{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "columbus-smart-operating-system",
  "title": "Smart Columbus Operating System (Open Data Platform)",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/columbus-smart-operating-system/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-20-source-dates",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-20-source-dates",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-20T00:00:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-06",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 1 claim and 5 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:78816b06840a4ec28e940c56d1a0fd6726f3ae11c1d0dfecaa7e6f9939bf116c",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-06",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:c3f71a11a31f4f4fe4afa13532bbf92f9b5a896fdd4e0ec39d33f9b115185c36",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "completed",
     "outcome": "failed",
     "evidenceGrade": "peer-reviewed",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2018,
      "ended": 2021
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Smart Columbus (City of Columbus and the Columbus Partnership)",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "civil-society"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "grant",
     "fundingDescription": "USDOT Smart City Challenge grant",
     "cost": "≈$16M (2016–2021)",
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-26fe93878716ce06",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "it was no longer accessible to the city's stakeholders and citizens as of 2023",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-c2d022c354783789"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The paper states verbatim: \"As of 2023, it is no longer accessible to the city's stakeholders and citizens\" — and separately that the platform \"abruptly stopped being accessible to the public soon after project funding ended in the summer of 2021.\"",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-c2d022c354783789",
      "title": "Frontiers in Sustainable Cities — Building enduring smart city data platforms (peer-reviewed, 2025)",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-cities/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1512847/full",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "frontiersin.org",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-26fe93878716ce06"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-04-02",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-06",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Wolf et al., 2 April 2025. Independent post-mortem: 2,000+ datasets by March 2021; agency awareness low and data requests did not decrease; platform stopped being accessible soon after funding ended in summer 2021 and was still inaccessible as of 2023.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250505185439/https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-cities/articles/10.3389/frsc.2025.1512847/full",
       "archivedAt": "2025-05-05",
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "archive-linked"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-f65fb77c7efcc104",
      "title": "USDOT ITS Deployment Evaluation — SCOS usage benefit record (federal knowledge base)",
      "url": "https://www.itskrs.its.dot.gov/2022-b01672",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "itskrs.its.dot.gov",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-06",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Summarises the program's own final report: 2,018 public + 64 private datasets, 58,784 users, 193,980 page views, 15,569 downloads, 67,529 API queries, 23 Apr 2019 – 31 Mar 2021, measured with Google Analytics.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-dddadb16a88b3426",
      "title": "USDOT ITS Deployment Evaluation — SCOS cost record (federal knowledge base)",
      "url": "http://www.itskrs.its.dot.gov/node/210075",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "itskrs.its.dot.gov",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": null,
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-06",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "$15,958,157 total: $8,038,495 deployment (2016–22 Apr 2019) plus $7,919,662 operations (23 Apr 2019–31 Mar 2021).",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-841e75a981981d3b",
      "title": "Final Report for the Smart Columbus Demonstration Program, June 2021 (operator)",
      "url": "https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6543abac601e3621dd3fe76d/t/68b831a0a40821340f0e5ef2/1756901792549/SCC-J-Program-Final+Report-Final-V2_0.pdf",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "static1.squarespace.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "pdf",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2021-06-15",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-06",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The program's own final report — origin of the cost, dataset and usage figures.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-60ac4ea4c644baa3",
      "title": "Smart Cities World — Columbus unveils smart city operating system (press, May 2018)",
      "url": "https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/news/news/columbus-unveils-smart-city-operating-system-2936",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "smartcitiesworld.net",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2018-05-21",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-06",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-20",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Dates the initial public release to May 2018 with 1,100 data feeds, before the April 2019 version 2.0 relaunch.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 1,
     "claimsMapped": 1,
     "sourcesTotal": 5,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 1,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 3,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 1,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}