{ "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0", "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z", "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.", "entity": { "type": "project", "id": "dublin-noise-monitoring", "title": "Dublin Ambient Sound Monitoring Network: Measuring Noise Without a Limit", "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/dublin-noise-monitoring/" }, "currentRevisionId": "2026-09-25-baseline", "revisions": [ { "id": "2026-09-25-baseline", "createdAt": "2026-09-25T10:04:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-09-25", "changeType": "baseline", "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 19 claims and 8 source dossiers.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "add", "path": "/evidencePassport", "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers." }, { "operation": "add", "path": "/revisionHistory", "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:94320e3766f5f67d8084268d07b44486a9708301a6d87a2f6b2164fc7682ebc7", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-09-25", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:116d30e48b1a9d48fa7028647f6af0b2147678ed73c19c515b5ef079496e1a47", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "live", "outcome": "ongoing", "evidenceGrade": "official", "timeline": { "started": 2009, "ended": null } }, "governance": { "operator": "Dublin City Council (air quality monitoring and noise control); hardware manufactured and network maintained by Sonitus Systems", "actorTypes": [ "city-government", "private" ], "fundingModel": null, "fundingDescription": null, "cost": null, "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-7c401577d2933754", "field": "snippet", "text": "began installing a permanent ambient sound monitoring network in 2009", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-9c084aef5f7ec719" ], "supportNote": "The 2010 annual report: 'Dublin City Council commenced the installation of a permanent ambient sound monitoring network in 2009.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-b9ff427f8e396bc7", "field": "snippet", "text": "had eleven locations running by 2010", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-9c084aef5f7ec719" ], "supportNote": "The 2010 report: 'The network currently consists of eleven monitoring locations', listing them from Ashtown to Chancery Park, the monitor added in 2010.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-9ba087f14771babc", "field": "snippet", "text": "it now reports monitoring stations at 14 sites across the city", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-cfdef7cbcadda141", "src-eb5e7c658abdf6e8" ], "supportNote": "The council's page: 'Dublin City Council has established noise monitoring stations as 14 sites throughout the city.' The Dublin Inquirer in 2019 also describes 'one of the 14 monitors the ASMN uses'.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-ac158e4e4e6484be", "field": "snippet", "text": "The monitors log sound continuously in five-minute periods", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-9c084aef5f7ec719", "src-968e57f37edf4cc3" ], "supportNote": "The 2010 report: 'The monitoring network measures continuously, 5 minute parcels of sound right throughout the year.' The dataset page: 'The sound level meters store continuous 5 minute sound pressure levels'.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-0ae9fbc30d4f3d05", "field": "snippet", "text": "are deliberately kept away from kerbside traffic, so that no single source dominates", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-cfdef7cbcadda141", "src-9c084aef5f7ec719" ], "supportNote": "The council's page: 'The sites were selected, as far as possible, so that no one sound source (traffic, for instance) dominates over every other sound. For this reason, sound monitors are not placed at kerbside locations beside heavy flows of traffic.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4d495a1a138d7524", "field": "snippet", "text": "Sonitus Systems manufactures the hardware and maintains the network", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2dbf55ded0622954" ], "supportNote": "The supplier's own statement: 'The noise monitoring hardware is manufactured and the network maintained by Sonitus Systems.'", "caveat": "This is the supplier's own account; the council's pages do not describe the maintenance contract.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4bfc938f1720b6ed", "field": "snippet", "text": "the readings have been public online since at least 2016", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-990f46716ea7196d" ], "supportNote": "Smart Dublin's page of 2 March 2016 invites visitors to 'View live readings from sound level monitors' and links the council's noise website.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-c431ade137048562", "field": "snippet", "text": "on a joint air-and-noise portal since 2020", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-2dbf55ded0622954" ], "supportNote": "The supplier's post of 6 March 2020 announces the newly launched dublincityairandnoise.ie, providing 'ongoing, real time public access to Dublin City Council's air quality and sound level monitoring network'.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-d1a63cb478c53040", "field": "snippet", "text": "through an open API under a CC BY 4.0 licence", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-5fa3e46dfa62374a" ], "supportNote": "The national portal lists Dublin City Council's API, which 'also provides access to Dublin City Council's network of environmental sound level monitors', licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-2084372cee69fb9e", "field": "impact", "text": "The readings trigger nothing.", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-9c084aef5f7ec719", "src-0f537f3530a57768", "src-eb5e7c658abdf6e8" ], "supportNote": "None of the council's sources describes a threshold that sets off any action. The 2010 report states there are no statutory limits for ambient sound; the portal says the information 'is used to generate plans for reducing noise exposure and for making better environmental policy decisions'; and the council's noise official told councillors the monitors track 'the on-going, ambient mix of sound', not nuisance noise.", "caveat": "This describes the monitoring network; noise nuisance complaints are handled through a separate council process.