{ "schemaVersion": "1.0.0", "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0", "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z", "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.", "entity": { "type": "project", "id": "dublin-air-quality-mapping", "title": "Dublin Project Air View: Street-by-Street Air Quality Mapping", "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/dublin-air-quality-mapping/" }, "currentRevisionId": "2026-09-25-baseline", "revisions": [ { "id": "2026-09-25-baseline", "createdAt": "2026-09-25T10:08:00Z", "effectiveAt": "2026-09-25", "changeType": "baseline", "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 14 claims and 7 source dossiers.", "preparedBy": { "type": "automation", "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation", "humanApproved": false }, "review": { "status": "unreviewed", "by": null, "date": null, "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither." }, "changes": [ { "operation": "add", "path": "/evidencePassport", "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers." }, { "operation": "add", "path": "/revisionHistory", "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision." } ], "snapshotHash": "sha256:7c6905febb3dd74d4904f6abc1006500db80ab3ea4a38172e34a83d632d1978f", "snapshot": { "asOf": "2026-09-25", "projectFingerprint": "sha256:68272228591b3e600cc050e5d4ab405e3e3da39c91f8dce6c2b8cf566b409ce1", "assurance": { "status": "unreviewed", "scope": "evidence-passport-revision", "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.", "machineChecks": [ "schema", "publication-diff-contract", "material-project-fingerprint", "claim-text-drift", "source-reference-resolution", "complete-source-dossier", "snapshot-hash" ] }, "projectState": { "status": "completed", "outcome": "succeeded", "evidenceGrade": "peer-reviewed", "timeline": { "started": 2021, "ended": 2022 } }, "governance": { "operator": "Dublin City Council (Smart Dublin) with Google; sensor platform by Aclima", "actorTypes": [ "city-government", "private", "research" ], "fundingModel": null, "fundingDescription": null, "cost": null, "ownership": null, "decisionRights": null, "exitConditions": null }, "claims": [ { "id": "clm-2cf660d6b3a32f7c", "field": "snippet", "text": "From May 2021 to August 2022 Google's first electric Street View car, fitted with Aclima's mobile sensing platform, drove Dublin City's streets for Dublin City Council's Smart Dublin programme", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-5c40fb3d53f95d29", "src-bcc132dc7653da6e", "src-9e916cbf0ec1383a" ], "supportNote": "The dataset record dates the driving from May 2021 through August 2022; the council's launch post names Google's first electric Street View car with Aclima's platform, delivered with the Smart Dublin programme; the supplier's post confirms the May 2021 launch.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-8480fe8fa7893918", "field": "snippet", "text": "measuring six pollutants — PM2.5, NO, NO2, CO, CO2 and ozone — every second", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-5c40fb3d53f95d29" ], "supportNote": "The dataset record lists the six pollutants and states the car measured pollution at 1-second intervals.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-0c7e5d3f48cc3e8d", "field": "snippet", "text": "The council reports over 50 million measurements at 5 million locations over more than 30,000 km", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-bcc132dc7653da6e" ], "supportNote": "Stated by the Lord Mayor in the council's launch post.", "caveat": "These are the council's own figures, not an independent count.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-3de4dd8150a2ec8e", "field": "snippet", "text": "with every street covered at least six times", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-ccc462af2403641c" ], "supportNote": "The council's principal environmental health officer told The Irish Times the car went down every street at least six times, a median of 14.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-19aa46c089e37b8d", "field": "snippet", "text": "It complements, not replaces, the fixed reference network the council runs with the Environmental Protection Agency", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-ccc462af2403641c", "src-5de04ea581f0b2f5" ], "supportNote": "The officer says the project is not trying to supplant the network run with the EPA; the council's real-time page describes the national stations managed with the EPA.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-fa3964d6ebbd9b0c", "field": "snippet", "text": "In February 2023 the council published the street-by-street maps on Google's Environmental Insights Explorer and the raw data under CC BY 4.0", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-bcc132dc7653da6e", "src-5c40fb3d53f95d29" ], "supportNote": "The launch post says all data is available on Google's Environmental Insights Explorer and Smart Dublin's open data platform; the dataset record states the CC BY 4.0 licence.", "caveat": "The dataset record on the national portal is dated January 2023, a few weeks before the launch event.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-540623f6c661cdde", "field": "impact", "text": "The regional air quality plan, prepared after a 2019 NO2 limit breach at St. Johns Road West, gave the campaign a citizen-engagement role: its action was a public dashboard of the results", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d1f75605fe7e457e" ], "supportNote": "The plan was prepared because of the 2019 exceedance at St. Johns Road West; under Measure 12, Air Quality – Citizen Engagement, its action is for Dublin City Council to establish a public dashboard on the Airview results.