{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "copenhagen-led-streetlighting",
  "title": "Copenhagen's LED Streetlight Retrofit & Remote Control Network",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/copenhagen-led-streetlighting/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-27-source-dating",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-20-source-dates",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-20T19:16:27Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-07-23",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 1 claim and 5 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:64c19df626f1829b8e52e022e6a51f87a42d9749faede645054b81d544eb17da",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-07-23",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:0177b95c375333560f22a5de933df0cfce85b15882272cf2b89c735985ef891b",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "succeeded",
     "evidenceGrade": "independent",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2014,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Citelum (contracted by the City of Copenhagen)",
     "actorTypes": [
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "ppp",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": "DKK 266.3M contract",
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-4fc0eec071497b0b",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "Street-lighting energy use cut by roughly 55–57%, meeting the contract's minimum efficiency target",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The impact states the energy-saving figure is independently corroborated by Danish trade press.",
      "caveat": "The vendor-reported figure of about 3,200 tonnes of CO2 saved per year is not independently audited.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-0f194721f8285b36",
      "title": "Københavns Kommune — Teknik- og Miljøudvalget, referat 04.11.2013 (Udskiftning af gadebelysning)",
      "url": "https://www.kk.dk/dagsordener-og-referater/Teknik-%20og%20Milj%C3%B8udvalget/m%C3%B8de-04112013/referat/punkt-19",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "kk.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2013-02-25",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Official city committee minutes approving the Citelum contract: ~20,000 fixtures/~8,000 poles, DKK 266.3m budget, 57% energy-saving requirement with penalty clause.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-790dd993c0151b4b",
      "title": "Ingeniøren — \"København køber LED-gadelamper for en kvart milliard\"",
      "url": "https://ing.dk/artikel/koebenhavn-koeber-led-gadelamper-en-kvart-milliard",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "ing.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-4fc0eec071497b0b"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2014-03-03",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Independent Danish engineering trade press: tender details, penalty clause, cycling-responsive dimming.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260117050348/https://ing.dk/artikel/koebenhavn-koeber-led-gadelamper-en-kvart-milliard",
       "archivedAt": "2026-01-17",
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "archive-linked"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-def54613181b0eb3",
      "title": "Energy Supply — \"Ny aftale om gadebelysning til 250 mio. kr. i København\"",
      "url": "https://www.energy-supply.dk/article/view/114505/ny_aftale_om_gadebelysning_til_250_mio_kr_i_kobenhavn",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "energy-supply.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2013-10-23",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Independent Danish energy trade press: contract scope, cost, ~50% energy/CO2 reduction.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-4ffc629e696d1ff1",
      "title": "Citelum — Copenhagen reference case study",
      "url": "https://www.citelum.com/reference/copenhagen/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "citelum.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator's own case study: central management platform, remote dimming/scheduling, CO2/energy savings (vendor-reported).",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-890a4f8abb3843e9",
      "title": "Thorn Lighting — Road Lighting Solution for Copenhagen",
      "url": "https://www.thornlighting.com/en/solutions/case-studies/smart-city/road-lighting-solution-for-copenhagen",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "thornlighting.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "LED lantern manufacturer case study: light-point counts, communication-network rollout timeline.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 1,
     "claimsMapped": 1,
     "sourcesTotal": 5,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 1,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 3,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 1,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-26-claim-mapping",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-26T21:00:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-07-23",
   "changeType": "update",
   "summary": "Added a nine-claim evidence mapping and a sourced lesson; corrected the committee minutes' date from 2013-02-25, which is a meeting the minutes merely refer to, to the meeting they record on 2013-11-04; separated the contractually guaranteed 57 per cent saving from the more-than-55 per cent the city later claimed, recorded the city's own note that the saving since 2010 comes from two programmes, and moved the evidence grade from independent to official because every figure is the city's own.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectState",
     "summary": "Updated projectState to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/claims",
     "summary": "Updated claims to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/sources",
     "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:c1a772bfc5f2e3fcc08a568dd3b4f5ade907a13f01ac87d5380ed6ea31456c72",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-07-23",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:b7353549383c6f756cb1948f67c7d2aabb1acbf8ed46fb99d1b934b2ac94d97b",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "succeeded",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2014,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Citelum (contracted by the City of Copenhagen)",
     "actorTypes": [
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "ppp",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": "DKK 266.3M contract",
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-f7c82024f4a5d787",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Copenhagen replaced about 20,000 streetlights and 8,000 poles — roughly half the city's stock — with LED lanterns under a DKK 266.3m Citelum contract approved in November 2013 and carried out from 2014",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36",
