million passengers and 157,955 train trips between August 8, 2024 and August 8, 2026.",
      "caveat": "Operator self-reported; no independent audit.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-bb53930c8d093580",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "the 23,900 passengers per hour per direction quoted for the finished Line 3 is the signalling vendor's design capacity",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom's own release states the integrated system 'can transport 23,900 passengers per hour per direction at full capacity' — a vendor design figure, quoted here precisely so it is not mistaken for ridership.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-7975e8a48527af88",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "both still roster a driver in every cab with no announced date for their removal",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Line 2A's operating procedures assume a driver who takes over in bad weather; Line 3 recruited and trained its own drivers before opening. No reviewed source announces their removal.",
      "caveat": "Negative finding based on the sources reviewed for this entry.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f",
      "title": "VietnamPlus — Cat Linh-Ha Dong metro put into commercial operation",
      "url": "https://en.vietnamplus.vn/cat-linh-ha-dong-metro-put-into-commercial-operation-post215949.vnp",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.vietnamplus.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-24e50dca09a29890",
       "clm-bc7ffc95fe6bcd09"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "State news agency record of the November 6, 2021 opening: construction start October 2011, cost rise from ~$553M to ~$868M, 77% Chinese ODA loans, operator Hanoi Railway One-Member Co.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-8b64cf21483d76aa",
      "title": "VnExpress — Cat Linh-Ha Dong control technology",
      "url": "https://vnexpress.net/duong-sat-cat-linh-ha-dong-su-dung-cong-nghe-nhu-the-nao-3806649.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vnexpress.net",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-accb714888930b47"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Pre-opening technical explainer: automatic control system rated 'level 2.5' on a five-level automation scale, command centre issues automatic speed orders, driver mode built in.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
      "title": "VOV — sudden stop in rain, automatic to manual",
      "url": "https://vov.vn/xa-hoi/tau-cat-linh-dot-ngot-dung-trong-mua-do-chuyen-tu-lai-tu-dong-sang-co-nguoi-dieu-khien-post945753.vov",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vov.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-47c61b8df88fdcb3",
       "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
       "clm-7975e8a48527af88"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Hanoi Metro's general director explains (May 2022) that trains run in automatic mode in normal weather and are switched to manual driving when rain makes rails slippery.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-03a166f7b310a5ac",
      "title": "Alstom — Line 3 passenger service press release",
      "url": "https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/8/hanoi-metro-line-3-start-passenger-service-alstoms-first-integrated-system-vietnam",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "alstom.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
       "clm-08a411e0956cadbd",
       "clm-ee9ba27d33addd87",
       "clm-bb53930c8d093580"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Vendor release (alstom.com bot-walled to direct fetch; text verified via the WebWire mirror of the same release): Urbalis 400 CBTC, ten Metropolis trains, 8.5 of 12.5 km opened August 2024, 23,900 pphpd design capacity, French/AFD/EIB/ADB financing, MRB as owner.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-3d865493a72951cf",
      "title": "Hanoi Metro 2024 results (via vietnam.vn)",
      "url": "https://www.vietnam.vn/en/metro-ha-noi-dat-muc-tieu-phuc-vu-hon-19-trieu-hanh-khach-nam-2025",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vietnam.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-a6944e33ed7c92f4",
       "clm-6f43b719b2f30e2a"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Relays the operator's year-end report: 11.8 million trips on Line 2A in 2024 (109.7% of 2023), average over 32,900 passengers/day, 14.8 million across both lines.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8",
      "title": "Nhon line two-year results (via vietnam.vn)",
      "url": "https://www.vietnam.vn/en/tuyen-metro-nhon-ga-ha-noi-phuc-vu-gan-14-2-trieu-luot-hanh-khach-sau-2-nam-van-hanh",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vietnam.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
       "clm-c665455e42cf1422"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator figures for the elevated section: nearly 14.2 million passengers and 157,955 train trips from August 8, 2024 to August 8, 2026.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7",
      "title": "VOV — Nhon line recruits nearly 450 operations staff",
      "url": "https://vov.gov.vn/metro-nhon-ga-ha-noi-tuyen-dung-gan-450-nhan-su-de-van-hanh-tuyen-vao-cuoi-nam-dtnew-449654",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vov.gov.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-55550c28d3591c90",
       "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
       "clm-7975e8a48527af88"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Recruitment of nearly 450 staff, train drivers included, to operate the Nhon–Hanoi Station line — the line opened with drivers in the cab.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 14,
     "claimsMapped": 14,
     "sourcesTotal": 7,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 7,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 0,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-20-source-dates-b2",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-20T17:00:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-15",
   "changeType": "update",
   "summary": "Record the publication date of each source that states one; sources that publish no date are marked null.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/sources",
