{
 "schemaVersion": "1.0.0",
 "constitutionVersion": "1.0.0",
 "createdAt": "2026-08-12T00:00:00Z",
 "description": "Append-only Evidence Passport records. Old revisions are immutable; corrections create a new revision and preserve the previous permalink.",
 "entity": {
  "type": "project",
  "id": "amsterdam-arena-energy-storage",
  "title": "Johan Cruijff ArenA Battery Storage & Vehicle-to-Grid Pilot",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://1001smartcities.org/projects/amsterdam-arena-energy-storage/"
 },
 "currentRevisionId": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
 "revisions": [
  {
   "id": "2026-08-22-evidence-baseline",
   "createdAt": "2026-08-22T21:07:00Z",
   "effectiveAt": "2026-07-20",
   "changeType": "baseline",
   "summary": "Created the first structured Evidence Passport with 10 claims and 4 source dossiers.",
   "preparedBy": {
    "type": "automation",
    "label": "AI-assisted evidence preparation",
    "humanApproved": false
   },
   "review": {
    "status": "unreviewed",
    "by": null,
    "date": null,
    "note": "Awaiting operator and domain-expert review; publication of this revision implies neither."
   },
   "changes": [
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/evidencePassport",
     "summary": "Added claim-level evidence mapping and source dossiers."
    },
    {
     "operation": "add",
     "path": "/revisionHistory",
     "summary": "Established a permanent, hash-addressed baseline revision."
    }
   ],
   "snapshotHash": "sha256:843ca20f70a74f1c14b127eaefc3af82e53a4a3b0a2a47dd656b11d5d0cf2ce8",
   "snapshot": {
    "asOf": "2026-07-20",
    "projectFingerprint": "sha256:18f569474f49be640ec0ae2ba09b41a9a86c345ad659a8186ba68d63a227665d",
    "assurance": {
     "status": "unreviewed",
     "scope": "evidence-passport-revision",
     "statement": "AI-assisted structural preparation. This revision has not been reviewed by a human or subject-matter expert.",
     "machineChecks": [
      "schema",
      "publication-diff-contract",
      "material-project-fingerprint",
      "claim-text-drift",
      "source-reference-resolution",
      "complete-source-dossier",
      "snapshot-hash"
     ]
    },
    "projectState": {
     "status": "live",
     "outcome": "ongoing",
     "evidenceGrade": "official",
     "timeline": {
      "started": 2018,
      "ended": null
     }
    },
    "governance": {
     "operator": "Johan Cruijff ArenA",
     "actorTypes": [
      "private"
     ],
     "fundingModel": "private",
     "fundingDescription": null,
     "cost": null,
     "ownership": null,
     "decisionRights": null,
     "exitConditions": null
    },
    "claims": [
     {
      "id": "clm-25af35f2a395f4dd",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "A 3 MW battery",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-272f2c96cc3b5e70",
       "src-3b0337a8a757d4d8",
       "src-0f7b3df81f25126e",
       "src-b3ef7090a35cb4d7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "All four sources give the same power rating. Eaton's release is headlined \"The 3 megawatt energy storage system in Johan Cruijff ArenA is now live\"; the arena's own page describes \"the 3 MW storage system\"; electrive refers to \"the existing 3 MW battery storage\"; pv magazine recalls \"the installation of a 3 MW storage system in 2018\".",
      "caveat": "3 MW is a power rating — how fast the battery can charge or discharge — not a measure of how much energy it holds. None of the sources states the energy capacity of this first battery on its own.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-f555043a6624413e",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "the equivalent of 148 Nissan LEAF batteries, second-life and new",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-272f2c96cc3b5e70",
       "src-3b0337a8a757d4d8",
       "src-0f7b3df81f25126e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Eaton calls the installation \"the largest European energy storage system using second-life and new electric vehicle batteries in a commercial building\" and describes it as \"Combining Eaton power conversion units and the equivalent of 148 Nissan LEAF batteries\". The arena's own page names \"the 148 Nissan LEAF batteries\", and electrive writes of storage \"consisting of 148 Nissan Leaf batteries\".",
      "caveat": "Eaton writes of \"the equivalent of 148 Nissan LEAF batteries\", which is a comparison rather than a count of physical packs. None of the sources says how many of the batteries are second-life and how many are new.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-cd22a1a8b0800911",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "with Eaton power-conversion tech",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-272f2c96cc3b5e70",
       "src-3b0337a8a757d4d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Eaton describes the system as \"Combining Eaton power conversion units and the equivalent of 148 Nissan LEAF batteries\". The arena confirms the pairing from its own side: \"The combination of Eaton's energy distribution system and the 148 Nissan LEAF batteries ensures not only that the energy storage system is more sustainable but also that it creates a circular economy for electric vehicle batteries.\"",
      "caveat": "The two sources name Eaton's contribution differently — Eaton calls it power conversion, the arena calls it an energy distribution system.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-1f42d315eeae8096",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "rooftop solar",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-3b0337a8a757d4d8",
       "src-0f7b3df81f25126e",
