{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
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  "id": "bangalore-bmtc-open-transit-data",
  "title": "BMTC Bus Tracking and Open Transit Data",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/bangalore-bmtc-open-transit-data/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-27-p1-quality-uplift",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-27-p1-quality-uplift",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-27T00:03:04Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-07-26",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 11 claims and 7 source dossiers.",
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    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
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   },
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    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:0f668a062266e73a01779d39c547eab2ab8a7ccbe66a740d225fbae77282cb5e",
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    "assurance": {
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     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
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      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
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      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "media",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2023,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Bengaluru Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC), with the Directorate of Urban Land Transport",
     "actorTypes": [
      "utility",
      "regional-government"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "public",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
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      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "The Namma BMTC app, formally launched in September 2023, shows city buses moving in real time, running on GPS hardware from an intelligent transport system the operator first switched on in 2016 and had to rebuild after its original contractor collapsed",
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      "supportNote": "Citizen Matters describes the 2016 intelligent transport system with GPS tracking on 6,400 buses and its collapse; Construction World records the current tracking estate after the move to the state data centre.",
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      "text": "In 2024 the bus and metro operators published their schedules as GTFS on the state transport directorate's data hub, the first release of BMTC data in a global open standard",
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      "text": "Two mobility apps built on that data launched in July 2025",
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      "text": "reporting in 2026 found buses missing from the live feed, and developers have long maintained an unofficial GTFS scraped out of the app itself",
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      "text": "an intelligent transport system launched in May 2016 with GPS tracking on 6,400 buses and passenger displays at stops had, on its first day, two working displays and several routes showing no buses at all",
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      "text": "the community GTFS built by scraping the official app warns that its own source is not completely accurate and is particularly unreliable for timetables and stop timings",
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      "text": "the operator's IT director called it the first time BMTC could do so",
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      "text": "once when the original contractor collapsed and the operator had to rebuild the system, and again in the buses that simply do not appear",
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      "id": "src-ba142cf620075eab",
      "title": "Autocar Professional — Tummoc and Namma Yatri named winners of the Enroute MaaS Challenge",
      "url": "https://www.autocarpro.in/news/mercedes-benz-research-and-development-india-names-tummoc-and-namma-yatri-as-winners-of-mobility-service-challenge-122175",
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      "title": "Elets eGov — Bengaluru launches the city's first Mobility-as-a-Service apps",
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      "title": "Citizen Matters — All you need to know about BMTC's Intelligent Transport System",
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       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
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      "id": "src-a96e0c01290c1d86",
      "title": "Deccan Herald — Missing buses, long waits: inside the app's glitches and tracking woes",
      "url": "https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/bengaluru/missing-buses-long-waits-inside-bengalurus-bmtc-app-glitches-and-tracking-woes-3963929",
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       "publishedAt": "2026-04-11",
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       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Currency check: buses off the tracking grid and unreliable arrival updates. Its specific tracked-versus-fleet figures were deliberately not used.",
       "exact": false
      },
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     },
     {
      "id": "src-90dd73ca655355c3",
      "title": "Vonter/bmtc-gtfs — unofficial GTFS dataset for BMTC",
      "url": "https://github.com/Vonter/bmtc-gtfs",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "github.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
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       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Community-maintained GTFS built by scraping the official app; its own README warns the app data is not completely accurate and is particularly unreliable for timetables and stop timings. Evidence that the open feed does not yet fully substitute for scraping. A living repository with no publication date.",
       "exact": false
      },
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      "title": "Transport Data Hub, Directorate of Urban Land Transport (Karnataka)",
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       "domain": "tdh.dult-karnataka.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
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      "role": "background",
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       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-26",
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       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "record-date-only"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "The portal that hosts the GTFS feeds, indexed and referenced by the sources above. A living portal with no publication date.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
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       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
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    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 11,
     "claimsMapped": 11,
     "sourcesTotal": 7,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 6,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 5,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}