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The committee minutes set out the scope, the budget and the timetable; the trade press covers the tender.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-4de7bb3ac2291a34",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The contract obliged the consortium to guarantee an energy saving, with a penalty clause behind it",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36",
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The minutes state that the contract requires the winning consortium to guarantee an energy saving; the trade report describes the penalty clause attached to it.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-b4c32b2dc320a293",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "A wireless network lets the city remotely dim, schedule and monitor each lamp, brightening for approaching cyclists",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b",
       "src-4ffc629e696d1ff1",
       "src-890a4f8abb3843e9"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The trade report describes the cycling-responsive dimming; the operator and the lantern manufacturer describe the central management platform and the communication network.",
      "caveat": "The platform description comes from the operator's and the manufacturer's own case studies.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-967cbdea35d181c7",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "the renewal replaced the switch cabinets outright, which the city called a precondition for controlling the lighting intelligently at all",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The minutes state that the lighting solution involves a complete replacement of the switch cabinets and that this is a precondition for the municipality using more intelligent control of road lighting in future.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-381c8d64225577a3",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "The city's technical department said in 2017 that street lighting was using more than 55 per cent less energy than in 2010, with the new lanterns 70-80 per cent more efficient than the ones they replaced, and put the annual electricity saving from the renewal at DKK 12.8m",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-8a7e277ad6f17ee2"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The 2017 report quotes the city's centre head on all three figures.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-1d0041bb95cc3364",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "the city's own papers attribute the saving since 2010 to two programmes — the Citelum contract and a separate DKK 55m appropriation from 2011",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The minutes state in as many words that the total electricity saving on street lighting since 2010 comes from two sources: the new Citelum contract and a DKK 55m appropriation set aside by the committee in April 2011.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-fcc79220ba9b0c5f",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "the 57 per cent that circulates with this project is the reduction the contract obliged the consortium to guarantee by 2016, not an independently measured result",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The 57 per cent appears in the 2013 minutes as what the guaranteed saving secures — a reduction from 19.5 GW in 2010 to 8.3 GW in 2016 — three years before the endpoint it describes.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-dbc91297de525a63",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "The 57 per cent in the 2013 committee papers is what the winning consortium was contractually required to guarantee, with a penalty clause behind it",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36",
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The minutes tie the 57 per cent to the consortium's guarantee; the trade report describes the penalty clause.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-25e8fe36297ad13f",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "the more-than-55 per cent the city quoted in 2017 is what it says it achieved against 2010",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-8a7e277ad6f17ee2"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The 2017 quotation is the city's own statement of what it saves compared with 2010.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-0f194721f8285b36",
      "title": "Københavns Kommune — Teknik- og Miljøudvalget, referat 04.11.2013 (Udskiftning af gadebelysning)",
      "url": "https://www.kk.dk/dagsordener-og-referater/Teknik-%20og%20Milj%C3%B8udvalget/m%C3%B8de-04112013/referat/punkt-19",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "kk.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-f7c82024f4a5d787",
       "clm-4de7bb3ac2291a34",
       "clm-967cbdea35d181c7",
       "clm-1d0041bb95cc3364",
       "clm-fcc79220ba9b0c5f",
       "clm-dbc91297de525a63"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2013-11-04",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Minutes of the Technical and Environmental Committee meeting of 4 November 2013 approving the Citelum contract: about 20,000 lanterns and 8,000 poles over 2014-15, a DKK 266.3m budget across 2013-15, a guaranteed energy saving of about 57 per cent by 2016 with a penalty clause, and an explicit note that the total saving since 2010 comes from two sources — this contract and a separate DKK 55m appropriation made in April 2011.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-790dd993c0151b4b",
      "title": "Ingeniøren — \"København køber LED-gadelamper for en kvart milliard\"",
      "url": "https://ing.dk/artikel/koebenhavn-koeber-led-gadelamper-en-kvart-milliard",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "ing.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-f7c82024f4a5d787",
       "clm-4de7bb3ac2291a34",
       "clm-b4c32b2dc320a293",
       "clm-dbc91297de525a63"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2014-03-03",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Independent Danish engineering trade press: tender details, penalty clause, cycling-responsive dimming.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260117050348/https://ing.dk/artikel/koebenhavn-koeber-led-gadelamper-en-kvart-milliard",
       "archivedAt": "2026-01-17",
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "archive-linked"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-def54613181b0eb3",
      "title": "Energy Supply — \"Ny aftale om gadebelysning til 250 mio. kr. i København\"",