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-430547f37703bf8a", "field": "impact", "text": "The council's own 2010 report notes there are no legally binding statutory limits for ambient sound levels", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-9c084aef5f7ec719" ], "supportNote": "The 2010 report: 'There are no legally binding statutory limits for ambient sound levels, similar to currently existing air quality standards. However the levels outlined below are used for guidance and comparison purposes.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-ac4a3354a2042355", "field": "impact", "text": "as a check on the strategic noise maps", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-968e57f37edf4cc3" ], "supportNote": "The dataset page: 'The sound monitoring network helps to validate the noise mapping grid dataset'.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-c361be4cc70fcc18", "field": "impact", "text": "as input to plans for reducing noise exposure", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-0f537f3530a57768" ], "supportNote": "The portal: 'This information is used to generate plans for reducing noise exposure and for making better environmental policy decisons.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-5aa2884e51053f61", "field": "impact", "text": "average ambient levels rising four decibels between 2012 and 2018 — daytime from 57 to 61 decibels, night-time from 52 to 56", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-eb5e7c658abdf6e8" ], "supportNote": "The Inquirer: 'The average ambient sound levels across the city's whole sound-monitoring network increased four decibels between 2012 and 2018. Daytime levels have gone from an average of 57 decibels to an average of 61 decibels during that time, and night-time levels have increased from 52 to 56 decibels.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-be563d732a3e96e4", "field": "impact", "text": "the council's noise official attributed part of the rise to weather and said most sites had been reasonably consistent over five years", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-eb5e7c658abdf6e8" ], "supportNote": "The Inquirer quotes the council's Brian McManus: 'Our feeling is that increase is partly due to different weather conditions', and reports that when that is stripped out, most sites have been reasonably consistent over the last five years.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-921ce80f9b2e7f1c", "field": "lesson", "text": "A network sited so that no one source dominates is built to describe a city's overall soundscape", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-9c084aef5f7ec719", "src-cfdef7cbcadda141" ], "supportNote": "The 2010 report: 'The aim is to measure total ambient sound without one source dominating another'; the council's page says sites were chosen so that no one sound source dominates.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-f29bdbca87407b9e", "field": "lesson", "text": "low-noise stone mastic asphalt on 41 percent of the council's 2018 resurfacing", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-eb5e7c658abdf6e8" ], "supportNote": "The Inquirer: the Noise Action Plan 2018–2023 contains a commitment to low-noise road surfaces, 'And out of all the council's road surfacing last year, 41 percent was with a particular kind of low-noise road surface – stone mastic asphalt.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-554c024f24850f86", "field": "lesson", "text": "a sound assessment that found no decibel reduction when speeds fell from 50 to 30 km/h", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-eb5e7c658abdf6e8" ], "supportNote": "The Inquirer reports McManus saying 'a sound assessment before by-laws reducing speed, didn't find any reduction in decibel levels when the speeds went from 50 to 30 kph.'", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-0cd3c42821f131cd", "field": "lesson", "text": "came through the noise action plan and separate studies", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-eb5e7c658abdf6e8" ], "supportNote": "The Inquirer attributes the low-noise surfacing to a commitment in the Noise Action Plan 2018–2023 and the speed finding to a separate sound assessment carried out before speed by-laws.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-cfdef7cbcadda141", "title": "Dublin City Council, near real-time noise monitoring page (operator)", "url": "https://www.dublincity.ie/environment-and-climate-action/controlling-noise-pollution/near-real-time-noise-monitoring-dublin-city", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dublincity.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-9ba087f14771babc", "clm-0ae9fbc30d4f3d05", "clm-921ce80f9b2e7f1c" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The council's standing page: noise monitoring stations at 14 sites throughout the city, near real-time access through dublincityairandnoise.ie, and sites chosen so that no one sound source dominates — monitors are not placed kerbside beside heavy traffic.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-9c084aef5f7ec719", "title": "Dublin City Council, Ambient Sound Monitoring Network annual report for 2010 (operator)", "url": "https://www.dublincity.ie/sites/default/files/media/file-uploads/2018-07/AMBIENT_SOUND_MONITORING_NETWORK_ANNUAL_REPORT_2010.pdf", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dublincity.