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 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "hangzhou-west-lake-smart-tourism",
  "title": "West Lake Smart Crowd & Traffic Management Platform",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/hangzhou-west-lake-smart-tourism/"
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   "id": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-22T21:05:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-03",
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   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 11 claims and 5 source dossiers.",
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     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
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     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
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    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2020,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Hangzhou West Lake Big Data Operating Co. (joint venture), with the West Lake Scenic Area Administration Committee and vendor Zhejiang Dahua Technology",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "mixed",
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     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
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     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-15a70d9d1e05ad12",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Since 2020",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-2f0266a89d18c455",
       "src-a00e5158faeb89c0"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Both sources date the work to 2020 in near-identical wording. Dahua writes: 自2020年开始，大华股份持续助力西湖景区的数智化发展，基于对断桥客流、灵隐景区交通等“小切口”的管控 (“From 2020 onwards, Dahua has continuously supported the digital-intelligent development of the West Lake scenic area, starting from the control of Broken Bridge visitor flow and Lingyin scenic-area traffic as ‘small entry points’”). The Tencent-syndicated article carries the same sentence with the joint venture as the subject: 自2020年开始,西湖大数据基于对断桥客流、灵隐景区交通等“小切口”的管控.",
      "caveat": "2020 is the year the parties describe starting this line of work at two specific spots, not the launch date of a finished platform. The same article dates the joint venture's founding to December 2018 and says the five capability centres were completed “by 2024”. The two sources also share the sentence almost word for word, so this is one account rather than two independent ones.",
      "interpretation": {
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       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
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     {
      "id": "clm-1cf4d73e6509ff59",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "West Lake's management committee, the Hangzhou West Lake Big Data joint venture, and vendor Zhejiang Dahua",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-a00e5158faeb89c0",
       "src-e739a6c5b9996315",
       "src-2f0266a89d18c455"
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      "supportNote": "All three parties are named as joint declarants of the designated solution. The Tencent-syndicated article says: 杭州西湖大数据联合杭州西湖风景名胜区管理委员会、大华股份联合申报 (“Hangzhou West Lake Big Data, jointly with the Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area Administration Committee and Dahua, jointly declared”). The ministry's own attachment lists the same three units in row 3 of the top-ten table: 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 / 杭州西湖风景名胜区管理委员会 / 杭州西湖大数据运营有限公司. The same article describes the joint venture's formation: 在 2018年12月 the West Lake Scenic Area Asset Management Group and Hangzhou City Big Data Operating Co. set it up together with three internet companies.",
      "caveat": "The company was set up by the scenic area's asset-management group together with a municipal data company and three internet firms, so calling it the management committee's joint venture compresses the ownership. On the ministry's side the three units appear as co-declarants of a solution, which is a statement about who submitted it, not a formal record of who operates the platform.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
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     {
      "id": "clm-d36022e8fc2d8384",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "have built an IoT sensing layer and AI monitoring that count crowds at bottlenecks like Broken Bridge",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-2f0266a89d18c455",
       "src-a00e5158faeb89c0"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Dahua names Broken Bridge as one of the crowded spots the platform watches: 西湖断桥、北高峰、音乐喷泉等是西湖景区的热门景点 (“Broken Bridge, Beigaofeng and the musical fountain are popular spots”), and says the area built 客流管控智能化平台 (“intelligent crowd-management platforms”) at several such places which 动态检测、分析客流实时变化趋势 (“dynamically detect and analyse real-time changes in visitor flow”). The sensing layer is described as one of five centres: 智能算力中心、物联感知中心、视频调度中心、事件运行中心、时空地理信息中心 (computing, IoT sensing, video dispatch, event operations, spatio-temporal geo-information). The Tencent article adds that visitor numbers are monitored in real time using AI.",
      "caveat": "Neither source names cameras as the counting device. They describe an IoT sensing centre, a video dispatch centre and AI monitoring of visitor numbers, and leave open which of these actually does the counting at any given spot.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
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     {
      "id": "clm-a008f7d2caf4d26a",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "with crowd measures following when the count nears a warning threshold",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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       "src-2f0266a89d18c455"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The one source that describes a threshold is the Tencent-syndicated interview with Su Yuanyuan, director of the West Lake Scenic Area command centre: 在游客数量接近或超过预警阈值时,自动触发预警系统,提醒管理部门及时采取分流、限流等措施 — “when visitor numbers approach or exceed the warning threshold, the warning system is triggered automatically, prompting the management departments to take diversion, flow-limiting and other measures in time.” Dahua describes the same step as 基于游客高峰预警 … 适时触发应急预案 (“based on visitor-peak warnings, contingency plans are triggered at the appropriate time”).",
      "caveat": "No source publishes a threshold value, and what the threshold sets off is an alert, not a diversion: the command centre's own description has staff decide on diversion or entry limits afterwards. For vehicles the published mechanisms are different in kind — advance booking for the Lingyin and Gushan approaches, and on peak days an odd-even plate rule with a separate quota permit — all of which run on the calendar and on quotas rather than on a live sensor reading.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
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     {