     "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:8e4252a9b2c04e8be0530c37b9e2eabd4a3e3eeef2d10caa477baa8e49bc6ec4",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-15",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:74ec9ac5c34a86ddaf46ce9d1075a502e88deab5e701b155ac434e6d7e0a9562",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2021,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Hanoi Metro Company (Hanoi Railway One-Member Co., Ltd), owned by the Hanoi People's Committee",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "national-government"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": "Chinese ODA loans (~77% of Line 2A); French government, AFD, EIB and ADB (Line 3)",
     "cost": "≈$868M (Line 2A alone, up from $553M)",
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-24e50dca09a29890",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The Chinese-built Cat Linh–Ha Dong line opened in November 2021, ten years after construction began",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VietnamPlus records commercial operation from November 6, 2021, construction start in October 2011 and China Railway Sixth Group as the builder.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-bc7ffc95fe6bcd09",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "its cost rising from $553 million to about $868 million, with 77% covered by Chinese ODA loans",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The same report gives the original estimate of roughly $553 million, a final cost of approximately $868 million and a 77% share of Chinese official development assistance loans.",
      "caveat": "Reported final figures vary between $868 million and $886 million across outlets; the entry uses the figure in the opening-day report.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The Alstom-fitted elevated section of the Nhon–Hanoi Station line followed in August 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac",
       "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom's release announces revenue service of the elevated section in August 2024; the operator's two-year review dates commercial operation from August 8, 2024.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-08a411e0956cadbd",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "8.5 of the planned 12.5 kilometres, with the four underground stations still unfinished",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom describes the first phase as 8.5 km with eight elevated stations, and the full 12.5 km line as including four underground stations that are not yet in service.",
      "caveat": "No source used here states a completion date for the underground section.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-ee9ba27d33addd87",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Alstom's Urbalis 400 CBTC on the Nhon line",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The vendor names its Urbalis 400 communications-based train control system as part of the integrated Line 3 package.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-accb714888930b47",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "a system VnExpress described as 'level 2.5' automation on Cat Linh–Ha Dong",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-8b64cf21483d76aa"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VnExpress's technical explainer places the line's automatic control system at 'level 2.5' on a five-level automation scale, with a driver mode built in.",
      "caveat": "A description in press reporting before opening, not an official grade-of-automation certification.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-47c61b8df88fdcb3",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "trains run automatically in normal weather and switch to manual driving when rain makes the rails slippery",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "After a mid-route stop in May 2022, Hanoi Metro general director Vu Hong Truong explained that trains operate in automatic mode in normal weather and are switched to manual when rain makes the rails slippery.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-55550c28d3591c90",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "the Nhon line recruited hundreds of operations staff, train drivers included, before opening",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VOV reported the recruitment of nearly 450 staff to run the Nhon–Hanoi Station line ahead of opening, train drivers among them.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "No source reviewed here names a date for the day nobody is on board",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Negative finding: both lines' own reporting consistently describes drivers aboard — manual fallback procedures on Line 2A, driver recruitment for Line 3 — and no reviewed source announces unattended operation or a date for it.",
      "caveat": "An absence-of-evidence statement based on the sources reviewed for this entry, not an official commitment either way.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-a6944e33ed7c92f4",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "11.8 million passenger trips on Cat Linh–Ha Dong in 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-3d865493a72951cf"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The operator's year-end report, relayed by the state information portal, states over 11.8 million passengers on Line 2A in 2024.",
      "caveat": "Operator self-reported; no independent audit of ridership exists.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-6f43b719b2f30e2a",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "about 32,900 a day, roughly 10% more than in 2023",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-3d865493a72951cf"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The same report gives an average of over 32,900 passengers per day and puts 2024 at 109.7% of 2023.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-c665455e42cf1422",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "nearly 14.2 million on the Nhon line's elevated section in its first two years",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The operator's two-year review counts nearly 14.2 million passengers and 157,955 train trips between August 8, 2024 and August 8, 2026.",
