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Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.", "entity": { "type": "project", "id": "geneva-genilac", "title": "GeniLac Lake-Water Thermal Grid", "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/geneva-genilac/" }, "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-27-source-dating", "revisions": [ { "id": "2026-08-27-claims-and-sources", "createdAt": "2026-08-27T02:45:42Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-08-27", "changeType": "baseline", "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 7 claims and 4 source dossiers.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "add", "path": "/evidencePassport", "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers." }, { "operation": "add", "path": "/revisionHistory", "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:5f8d63eec0e791e8e73d52f4e8a99481a15cdd1e0a61a52f3879cd252965ed96", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-08-27", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:7879f77c2ef27ed001636a100137f442d9b427fe7df00bbdadcc36888a47db79", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. 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SIG describes the same network heating as well as cooling, via heat pumps.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8394fad0985ebec8", "field": "snippet", "text": "It grew from GLN (Genève-Lac-Nations), a 5 km network with a lakeside pumping station born in 2008; UN Geneva was its first customer, connecting in 2009, with the WHO, ITU, WTO and WMO following", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0", "src-f5ce48a071f0be05" ], "supportNote": "SIG: 'GLN, Genève-Lac-Nations, est né en 2008, composé d'une station de pompage au bord du lac et d'un réseau de 5 km', and 'L'ONU Genève fait figure de pionnière de la thermique renouvelable et se raccorde en premier en 2009', with the WHO, ITU, WTO and WMO following.", "caveat": "SIG dates the UN connection to 2009; Geneva Solutions writes that the UN has been using the network 'since 2008'.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8eaefb055011570c", "field": "snippet", "text": "GeniLac now runs as two loops — an open one into the city centre as far as the Rhône, and a closed one reaching the airport and the Quartier de l'Etang — with further loops planned for the PAV district, the Gare des Eaux-Vives and the university hospitals", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0" ], "supportNote": "'GeniLac est composé de deux réseaux, l'un, en boucle ouverte vers le centre-ville qui s'étend jusqu'au Rhône, et l'autre, en boucle fermée qui relie l'aéroport et s'étend jusqu'au Quartier de l'Etang. D'autres boucles fermées verront le jour dans les secteurs du PAV (La Praille-Acacias-Vernets), de la Gare des Eaux-Vives et des HUG.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-286ea7ed98e2e383", "field": "snippet", "text": "SIG says the installation runs on 100% renewable electricity and cuts the electricity a connected building uses for cooling by 80%, and its heating CO2 by 80%", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0", "src-f5ce48a071f0be05" ], "supportNote": "SIG: 'Toute l'installation fonctionne avec de l'électricité 100% renouvelable et permet une diminution de 80% de la consommation d'électricité pour la climatisation et de 80% des émissions de CO2 pour le chauffage.' 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Geneva Solutions independently reports 68 customers in August 2022.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-e6f2db2fd0955e12", "field": "impact", "text": "by 2045, once 350 buildings are connected, SIG expects 70 GWh of electricity saved a year — the annual consumption of 27,000 households — and 70,000 tonnes of greenhouse gases avoided a year for the Canton of Geneva", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0", "src-f5ce48a071f0be05" ], "supportNote": "'A l'horizon 2045, lorsque 350 bâtiments seront raccordés, cela représentera une réduction de 70 GWh d'électricité par an, soit l'équivalent de la consommation annuelle de 27'000 ménages ainsi qu'une diminuation de 70'000 tonnes de gaz à effet de serre par an pour le canton de Genève.'", "caveat": "A projection two decades out, not a measurement.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-e7119af58afc41a6", "field": "lesson", "text": "A visiting reporter was told in 2022 that the network would be finished by 2024", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-f5ce48a071f0be05" ], "supportNote": "Geneva Solutions, from the August 2022 site visit: 'The project is expected to be completed by 2024 for a total outlay of around CHF 800 million.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0", "title": "SIG (authority)", "url": "https://ww2.sig-ge.ch/actualites/sig-deploie-genilac-son-reseau-hydrothermique-ecologique", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "ww2.sig-ge.ch", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-e3df02900293c086", "clm-8394fad0985ebec8", "clm-8eaefb055011570c", "clm-286ea7ed98e2e383", "clm-2137f63874c6db2f", "clm-e6f2db2fd0955e12" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-29", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "SIG's own account of the GeniLac deployment. Source for the two loops and their reach, the 80% reductions, the 2045 projection, the delivered 2021 output (33 GWh of cooling and heat, nearly 30% up on 2020) and the 68 customers then connected, and for the prehistory: 'GLN, Genève-Lac-Nations, est né en 2008, composé d'une station de pompage au bord du lac et d'un réseau de 5 km', with UN Geneva connecting first in 2009 and the WHO, ITU, WTO and WMO following. 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Source for the 30 km extent, the Vengeron pumping station, pipes submerged at 45 metres drawing water at about 7 degrees, the 68 customers, and two figures worth keeping apart from SIG's: 'The project is expected to be completed by 2024 for a total outlay of around CHF 800 million.'", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-3f3c0ddf3002dd9a", "title": "SIG — reseau GeniLac (authority)", "url": "https://ww2.sig-ge.ch/entreprises/offres-energies/thermique-renouvelable/reseau_genilac", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "ww2.sig-ge.ch", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-29", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Official GeniLac page by the Geneva utility SIG.