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "pdf", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-7c401577d2933754", "clm-b9ff427f8e396bc7", "clm-ac158e4e4e6484be", "clm-0ae9fbc30d4f3d05", "clm-2084372cee69fb9e", "clm-430547f37703bf8a", "clm-921ce80f9b2e7f1c" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Second annual report of the network, by the council's Traffic Noise & Air Quality Unit: installation of a permanent network began in 2009, a Chancery Park monitor was added in 2010, the network then had eleven locations, sound is measured continuously in five-minute periods, and Ireland had no legally binding statutory limits for ambient sound levels — the guideline values are for guidance and comparison.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-2dbf55ded0622954", "title": "Sonitus Systems, Dublin air and noise portal launch (vendor)", "url": "https://www.sonitussystems.com/insights/dublin-city-council-gives-noise-and-air-quality-insights/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "sonitussystems.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-4d495a1a138d7524", "clm-c431ade137048562" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2020-03-06", "updatedAt": "2022-04-04", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The supplier's account of the launch of dublincityairandnoise.ie, built on its Sonitus Cloud platform. It states that the noise monitoring hardware is manufactured and the network maintained by Sonitus Systems, and that Dublin City Council was its first customer more than 12 years earlier.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-990f46716ea7196d", "title": "Smart Dublin, Dublin City Noise (city programme)", "url": "https://smartdublin.ie/dublin-city-noise/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "smartdublin.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-4bfc938f1720b6ed" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2016-03-02", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Smart Dublin's page on Dublin City Noise: live readings from sound level monitors, trends and location comparisons, colour-coded data searchable by day, month and location, an API for developers, and a website managed by Sonitus Systems.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-5fa3e46dfa62374a", "title": "data.gov.ie, Noise and Air Quality Monitoring API DCC (national open-data portal)", "url": "https://data.gov.ie/dataset/sonitus", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "data.gov.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-d1a63cb478c53040" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2022-06-14", "updatedAt": "2025-04-15", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Dublin City Council's dataset entry for an API giving continuous real-time and historic readings from its air quality stations and its network of environmental sound level monitors, licensed Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-968e57f37edf4cc3", "title": "data.gov.ie, Ambient Sound Monitoring Network DCC dataset (national open-data portal)", "url": "https://data.gov.ie/dataset/ambient-sound-monitoring-network", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "data.gov.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-ac158e4e4e6484be", "clm-ac4a3354a2042355" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2017-12-20", "updatedAt": "2021-10-21", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Archived spreadsheets from the council's sound monitors covering 2010 to 2017, under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. States that the sound level meters store continuous five-minute sound pressure levels and that the network helps to validate the noise mapping grid dataset.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-0f537f3530a57768", "title": "Dublin City Air & Noise, Dublin Noise Management (operator portal)", "url": "https://dublincityairandnoise.ie/information/dublin-noise-management", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dublincityairandnoise.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-2084372cee69fb9e", "clm-c361be4cc70fcc18" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The public portal's explanation of the network: monitors placed where they are of value to the community or indicate levels from major sources, sound measured 24 hours a day, and the information used to generate plans for reducing noise exposure and for environmental policy decisions.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-eb5e7c658abdf6e8", "title": "Dublin Inquirer, Dublin Is Getting Noisier (media)", "url": "https://www.dublininquirer.com/dublin-is-getting-noisier-monitoring-data-shows/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dublininquirer.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-9ba087f14771babc", "clm-2084372cee69fb9e", "clm-5aa2884e51053f61", "clm-be563d732a3e96e4", "clm-f29bdbca87407b9e", "clm-554c024f24850f86", "clm-0cd3c42821f131cd" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2019-05-08", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Report on figures from the council's Ambient Sound Monitoring Network: 14 monitors, average levels up four decibels between 2012 and 2018, the council's noise official attributing part of it to weather, the monitors tracking ambient rather than nuisance noise, 41 percent of 2018 resurfacing in low-noise stone mastic asphalt, and a sound assessment finding no decibel reduction when speeds fell from 50 to 30 km/h.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 19, "claimsMapped": 19, "sourcesTotal": 8, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 8, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 5, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } } ] }