       "src-b3ef7090a35cb4d7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "The arena writes that \"the energy produced by the >4,200 solar panels on the ArenA's roof can also be stored and used optimally\". electrive names \"the 1 MW photovoltaic system on the roof of the arena\", and pv magazine says the batteries \"store energy generated by 4,200 solar panels installed on the stadium's roof\".",
      "caveat": "The rooftop array is a separate installation whose output the battery stores, not part of the battery itself. pv magazine adds that the batteries also take in power from a wind turbine in the village of Oudendijk and a local solar park.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-6cf3025b3c662ece",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "has powered Amsterdam's Johan Cruijff ArenA since June 2018",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-272f2c96cc3b5e70",
       "src-3b0337a8a757d4d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Eaton's release is dated 6/29/2018 and opens: \"Today the largest European energy storage system using second-life and new electric vehicle batteries in a commercial building was made live.\" The arena's own page, published 23 May 2023, still describes the system as in service, calling itself \"the proud owner of Europe's largest energy storage system using secondhand batteries and batteries from electric vehicles in a commercial building\".",
      "caveat": "The sources describe a storage system that backs up and balances the stadium's supply, not one that generates the stadium's power. pv magazine reported in 2024 that until shortly before then the system had been used mainly for emergency power.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-06f0a5aa6a583713",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "installed to back up the arena in place of diesel generators",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-272f2c96cc3b5e70",
       "src-3b0337a8a757d4d8"
      ],
      "supportNote": "Eaton wrote at the launch that the system \"will provide back-up power, reducing the use of diesel generators\". The arena repeats it in the present tense: the storage system \"provides backup power, reduces the use of diesel generators and eases the pressure on the energy grid\".",
      "caveat": "Both statements come from the companies behind the installation, and both describe a purpose rather than a result. Neither gives a measured reduction — no hours, litres of fuel or emissions are reported, before or after.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-43d813ed18be0312",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "A bidirectional (V2G) pilot began in December 2019 with the first of fifteen chargers",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f7b3df81f25126e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "electrive reported on 9 December 2019: \"The first of 15 bidirectional charging stations in the JCA is now officially in operation\", and described a project that \"combines the 15 new charging stations with the existing 3 MW battery storage\".",
      "caveat": "At the time of that report only the first of the fifteen chargers was in operation. None of the sources confirms that all fifteen were completed, and none is dated later than 2019 on this part of the installation.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-9a08a78d50975234",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "letting consenting visitors' EVs feed power back to the arena",
      "statementKind": "descriptive",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-0f7b3df81f25126e"
      ],
      "supportNote": "electrive writes that the setup \"enables electric cars to transfer energy from stadium visitors – with their consent – to boost the maximum current capacity\", and that visitors \"can actively contribute to the power supply of the arena with their electric cars\".",
      "caveat": "electrive frames the energy that flows back as a contribution to the stadium's emergency power supply, and notes that the charging management system makes sure each car is charged again before its owner leaves.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-41f18ff17b1b569d",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "A second battery installed in 2024",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-b3ef7090a35cb4d7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "pv magazine reported on 12 August 2024 that the arena \"deployed a second battery in recent weeks, following the installation of a 3 MW storage system in 2018\", and that a match the previous week \"ran entirely off green energy\" as a result.",
      "caveat": "pv magazine gives no power rating, chemistry or supplier for the second battery, and no date more precise than \"in recent weeks\".",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "clm-dca664ef36ba1ea6",
      "field": "snippet",
      "text": "raised total storage to 8.6 MWh",
      "statementKind": "quantitative",
      "textMode": "verbatim-from-project-record",
      "mappingStatus": "mapped",
      "sourceRefs": [
       "src-b3ef7090a35cb4d7"
      ],
      "supportNote": "pv magazine states: \"The new installation takes the stadium's combined storage capacity to 8.6 MWh.\"",
      "caveat": "8.6 MWh is the combined figure for both batteries. The sources do not break it down, so how much of it the 2018 system contributes is not stated anywhere.",
      "interpretation": {
       "added": false,
       "interpolation": false,
       "note": "The passport copies the published claim and its recorded source mapping without adding a conclusion."