      "caveat": "Operator self-reported; no independent audit.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-bb53930c8d093580",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "the 23,900 passengers per hour per direction quoted for the finished Line 3 is the signalling vendor's design capacity",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom's own release states the integrated system 'can transport 23,900 passengers per hour per direction at full capacity' — a vendor design figure, quoted here precisely so it is not mistaken for ridership.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-7975e8a48527af88",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "both still roster a driver in every cab with no announced date for their removal",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Line 2A's operating procedures assume a driver who takes over in bad weather; Line 3 recruited and trained its own drivers before opening. No reviewed source announces their removal.",
      "caveat": "Negative finding based on the sources reviewed for this entry.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f",
      "title": "VietnamPlus — Cat Linh-Ha Dong metro put into commercial operation",
      "url": "https://en.vietnamplus.vn/cat-linh-ha-dong-metro-put-into-commercial-operation-post215949.vnp",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.vietnamplus.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-24e50dca09a29890",
       "clm-bc7ffc95fe6bcd09"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "State news agency record of the November 6, 2021 opening: construction start October 2011, cost rise from ~$553M to ~$868M, 77% Chinese ODA loans, operator Hanoi Railway One-Member Co.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-8b64cf21483d76aa",
      "title": "VnExpress — Cat Linh-Ha Dong control technology",
      "url": "https://vnexpress.net/duong-sat-cat-linh-ha-dong-su-dung-cong-nghe-nhu-the-nao-3806649.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vnexpress.net",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-accb714888930b47"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2018-09-21",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Pre-opening technical explainer: automatic control system rated 'level 2.5' on a five-level automation scale, command centre issues automatic speed orders, driver mode built in.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
      "title": "VOV — sudden stop in rain, automatic to manual",
      "url": "https://vov.vn/xa-hoi/tau-cat-linh-dot-ngot-dung-trong-mua-do-chuyen-tu-lai-tu-dong-sang-co-nguoi-dieu-khien-post945753.vov",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vov.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-47c61b8df88fdcb3",
       "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
       "clm-7975e8a48527af88"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Hanoi Metro's general director explains (May 2022) that trains run in automatic mode in normal weather and are switched to manual driving when rain makes rails slippery.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-03a166f7b310a5ac",
      "title": "Alstom — Line 3 passenger service press release",
      "url": "https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/8/hanoi-metro-line-3-start-passenger-service-alstoms-first-integrated-system-vietnam",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "alstom.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
       "clm-08a411e0956cadbd",
       "clm-ee9ba27d33addd87",
       "clm-bb53930c8d093580"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2024-08-08",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Vendor release (alstom.com bot-walled to direct fetch; text verified via the WebWire mirror of the same release): Urbalis 400 CBTC, ten Metropolis trains, 8.5 of 12.5 km opened August 2024, 23,900 pphpd design capacity, French/AFD/EIB/ADB financing, MRB as owner.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-3d865493a72951cf",
      "title": "Hanoi Metro 2024 results (via vietnam.vn)",
      "url": "https://www.vietnam.vn/en/metro-ha-noi-dat-muc-tieu-phuc-vu-hon-19-trieu-hanh-khach-nam-2025",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vietnam.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-a6944e33ed7c92f4",
       "clm-6f43b719b2f30e2a"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-01-23",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Relays the operator's year-end report: 11.8 million trips on Line 2A in 2024 (109.7% of 2023), average over 32,900 passengers/day, 14.8 million across both lines.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8",
      "title": "Nhon line two-year results (via vietnam.vn)",
      "url": "https://www.vietnam.vn/en/tuyen-metro-nhon-ga-ha-noi-phuc-vu-gan-14-2-trieu-luot-hanh-khach-sau-2-nam-van-hanh",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vietnam.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
       "clm-c665455e42cf1422"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2026-08-08",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator figures for the elevated section: nearly 14.2 million passengers and 157,955 train trips from August 8, 2024 to August 8, 2026.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7",
      "title": "VOV — Nhon line recruits nearly 450 operations staff",
      "url": "https://vov.gov.vn/metro-nhon-ga-ha-noi-tuyen-dung-gan-450-nhan-su-de-van-hanh-tuyen-vao-cuoi-nam-dtnew-449654",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vov.gov.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-55550c28d3591c90",
       "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
       "clm-7975e8a48527af88"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Recruitment of nearly 450 staff, train drivers included, to operate the Nhon–Hanoi Station line — the line opened with drivers in the cab.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 14,
     "claimsMapped": 14,
     "sourcesTotal": 7,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 7,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 4,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-20-source-dates-r2",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-21T09:00:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-15",
   "changeType": "update",
   "summary": "Record the publication date of each source that states one; sources that publish no date are marked null.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/sources",