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-d747f7a04dd0ef1a", "field": "impact", "text": "At the launch the council's principal environmental health officer said construction sites showed up as PM2.5 spots and that, with the planning department, the council was putting very strict restrictions on housekeeping there", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-ccc462af2403641c" ], "supportNote": "Quoted from the officer: large development sites show spots of elevated PM2.5 along their roads, and the council with its planning colleagues is putting very strict restrictions on construction-site housekeeping.", "caveat": "The officer's statement does not say how many sites were affected or whether the restrictions were new.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-5f08bf1686694d8a", "field": "impact", "text": "A peer-reviewed UCD and DCU analysis of one year of the drives found NO2 above the WHO 24-hour guideline on 49.4% of the sampling time", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-1f0bb2c315ea7857" ], "supportNote": "The study covers 6 May 2021 to 6 May 2022 and reports NO2 exceeding the WHO 24-hour guideline in 49.4% of the one-year sampling time.", "caveat": "The drives ran on weekdays in daytime, so the share describes daytime weekday conditions, not the full day.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-82647d3f46cce635", "field": "impact", "text": "hotspots along the quays, O'Connell Street and Cork Street, and concluded that traffic is the dominant local contributor", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-1f0bb2c315ea7857" ], "supportNote": "The study maps NO2 and PM2.5 hotspots and states that highly polluted days account for 56.3% of total NO2, highlighting local traffic as the dominant contributor to short-term NO2; the named streets come from the university's hotspot analysis.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-4f2229b809889c84", "field": "impact", "text": "No traffic measure has been documented as following from the maps", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d1f75605fe7e457e", "src-ccc462af2403641c", "src-bcc132dc7653da6e" ], "supportNote": "None of the listed sources names a traffic or road measure taken on the basis of the Air View maps; the plan assigns the project to citizen engagement and the launch statements speak of informing future policy.", "caveat": "This is an absence in the sources consulted, not proof that the data was never used.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-c2f8782d2e46fa8b", "field": "lesson", "text": "A mobile campaign turns a handful of fixed stations into a street-level picture, and Dublin opened all of it", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-ccc462af2403641c", "src-5c40fb3d53f95d29" ], "supportNote": "The officer contrasts the fixed stations with street-level detail; the whole dataset is published under an open licence.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-47cca1b78361f451", "field": "lesson", "text": "the plan that commissioned it assigned it to citizen engagement, and the only acted-on finding named at launch was building-site dust", "statementKind": "descriptive", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-d1f75605fe7e457e", "src-ccc462af2403641c" ], "supportNote": "The plan lists Airview under Measure 12, Citizen Engagement; the construction-site restrictions are the only action tied to the findings in the launch coverage.", "caveat": "The campaign began before the plan was finalised; the plan adopted it rather than commissioning it from scratch.", "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } }, { "id": "clm-0674fa626ec44951", "field": "lesson", "text": "the traffic NO2 that the independent analysis called urgent needs a lever the map itself does not have", "statementKind": "quantitative", "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record", "mappingStatus": "mapped", "sourceRefs": [ "src-1f0bb2c315ea7857" ], "supportNote": "The study concludes with the urgent need to mitigate traffic NO2 in Dublin.", "caveat": null, "interpretation": { "added": false, "interpolation": false, "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion." } } ], "sources": [ { "id": "src-bcc132dc7653da6e", "title": "Smart Dublin, results launch of 13 February 2023 (operator)", "url": "https://smartdublin.ie/fresh-data-fresh-thinking-google-project-air-view-results/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "smartdublin.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-2cf660d6b3a32f7c", "clm-0c7e5d3f48cc3e8d", "clm-fa3964d6ebbd9b0c", "clm-4f2229b809889c84" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-02-13", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Smart Dublin post of 13 February 2023 announcing the results: 16 months of measurement delivered in partnership with the City Council, with data from Google's first electric Street View car equipped with Aclima's mobile air sensing platform; over 50 million measurements at 5 million locations over more than 30,000 km (Lord Mayor's statement); six pollutants; overall air quality good against EU standards, with elevated NO2 along the Liffey quays; data on Google's Environmental Insights Explorer and Smart Dublin's open data platform, and to be used to inform environmental, climate and planning policy.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-5c40fb3d53f95d29", "title": "Project Air View open dataset, data.gov.ie (operator)", "url": "https://data.gov.ie/dataset/google-airview-data-dublin-city", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "data.gov.