      "url": "https://www.energy-supply.dk/article/view/114505/ny_aftale_om_gadebelysning_til_250_mio_kr_i_kobenhavn",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "energy-supply.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2013-10-23",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Independent Danish energy trade press: contract scope, cost, ~50% energy/CO2 reduction.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-4ffc629e696d1ff1",
      "title": "Citelum — Copenhagen reference case study",
      "url": "https://www.citelum.com/reference/copenhagen/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "citelum.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-b4c32b2dc320a293"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator's own case study: central management platform, remote dimming/scheduling, CO2/energy savings (vendor-reported).",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-890a4f8abb3843e9",
      "title": "Thorn Lighting — Road Lighting Solution for Copenhagen",
      "url": "https://www.thornlighting.com/en/solutions/case-studies/smart-city/road-lighting-solution-for-copenhagen",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "thornlighting.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-b4c32b2dc320a293"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "LED lantern manufacturer case study: light-point counts, communication-network rollout timeline.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-8a7e277ad6f17ee2",
      "title": "Ingeniøren — \"Københavns Kommune: Stor fortjeneste ved LED-lys på gaderne\" (27 May 2017)",
      "url": "https://ing.dk/artikel/koebenhavns-kommune-stor-fortjeneste-ved-led-lys-paa-gaderne",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "ing.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-381c8d64225577a3",
       "clm-25e8fe36297ad13f"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2017-05-27",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Danish engineering trade press after completion, quoting the city's centre head Steffen Rasmussen: street lighting uses more than 55 per cent less energy than in 2010, the new lanterns are 70-80 per cent more efficient than their predecessors, and the 19,000-lantern renewal is estimated to save DKK 12.8m a year in electricity. The figures are the city's own, carried by an independent outlet.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 9,
     "claimsMapped": 9,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 5,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 4,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 1,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  },
  {
   "id": "2026-08-27-source-dating",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-27T13:37:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-07-23",
   "changeType": "correction",
   "summary": "Every source on this entry now carries a date key: a publication date where the publisher states one, otherwise an explicit null with the reason on the record.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/projectFingerprint",
     "summary": "Updated projectFingerprint to the current sourced project record."
    },
    {
     "operation": "replace",
     "path": "/snapshot/sources",
     "summary": "Updated sources to the current sourced project record."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:e2c6fa53b3fd9a9de5b6aaa13fb76c67e48c9055eac5842a2d54a494ccc0284e",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-07-23",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:392eec213fc03feb69cfdd525046458bb2a730572801a26cc723e5abbf8904c6",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "succeeded",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2014,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Citelum (contracted by the City of Copenhagen)",
     "actorTypes": [
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "ppp",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": "DKK 266.3M contract",
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-f7c82024f4a5d787",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Copenhagen replaced about 20,000 streetlights and 8,000 poles — roughly half the city's stock — with LED lanterns under a DKK 266.3m Citelum contract approved in November 2013 and carried out from 2014",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36",
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The committee minutes set out the scope, the budget and the timetable; the trade press covers the tender.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-4de7bb3ac2291a34",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The contract obliged the consortium to guarantee an energy saving, with a penalty clause behind it",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36",
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The minutes state that the contract requires the winning consortium to guarantee an energy saving; the trade report describes the penalty clause attached to it.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-b4c32b2dc320a293",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "A wireless network lets the city remotely dim, schedule and monitor each lamp, brightening for approaching cyclists",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b",
       "src-4ffc629e696d1ff1",
       "src-890a4f8abb3843e9"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The trade report describes the cycling-responsive dimming; the operator and the lantern manufacturer describe the central management platform and the communication network.",
      "caveat": "The platform description comes from the operator's and the manufacturer's own case studies.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-967cbdea35d181c7",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "the renewal replaced the switch cabinets outright, which the city called a precondition for controlling the lighting intelligently at all",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The minutes state that the lighting solution involves a complete replacement of the switch cabinets and that this is a precondition for the municipality using more intelligent control of road lighting in future.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-381c8d64225577a3",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "The city's technical department said in 2017 that street lighting was using more than 55 per cent less energy than in 2010, with the new lanterns 70-80 per cent more efficient than the ones they replaced, and put the annual electricity saving from the renewal at DKK 12.8m",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-8a7e277ad6f17ee2"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The 2017 report quotes the city's centre head on all three figures.