     "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:bf6f1f086013b176aa0c6ded09fb0688b2dbb253741e281363dbde82a9be0b4d",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-15",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:ce77c70ead1477eab8f127abeb20f351b73a6b83dde57a5b467d831d81bbd98c",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2021,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Hanoi Metro Company (Hanoi Railway One-Member Co., Ltd), owned by the Hanoi People's Committee",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "national-government"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": "Chinese ODA loans (~77% of Line 2A); French government, AFD, EIB and ADB (Line 3)",
     "cost": "≈$868M (Line 2A alone, up from $553M)",
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-24e50dca09a29890",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The Chinese-built Cat Linh–Ha Dong line opened in November 2021, ten years after construction began",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VietnamPlus records commercial operation from November 6, 2021, construction start in October 2011 and China Railway Sixth Group as the builder.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-bc7ffc95fe6bcd09",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "its cost rising from $553 million to about $868 million, with 77% covered by Chinese ODA loans",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The same report gives the original estimate of roughly $553 million, a final cost of approximately $868 million and a 77% share of Chinese official development assistance loans.",
      "caveat": "Reported final figures vary between $868 million and $886 million across outlets; the entry uses the figure in the opening-day report.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The Alstom-fitted elevated section of the Nhon–Hanoi Station line followed in August 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac",
       "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom's release announces revenue service of the elevated section in August 2024; the operator's two-year review dates commercial operation from August 8, 2024.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-08a411e0956cadbd",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "8.5 of the planned 12.5 kilometres, with the four underground stations still unfinished",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom describes the first phase as 8.5 km with eight elevated stations, and the full 12.5 km line as including four underground stations that are not yet in service.",
      "caveat": "No source used here states a completion date for the underground section.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-ee9ba27d33addd87",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Alstom's Urbalis 400 CBTC on the Nhon line",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The vendor names its Urbalis 400 communications-based train control system as part of the integrated Line 3 package.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-accb714888930b47",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "a system VnExpress described as 'level 2.5' automation on Cat Linh–Ha Dong",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-8b64cf21483d76aa"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VnExpress's technical explainer places the line's automatic control system at 'level 2.5' on a five-level automation scale, with a driver mode built in.",
      "caveat": "A description in press reporting before opening, not an official grade-of-automation certification.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-47c61b8df88fdcb3",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "trains run automatically in normal weather and switch to manual driving when rain makes the rails slippery",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c"
      ],
      "supportNote": "After a mid-route stop in May 2022, Hanoi Metro general director Vu Hong Truong explained that trains operate in automatic mode in normal weather and are switched to manual when rain makes the rails slippery.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-55550c28d3591c90",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "the Nhon line recruited hundreds of operations staff, train drivers included, before opening",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "VOV reported the recruitment of nearly 450 staff to run the Nhon–Hanoi Station line ahead of opening, train drivers among them.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "No source reviewed here names a date for the day nobody is on board",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Negative finding: both lines' own reporting consistently describes drivers aboard — manual fallback procedures on Line 2A, driver recruitment for Line 3 — and no reviewed source announces unattended operation or a date for it.",
      "caveat": "An absence-of-evidence statement based on the sources reviewed for this entry, not an official commitment either way.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-a6944e33ed7c92f4",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "11.8 million passenger trips on Cat Linh–Ha Dong in 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-3d865493a72951cf"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The operator's year-end report, relayed by the state information portal, states over 11.8 million passengers on Line 2A in 2024.",
      "caveat": "Operator self-reported; no independent audit of ridership exists.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-6f43b719b2f30e2a",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "about 32,900 a day, roughly 10% more than in 2023",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-3d865493a72951cf"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The same report gives an average of over 32,900 passengers per day and puts 2024 at 109.7% of 2023.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-c665455e42cf1422",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "nearly 14.2 million on the Nhon line's elevated section in its first two years",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The operator's two-year review counts nearly 14.2 million passengers and 157,955 train trips between August 8, 2024 and August 8, 2026.",