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-2cf660d6b3a32f7c", "clm-8480fe8fa7893918", "clm-fa3964d6ebbd9b0c", "clm-c2f8782d2e46fa8b" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-01-24", "updatedAt": "2025-06-19", "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "National open data portal record published by Dublin City Council: driving mainly Monday to Friday 9:00 to 17:00 from May 2021 through August 2022, pollution measured at 1-second intervals, six pollutants, 1-second and roughly 50 m road-segment files, licensed Creative Commons Attribution 4.0, update frequency 'Never'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-ccc462af2403641c", "title": "The Irish Times, 14 February 2023 (media)", "url": "https://www.irishtimes.com/environment/2023/02/14/air-pollution-on-every-dublin-street-mapped-in-16-month-study/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "irishtimes.com", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-3de4dd8150a2ec8e", "clm-19aa46c089e37b8d", "clm-d747f7a04dd0ef1a", "clm-4f2229b809889c84", "clm-c2f8782d2e46fa8b", "clm-47cca1b78361f451" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2023-02-14", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Report on the launch. The council's principal environmental health officer Martin Fitzpatrick says the car went down every street at least six times, a median of 14 times; that the existing network with the EPA monitors at 26 locations and the project complements rather than replaces it; that the maps first show NO2 and PM2.5; and that elevated PM2.5 along roads by large development sites has led the council, with the planning department, to put 'very strict restrictions' on construction-site housekeeping. Notes elevated NO2 on the Liffey quays, Doyle's Corner in Phibsborough and busy approach roads.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-d1f75605fe7e457e", "title": "Dublin Region Air Quality Plan 2021 (official)", "url": "https://www.dublincity.ie/sites/default/files/2021-12/dublin-region-air-quality-plan-2021.pdf", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dublincity.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "pdf", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-540623f6c661cdde", "clm-4f2229b809889c84", "clm-47cca1b78361f451" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Plan of the four Dublin local authorities, signed December 2021, prepared because the annual NO2 limit was exceeded in 2019 at the St. Johns Road West station. Under Measure 12, Air Quality – Citizen Engagement, it describes the Airview project begun in May 2021 through the Dublin smart cities programme and sets the action 'Dublin City Council to establish public dashboard on Airview study results for Dublin City'.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-1f0bb2c315ea7857", "title": "Chen et al., Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2024 (peer-reviewed)", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39254809/", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-5f08bf1686694d8a", "clm-82647d3f46cce635", "clm-0674fa626ec44951" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2024-09-10", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Peer-reviewed study by UCD and DCU researchers of the Google Air View data from 6 May 2021 to 6 May 2022: daytime median NO2 of 28.4 µg/m3 exceeded the WHO 24-hour guideline in 49.4% of the sampling time and PM2.5 in 9%; highly polluted days account for 56.3% of total NO2, identifying local traffic as the dominant contributor to short-term NO2; hotspot mapping; the authors call for urgent mitigation of traffic NO2 in Dublin.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-9e916cbf0ec1383a", "title": "Aclima, Dublin launch post of May 2021 (vendor)", "url": "https://aclima.earth/blog/google-air-view-dublin-launch", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "aclima.earth", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-2cf660d6b3a32f7c" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": "2021-05-26", "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "Post by the sensor supplier of 26 May 2021 announcing the Dublin launch: Aclima's measurement technology integrated in Google's first all-electric Street View car, a Jaguar I-PACE, producing hyperlocal air quality insights for Dublin City Council as part of Smart Dublin; Aclima supplies the instrumentation, data and analytics infrastructure.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } }, { "id": "src-5de04ea581f0b2f5", "title": "Dublin City Council, Real-Time Air Quality page (official)", "url": "https://www.dublincity.ie/residential/environment/air-quality-monitoring-and-noise-control-unit/real-time-air-quality-dublin", "publisher": { "name": null, "domain": "dublincity.ie", "classification": "not-classified" }, "sourceType": "web-page", "language": "und", "role": "claim-evidence", "claimRefs": [ "clm-19aa46c089e37b8d" ], "temporal": { "publishedAt": null, "updatedAt": null, "sourceCheckedAt": null, "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-09-25", "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-09-25", "retrievedAt": null, "status": "record-date-only" }, "locator": { "type": "descriptive-source-note", "value": "The council's standing page on its continuous real-time air quality data: stations of the national network managed with the Environmental Protection Agency, stations run by the EPA alone or with partners, and further stations set up by the council for local conditions.", "exact": false }, "preservation": { "archiveUrl": null, "archivedAt": null, "contentHash": null, "status": "not-captured" } } ], "coverage": { "claimsTotal": 14, "claimsMapped": 14, "sourcesTotal": 7, "sourcesUsedByClaims": 7, "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 5, "sourcesWithArchive": 0, "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0, "sourcesWithContentHash": 0 }, "limits": [ "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.", "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.", "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.", "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim." ] } } ] }