      "id": "clm-dee0d6efb9ab6103",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "China's Ministry of Culture and Tourism named the platform a national top-ten smart-tourism solution in January 2025.",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
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      "supportNote": "The ministry's notice 办资源函〔2025〕46号, published 23 January 2025, states: 文化和旅游部确定 10个解决方案为2024年全国智慧旅游十佳解决方案 (“the Ministry of Culture and Tourism has determined 10 solutions to be the 2024 national top-ten smart-tourism solutions”). Row 3 of the attached list is 数智化景区全域交旅协同融合管控解决方案, declared by Dahua, the West Lake Scenic Area Administration Committee and Hangzhou West Lake Big Data. China Tourism News and the Tencent-syndicated article report the same designation.",
      "caveat": "The designation is awarded to a named solution, not to a place: neither the notice nor the list contains the words “West Lake” in the solution's title, and West Lake appears only through the two declaring units.",
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
      "id": "clm-354cc55a63ee1ba1",
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      "text": "Named one of China's 10 National Smart Tourism Top Solutions by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "The ministry's notice sets the count: 文化和旅游部确定 10个解决方案为2024年全国智慧旅游十佳解决方案,20个解决方案为2024年全国智慧旅游优秀解决方案 (“10 solutions as the 2024 national top-ten smart-tourism solutions, 20 as excellent solutions”). The attached list “2024年全国智慧旅游解决方案名单.pdf” carries the West Lake entry as number 3 of the ten. China Tourism News repeats the ten-solution framing.",
      "caveat": null,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
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      "field": "impact",
      "text": "(governance category)",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
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      "supportNote": "China Tourism News lists the entry under a governance heading: 三、治理丨数智化景区全域交旅协同融合管控解决方案 (“III. Governance | Digital-intelligent scenic-area whole-area transport-tourism collaborative management and control solution”), and describes it as offering the “West Lake experience” built on 以城市—社区—景区一体化的综合管控 (“integrated city–community–scenic-area management”). The ministry's own attached table gives the same value in its 类别 (category) column: 治理.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
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      "field": "impact",
      "text": "announced January 2025",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "The notice carries 发布时间：2025年01月23日 (“published 23 January 2025”) and is signed 文化和旅游部办公厅 on 22 January 2025. The Tencent-syndicated article dates it the same way: 2025年1月22日,文化和旅游部公示《2024年全国智慧旅游解决方案名单》.",
      "caveat": "Dahua published its own announcement on 21 January 2025, referring to the draft shortlist that preceded the ministry's final notice by a day or two.",
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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      "field": "impact",
      "text": "a formal ministry citation, not an independent performance audit",
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      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
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      "supportNote": "The notice describes its own procedure and it is a selection, not a measurement: solutions arrived 在自愿申报、各地文化和旅游行政部门及相关行业协会推荐的基础上 (“on the basis of voluntary declaration and recommendation by local culture and tourism authorities and industry associations”) and were chosen 经专家评审 和 社会公示 (“through expert review and public notice”). The notice reports no performance figure for any of the ten, and closes by asking the declaring units to keep improving and promoting their solutions.",
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "The public record here is a ministry citation and vendor case studies",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "The two documents are what the entry says they are. The ministry's text is a notice publishing a list of designated solutions. Dahua's text is a company news post headed 大华股份×西湖景区，入选文旅部“2024年全国智慧旅游十佳解决方案”！ (“Dahua × West Lake scenic area selected for the ministry's 2024 national top-ten smart-tourism solutions!”), which supplies the platform description and closes on the company's own future plans.",
      "caveat": "Two of the five listed sources are news outlets rather than ministry or vendor material: China Tourism News summarising the list, and a Hangzhou Daily report on the Lingyin booking system.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
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       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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     {
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      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "not an independent measurement of whether crowding or congestion actually improved",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
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      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
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      "supportNote": "Neither document reports a before-and-after figure. The ministry's notice publishes names and categories only, chosen from voluntary declarations by expert review. Dahua's account lists capabilities — 全自动化监测、智能预警、高效流转与快速处置 (“fully automated monitoring, intelligent early warning, efficient routing and rapid disposal”) — without a single measured outcome for crowd density, travel time or congestion.",
      "caveat": "This describes what the sources listed on this entry contain. It is not a finding that no evaluation of the platform exists anywhere.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
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      "title": "Zhejiang Dahua Technology (vendor)",
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       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Vendor release confirming the five-centre platform (compute, IoT sensing, video dispatch, event ops, geo-info); AI-based crowd/vehicle monitoring since 2020, starting with Broken Bridge crowds and Lingyin traffic.",
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       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Confirms West Lake's entry sits in the 'governance' category, describing integrated city-community-scenic-area management as the 'West Lake experience'.",
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       "value": "Confirms joint declarants: Hangzhou West Lake Big Data, the Scenic Area Administration Committee, and Dahua.",
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      "title": "Zhejiang Online",
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       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Confirms a related sub-system: real-name, timed-slot booking for the Lingyin-Feilaifeng temple site via Alipay/WeChat mini-program, active November 2025.",
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     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 5,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}