      "caveat": "Operator self-reported; no independent audit.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-bb53930c8d093580",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "the 23,900 passengers per hour per direction quoted for the finished Line 3 is the signalling vendor's design capacity",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-03a166f7b310a5ac"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Alstom's own release states the integrated system 'can transport 23,900 passengers per hour per direction at full capacity' — a vendor design figure, quoted here precisely so it is not mistaken for ridership.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-7975e8a48527af88",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "both still roster a driver in every cab with no announced date for their removal",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
       "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Line 2A's operating procedures assume a driver who takes over in bad weather; Line 3 recruited and trained its own drivers before opening. No reviewed source announces their removal.",
      "caveat": "Negative finding based on the sources reviewed for this entry.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-76c8e68f42ce4c9f",
      "title": "VietnamPlus — Cat Linh-Ha Dong metro put into commercial operation",
      "url": "https://en.vietnamplus.vn/cat-linh-ha-dong-metro-put-into-commercial-operation-post215949.vnp",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "en.vietnamplus.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-24e50dca09a29890",
       "clm-bc7ffc95fe6bcd09"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "State news agency record of the November 6, 2021 opening: construction start October 2011, cost rise from ~$553M to ~$868M, 77% Chinese ODA loans, operator Hanoi Railway One-Member Co.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-8b64cf21483d76aa",
      "title": "VnExpress — Cat Linh-Ha Dong control technology",
      "url": "https://vnexpress.net/duong-sat-cat-linh-ha-dong-su-dung-cong-nghe-nhu-the-nao-3806649.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vnexpress.net",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-accb714888930b47"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2018-09-21",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Pre-opening technical explainer: automatic control system rated 'level 2.5' on a five-level automation scale, command centre issues automatic speed orders, driver mode built in.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-a1af19efc74b679c",
      "title": "VOV — sudden stop in rain, automatic to manual",
      "url": "https://vov.vn/xa-hoi/tau-cat-linh-dot-ngot-dung-trong-mua-do-chuyen-tu-lai-tu-dong-sang-co-nguoi-dieu-khien-post945753.vov",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vov.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-47c61b8df88fdcb3",
       "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
       "clm-7975e8a48527af88"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Hanoi Metro's general director explains (May 2022) that trains run in automatic mode in normal weather and are switched to manual driving when rain makes rails slippery.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-03a166f7b310a5ac",
      "title": "Alstom — Line 3 passenger service press release",
      "url": "https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2024/8/hanoi-metro-line-3-start-passenger-service-alstoms-first-integrated-system-vietnam",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "alstom.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
       "clm-08a411e0956cadbd",
       "clm-ee9ba27d33addd87",
       "clm-bb53930c8d093580"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2024-08-08",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Vendor release (alstom.com bot-walled to direct fetch; text verified via the WebWire mirror of the same release): Urbalis 400 CBTC, ten Metropolis trains, 8.5 of 12.5 km opened August 2024, 23,900 pphpd design capacity, French/AFD/EIB/ADB financing, MRB as owner.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-3d865493a72951cf",
      "title": "Hanoi Metro 2024 results (via vietnam.vn)",
      "url": "https://www.vietnam.vn/en/metro-ha-noi-dat-muc-tieu-phuc-vu-hon-19-trieu-hanh-khach-nam-2025",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vietnam.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-a6944e33ed7c92f4",
       "clm-6f43b719b2f30e2a"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-01-23",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Relays the operator's year-end report: 11.8 million trips on Line 2A in 2024 (109.7% of 2023), average over 32,900 passengers/day, 14.8 million across both lines.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-1803508e8ec1f3d8",
      "title": "Nhon line two-year results (via vietnam.vn)",
      "url": "https://www.vietnam.vn/en/tuyen-metro-nhon-ga-ha-noi-phuc-vu-gan-14-2-trieu-luot-hanh-khach-sau-2-nam-van-hanh",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vietnam.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-5e3fe0eae9b6de40",
       "clm-c665455e42cf1422"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2026-08-08",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator figures for the elevated section: nearly 14.2 million passengers and 157,955 train trips from August 8, 2024 to August 8, 2026.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-fb26db6fb9567ce7",
      "title": "VOV — Nhon line recruits nearly 450 operations staff",
      "url": "https://vov.gov.vn/metro-nhon-ga-ha-noi-tuyen-dung-gan-450-nhan-su-de-van-hanh-tuyen-vao-cuoi-nam-dtnew-449654",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "vov.gov.vn",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-55550c28d3591c90",
       "clm-f9cb2b984b054754",
       "clm-7975e8a48527af88"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": "2022-11-15",
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-15",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-21",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Recruitment of nearly 450 staff, train drivers included, to operate the Nhon–Hanoi Station line — the line opened with drivers in the cab.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 14,
     "claimsMapped": 14,
     "sourcesTotal": 7,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 7,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 4,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}