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 7, "claimsMapped": 7, "sourcesTotal": 4, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 2, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 2, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } }, { "id": "2026-08-27-source-dating", "createdAt": "2026-08-27T13:37:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-08-27", "changeType": "correction", "summary": "Every source on this entry now carries a date key: a publication date where the publisher states one, otherwise an explicit null with the reason on the record.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint", "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record." }, { "operation": "replace", "path": "/snapshot/sources", "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:77d2cbbd1a0bb260f0c8bd90a45df80d2c0d3c9e8422087c6d6887622208ea91", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-08-27", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:d5cf776bd5bc4384d38344a338c0f3a06c6d36ca044c5befa9d12acec4effdd6", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. 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D'autres boucles fermées verront le jour dans les secteurs du PAV (La Praille-Acacias-Vernets), de la Gare des Eaux-Vives et des HUG.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-286ea7ed98e2e383", "field": "snippet", "text": "SIG says the installation runs on 100% renewable electricity and cuts the electricity a connected building uses for cooling by 80%, and its heating CO2 by 80%", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0", "src-f5ce48a071f0be05" ], "supportNote": "SIG: 'Toute l'installation fonctionne avec de l'électricité 100% renouvelable et permet une diminution de 80% de la consommation d'électricité pour la climatisation et de 80% des émissions de CO2 pour le chauffage.' Geneva Solutions reports the same two figures.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-2137f63874c6db2f", "field": "impact", "text": "SIG reports that GeniLac produced 33 GWh of cooling and heat in 2021, nearly 30% more than in 2020, with 68 customers connected", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0", "src-f5ce48a071f0be05" ], "supportNote": "SIG: 'En 2021, GeniLac a produit 33 GWh de froid et de chaud, ce qui représente une hausse de près de 30% par rapport à 2020. Aujourd'hui, GeniLac compte 68 clients.' Geneva Solutions independently reports 68 customers in August 2022.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-e6f2db2fd0955e12", "field": "impact", "text": "by 2045, once 350 buildings are connected, SIG expects 70 GWh of electricity saved a year — the annual consumption of 27,000 households — and 70,000 tonnes of greenhouse gases avoided a year for the Canton of Geneva", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0", "src-f5ce48a071f0be05" ], "supportNote": "'A l'horizon 2045, lorsque 350 bâtiments seront raccordés, cela représentera une réduction de 70 GWh d'électricité par an, soit l'équivalent de la consommation annuelle de 27'000 ménages ainsi qu'une diminuation de 70'000 tonnes de gaz à effet de serre par an pour le canton de Genève.'", "caveat": "A projection two decades out, not a measurement.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-e7119af58afc41a6", "field": "lesson", "text": "A visiting reporter was told in 2022 that the network would be finished by 2024", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-f5ce48a071f0be05" ], "supportNote": "Geneva Solutions, from the August 2022 site visit: 'The project is expected to be completed by 2024 for a total outlay of around CHF 800 million.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-378b9aa9d8a652a0", "title": "SIG (authority)", "url": "https://ww2.sig-ge.ch/actualites/sig-deploie-genilac-son-reseau-hydrothermique-ecologique", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "ww2.sig-ge.ch", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-e3df02900293c086", "clm-8394fad0985ebec8", "clm-8eaefb055011570c", "clm-286ea7ed98e2e383", "clm-2137f63874c6db2f", "clm-e6f2db2fd0955e12" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "SIG's own account of the GeniLac deployment. Source for the two loops and their reach, the 80% reductions, the 2045 projection, the delivered 2021 output (33 GWh of cooling and heat, nearly 30% up on 2020) and the 68 customers then connected, and for the prehistory: 'GLN, Genève-Lac-Nations, est né en 2008, composé d'une station de pompage au bord du lac et d'un réseau de 5 km', with UN Geneva connecting first in 2009 and the WHO, ITU, WTO and WMO following. The page carries no date of its own; its content describes 2022. 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Gives the cost with a dollar equivalent — 'A CHF800 million ($805 million) new pumping station is under construction north of Geneva as part of the Genilac project' — attaching the figure to the pumping station rather than the whole network. Its separate 80% cooling figure refers to a hotel in Lucerne, not to GeniLac.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-f5ce48a071f0be05", "title": "Geneva Solutions (press)", "url": "https://genevasolutions.news/climate-environment/when-water-from-lake-geneva-becomes-the-air-conditioning-of-tomorrow", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "genevasolutions.news", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-e3df02900293c086", "clm-8394fad0985ebec8", "clm-286ea7ed98e2e383", "clm-2137f63874c6db2f", "clm-e6f2db2fd0955e12", "clm-e7119af58afc41a6" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2022-08-05", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Published 5 August 2022, from a Heidi.news site visit. Source for the 30 km extent, the Vengeron pumping station, pipes submerged at 45 metres drawing water at about 7 degrees, the 68 customers, and two figures worth keeping apart from SIG's: 'The project is expected to be completed by 2024 for a total outlay of around CHF 800 million.'", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-3f3c0ddf3002dd9a", "title": "SIG — reseau GeniLac (authority)", "url": "https://ww2.sig-ge.ch/entreprises/offres-energies/thermique-renouvelable/reseau_genilac", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "ww2.sig-ge.ch", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "background", "claimRefs": [], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-27", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Official GeniLac page by the Geneva utility SIG. The page states no publication date.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 7, "claimsMapped": 7, "sourcesTotal": 4, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 2, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 2, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } } ] }