{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "bangkok-drainage-telemetry",
  "title": "Bangkok Flood Control Centre: Drainage Telemetry & Street-Level Forecasting",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/bangkok-drainage-telemetry/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-26-p1-quality-uplift",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-26-p1-quality-uplift",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-26T13:00:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-08-26",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 10 claims and 7 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:ee6bfd9220eda7586b7bbb657f58d89666476ec8a208e8289589c72932955da6",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-08-26",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:7fdf40b7f3b1e580010d2d11ee6f5d084f23876a34aecaff365d433777f2ddc9",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2021,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Bangkok Metropolitan Administration — Department of Drainage and Sewerage",
     "actorTypes": [
      "city-government",
      "utility"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-25e521ba92688e09",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Bangkok's drainage department runs two weather radars, a rain-gauge network and canal, river and road level sensors, feeding a flood control centre staffed around the clock and a public site showing water levels and flooded roads",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-66080d864ec2c4c9",
       "src-a76677a4b048cb15"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The department's own division page describes the radar, gauge and level-sensor network and the control centre; the 2017 report describes the public channels on which the centre publishes water levels and flooded roads.",
      "caveat": "Both sources are in Thai; no locator string is recorded because the passages are spread across the pages rather than in one sentence.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-893e4bd623b8474f",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "A Delft-FEWS system built for the city in 2021 forecasts street-level flood depth at four-metre resolution",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-e2e16361bd6769e3"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Deltares' own case description of FEWS-Bangkok sets out the forecasting system it built for the city and the resolution at which it produces street-level flood depth.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-1e12a029649e1b6e",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "a 2024 tie-up with Weathernews adds three-hour rain nowcasts",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-943ce184a72cb2c5"
      ],
      "supportNote": "MGR Online reported on 15 March 2024 that the city launched an AI nowcast service with Weathernews.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-ebd11216b6cb85f0",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "Crews still work the 200 pumping stations, 243 gates and four tunnels themselves; pumping pre-emptively on a forecast is still being studied",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-66080d864ec2c4c9",
       "src-e2e16361bd6769e3"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The department's own division page lists the pumping stations, gates and tunnels and the crews that operate them; Deltares describes pre-emptive pumping on a forecast as still under study.",
      "caveat": "Drawn from a Thai-language department page and an English case description; no single sentence carries the whole claim, so no locator is recorded.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-974b2c7c8264cc71",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "On 3 November 2025, 131.5 mm fell in Lak Si against a 60 mm design capacity and the roads went under anyway",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-6414456d33ddb75f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Nation, 3 November 2025: 'peak rainfall measured at 131.5mm in Lak Si district near the Government Complex on Chaeng Watthana Road', and the governor: 'Bangkok's drainage system is designed to handle up to 60mm of rain. Last night, many areas saw more than double that amount, leading to widespread flooding.'",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-b8ed5e8922655be8",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "on 3 November 2025 it measured 131.5 mm in Lak Si against a system the governor describes as designed for 60 mm an hour, with 116.5 mm at Bang Na and 115.5 mm at Phra Khanong",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-6414456d33ddb75f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Verbatim: 'peak rainfall measured at 131.5mm in Lak Si district', 'Other high rainfall readings were recorded at Bang Na (116.5mm), Phra Khanong (115.5mm), and Khlong Toei (105.5mm)', and the governor's 'Bangkok's drainage system is designed to handle up to 60mm of rain.'",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-e61f98d707d5178b",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "staff worked through the night and most of the water had receded by 10am",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-6414456d33ddb75f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Nation: the governor said city staff worked through the night 'both in front-line and back-office roles', and 'By 10am Monday, most floodwater across Bangkok had receded, though some small lanes remained partially flooded.'",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-06b75fbebd90a6e0",
      "field": "impact",
      "text": "By June 2026 the city put its rainfall drainage capacity at 80 mm an hour and its real-time monitoring at over 300 locations",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-600da3956af256c3"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The Nation, 1 June 2026: 'The city has increased its rainfall drainage capacity from 60mm to 80mm per hour, supported by new flood barriers that are higher than the 2011 peak flood levels', and 'Advanced technology, including real-time monitoring at over 300 locations and weather radar for forecasting, is being used to improve response accuracy.'",
      "caveat": "Both figures are the drainage department's own, stated at a Senate committee seminar; no independent evaluation of the forecasting layer was found for this entry.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-f8c28d66f288cffe",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "Instrumentation buys warning time, not capacity",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-6414456d33ddb75f",