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-1d0041bb95cc3364",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "the city's own papers attribute the saving since 2010 to two programmes — the Citelum contract and a separate DKK 55m appropriation from 2011",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The minutes state in as many words that the total electricity saving on street lighting since 2010 comes from two sources: the new Citelum contract and a DKK 55m appropriation set aside by the committee in April 2011.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-fcc79220ba9b0c5f",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "the 57 per cent that circulates with this project is the reduction the contract obliged the consortium to guarantee by 2016, not an independently measured result",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The 57 per cent appears in the 2013 minutes as what the guaranteed saving secures — a reduction from 19.5 GW in 2010 to 8.3 GW in 2016 — three years before the endpoint it describes.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-dbc91297de525a63",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "The 57 per cent in the 2013 committee papers is what the winning consortium was contractually required to guarantee, with a penalty clause behind it",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f194721f8285b36",
       "src-790dd993c0151b4b"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The minutes tie the 57 per cent to the consortium's guarantee; the trade report describes the penalty clause.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-25e8fe36297ad13f",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "the more-than-55 per cent the city quoted in 2017 is what it says it achieved against 2010",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-8a7e277ad6f17ee2"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The 2017 quotation is the city's own statement of what it saves compared with 2010.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-0f194721f8285b36",
      "title": "Københavns Kommune — Teknik- og Miljøudvalget, referat 04.11.2013 (Udskiftning af gadebelysning)",
      "url": "https://www.kk.dk/dagsordener-og-referater/Teknik-%20og%20Milj%C3%B8udvalget/m%C3%B8de-04112013/referat/punkt-19",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "kk.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-f7c82024f4a5d787",
       "clm-4de7bb3ac2291a34",
       "clm-967cbdea35d181c7",
       "clm-1d0041bb95cc3364",
       "clm-fcc79220ba9b0c5f",
       "clm-dbc91297de525a63"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2013-11-04",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Minutes of the Technical and Environmental Committee meeting of 4 November 2013 approving the Citelum contract: about 20,000 lanterns and 8,000 poles over 2014-15, a DKK 266.3m budget across 2013-15, a guaranteed energy saving of about 57 per cent by 2016 with a penalty clause, and an explicit note that the total saving since 2010 comes from two sources — this contract and a separate DKK 55m appropriation made in April 2011.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-790dd993c0151b4b",
      "title": "Ingeniøren — \"København køber LED-gadelamper for en kvart milliard\"",
      "url": "https://ing.dk/artikel/koebenhavn-koeber-led-gadelamper-en-kvart-milliard",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "ing.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-f7c82024f4a5d787",
       "clm-4de7bb3ac2291a34",
       "clm-b4c32b2dc320a293",
       "clm-dbc91297de525a63"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2014-03-03",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Independent Danish engineering trade press: tender details, penalty clause, cycling-responsive dimming.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20260117050348/https://ing.dk/artikel/koebenhavn-koeber-led-gadelamper-en-kvart-milliard",
       "archivedAt": "2026-01-17",
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "archive-linked"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-def54613181b0eb3",
      "title": "Energy Supply — \"Ny aftale om gadebelysning til 250 mio. kr. i København\"",
      "url": "https://www.energy-supply.dk/article/view/114505/ny_aftale_om_gadebelysning_til_250_mio_kr_i_kobenhavn",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "energy-supply.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2013-10-23",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Independent Danish energy trade press: contract scope, cost, ~50% energy/CO2 reduction.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-4ffc629e696d1ff1",
      "title": "Citelum — Copenhagen reference case study",
      "url": "https://www.citelum.com/reference/copenhagen/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "citelum.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-b4c32b2dc320a293"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator's own case study: central management platform, remote dimming/scheduling, CO2/energy savings (vendor-reported). No publication date is recorded: the page did not answer when this entry was checked.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-890a4f8abb3843e9",
      "title": "Thorn Lighting — Road Lighting Solution for Copenhagen",
      "url": "https://www.thornlighting.com/en/solutions/case-studies/smart-city/road-lighting-solution-for-copenhagen",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "thornlighting.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-b4c32b2dc320a293"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "LED lantern manufacturer case study: light-point counts, communication-network rollout timeline. The page states no publication date.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-8a7e277ad6f17ee2",
      "title": "Ingeniøren — \"Københavns Kommune: Stor fortjeneste ved LED-lys på gaderne\" (27 May 2017)",
      "url": "https://ing.dk/artikel/koebenhavns-kommune-stor-fortjeneste-ved-led-lys-paa-gaderne",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "ing.dk",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-381c8d64225577a3",
       "clm-25e8fe36297ad13f"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2017-05-27",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-23",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-27",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Danish engineering trade press after completion, quoting the city's centre head Steffen Rasmussen: street lighting uses more than 55 per cent less energy than in 2010, the new lanterns are 70-80 per cent more efficient than their predecessors, and the 19,000-lantern renewal is estimated to save DKK 12.8m a year in electricity. The figures are the city's own, carried by an independent outlet.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 9,
     "claimsMapped": 9,
     "sourcesTotal": 6,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 5,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 4,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 1,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}