      }
     }
    ],
    "sources": [
     {
      "id": "src-272f2c96cc3b5e70",
      "title": "Eaton (technology partner)",
      "url": "https://www.eaton.com/us/en-us/company/news-insights/news-releases/2018/the-3-megawatt-energy-storage-system-in-johan-cruijff-arena-is-n.html",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "eaton.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-25af35f2a395f4dd",
       "clm-f555043a6624413e",
       "clm-cd22a1a8b0800911",
       "clm-6cf3025b3c662ece",
       "clm-06f0a5aa6a583713"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2018-06-29",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-20",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "3 MW/148-battery system specs, 2018 launch.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-3b0337a8a757d4d8",
      "title": "Johan Cruijff ArenA (operator)",
      "url": "https://www.johancruijffarena.nl/en/news/duurzaam/mega-batterij/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "johancruijffarena.nl",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-25af35f2a395f4dd",
       "clm-f555043a6624413e",
       "clm-cd22a1a8b0800911",
       "clm-1f42d315eeae8096",
       "clm-6cf3025b3c662ece",
       "clm-06f0a5aa6a583713"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2023-05-23",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-20",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "Operator's own account of the battery system and its purpose.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-0f7b3df81f25126e",
      "title": "electrive.com (trade press)",
      "url": "https://www.electrive.com/2019/12/09/amsterdam-stadium-integrates-bi-directional-charging/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "electrive.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-25af35f2a395f4dd",
       "clm-f555043a6624413e",
       "clm-1f42d315eeae8096",
       "clm-43d813ed18be0312",
       "clm-9a08a78d50975234"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2019-12-09",
       "updatedAt": "2019-12-10",
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-20",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "December 2019 V2G pilot, 15 bidirectional chargers.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     },
     {
      "id": "src-b3ef7090a35cb4d7",
      "title": "pv-magazine (trade press)",
      "url": "https://www.pv-magazine.com/2024/08/12/dutch-football-stadium-installs-second-battery/",
      "publisher": {
       "name": null,
       "domain": "pv-magazine.com",
       "classification": "not-classified"
      },
      "sourceType": "web-page",
      "language": "und",
      "role": "claim-evidence",
      "claimRefs": [
       "clm-25af35f2a395f4dd",
       "clm-1f42d315eeae8096",
       "clm-41f18ff17b1b569d",
       "clm-dca664ef36ba1ea6"
      ],
      "temporal": {
       "publishedAt": "2024-08-12",
       "updatedAt": null,
       "sourceCheckedAt": null,
       "recordLastVerifiedAt": "2026-07-20",
       "dossierCreatedAt": "2026-08-22",
       "retrievedAt": null,
       "status": "publication-and-record-dates-recorded"
      },
      "locator": {
       "type": "descriptive-source-note",
       "value": "2024 second-battery expansion to 8.6 MWh.",
       "exact": false
      },
      "preservation": {
       "archiveUrl": null,
       "archivedAt": null,
       "contentHash": null,
       "status": "not-captured"
      }
     }
    ],
    "coverage": {
     "claimsTotal": 10,
     "claimsMapped": 10,
     "sourcesTotal": 4,
     "sourcesUsedByClaims": 4,
     "sourcesWithPublicationDate": 4,
     "sourcesWithArchive": 0,
     "sourcesWithExactLocator": 0,
     "sourcesWithContentHash": 0
    },
    "limits": [
     "Publisher names and source languages have not yet been classified; domains are recorded without guessing.",
     "Existing source notes are descriptive locators, not page- or paragraph-exact citations.",
     "A missing archive, publication date or content hash is shown as null rather than inferred.",
     "The project-level evidence grade ranks the strongest source in the entry; it is not a truth score for every claim."
    ]
   }
  }
 ]
}