       "src-600da3956af256c3",
       "src-e2e16361bd6769e3"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The 3 November 2025 event is the illustration the sources supply: the network measured the rainfall precisely, the governor could state the design limit it exceeded, and the water still went over the roads. The capacity increase the city reports in June 2026 is physical - bigger tunnels, retention systems, higher barriers - not a product of the sensors.",
      "caveat": null,
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-936ea003c04bc442",
      "field": "lesson",
      "text": "Bangkok can see a storm three hours out and still cannot pump faster than the rain falls",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-943ce184a72cb2c5",
       "src-6414456d33ddb75f"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The three-hour horizon is the nowcast service launched with Weathernews in March 2024; the 3 November 2025 event is the case where the rainfall exceeded the system's stated design capacity regardless.",
      "caveat": "The entry's own reading of the two facts side by side, not a sentence either source writes.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-66080d864ec2c4c9",
      "title": "BMA Department of Drainage and Sewerage — Drainage Information Division (Thai)",
      "url": "https://dds.bangkok.go.th/about2_4.php",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "dds.bangkok.go.th",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Primary: the division's mandate covers operating Bangkok's weather radar, developing the telemetry measurement equipment and running the flood prevention control centre, establishing the city rather than a national agency as operator.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
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       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-05e25928cf02bd10",
      "title": "Bangkok Metropolitan Administration press release, 22 July 2025 (Thai)",
      "url": "https://pr-bangkok.com/?p=509764",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "pr-bangkok.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "background",
      "claimRefs": [],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-07-22",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Supports the counts (4 large tunnels, 200 pumping stations, 243 floodgates, 349 sump wells), 24-hour staffing of pumping stations, coordination centres in all 50 districts, and the three-hour AI rain forecast.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
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       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-e2e16361bd6769e3",
      "title": "Deltares — FEWS-Bangkok case description",
      "url": "https://oss.deltares.nl/web/delft-fews/-/proactive-water-management-system-bangkok-fews-bangkok-",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "oss.deltares.nl",
       "classification": "not-classified"
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      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Supports the 2021 build year, the city as client, street-level flood depth forecasts at four-metre resolution, and the key governance point: using the pumps proactively ahead of events is described as still being investigated.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
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       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-943ce184a72cb2c5",
      "title": "MGR Online — the city launches AI Nowcast with Weathernews, 15 March 2024 (Thai)",
      "url": "https://mgronline.com/qol/detail/9670000023075",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "mgronline.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
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       "clm-936ea003c04bc442"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2024-03-15",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Supports the two city radars at Nong Khaem and Nong Chok, the Weathernews partnership and the three-hour rainfall forecast horizon.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-a76677a4b048cb15",
      "title": "MGR Online — the flood prevention centre's public channels, 6 June 2017 (Thai)",
      "url": "https://mgronline.com/qol/detail/9600000057581",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "mgronline.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-25e521ba92688e09"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2017-06-06",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Supports the public-facing layer: the city weather site and the drainage department site, plus messaging-app and social alerts every 15 minutes on rain, standing water and traffic.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-6414456d33ddb75f",
      "title": "The Nation Thailand — rainfall exceeds drainage capacity, 3 November 2025",
      "url": "https://www.nationthailand.com/thailand/bangkok/40057687",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "nationthailand.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-974b2c7c8264cc71",
       "clm-b8ed5e8922655be8",
       "clm-e61f98d707d5178b",
       "clm-f8c28d66f288cffe",
       "clm-936ea003c04bc442"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2025-11-03",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Counterweight: the governor states the system is designed for 60 mm of rain; 131.5 mm fell in Lak Si and Lak Si, Bang Na, Phra Khanong, Khlong Toei and Don Mueang flooded regardless.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-600da3956af256c3",
      "title": "The Nation Thailand — Bangkok steps up its flood defences, 1 June 2026",
      "url": "https://www.nationthailand.com/sustaination/40066890",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "nationthailand.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-06b75fbebd90a6e0",
       "clm-f8c28d66f288cffe"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2026-06-01",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-26",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The city's own account in June 2026 of the upgraded drainage capacity and the number of real-time monitoring points.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 10,
     "claimsMapped": 10,
     "sourcesTotal": 7,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 6,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 5,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}